The Everything Spanish Grammar Book: All The Rules You Need To Master Espanol (Everything®)

THE
EVERYTHING
®
Spanish Grammar Book

Dear Reader,

I started learning my first foreign language, English, in grade school and it soon became one of my favorite classes. I liked the concept of communicating in a different language, and memorization came easily to me.

However, once I found myself in the United States, acquiring fluency in English proved to be more challenging. Some of the grammar didn’t make sense, and I had trouble understanding American pronunciation.

I can’t tell you exactly when I realized that I’d finally made English my own, but I do know that I couldn’t have done it without studying English grammar. I needed to learn the basics that come naturally to native speakers of English.

This is why I consider Spanish grammar a very important part of learning Spanish. Whether you’re a non-native speaker and need to figure out concepts like the subjunctive mood and the multiple past tenses or a native speaker who never had the opportunity to study Spanish in a classroom setting, learning Spanish grammar can truly help you gain full proficiency in this beautiful language.

The
EVERYTHING
®
Series

Editorial

Publishing Director     
Gary M. Krebs
Managing Editor
Kate McBride
Copy Chief
Laura M. Daly
Acquisitions Editors
Eric M. Hall / Gina Chaimanis
Development Editor
Katie McDonough
Language Editor
Susana Schultz
Production Editor
Jamie Wielgus

Production

Production Director   
Susan Beale
Production Manager
Michelle Roy Kelly
Series Designers
Daria Perreault
Colleen Cunningham
Cover Design
Paul Beatrice
Matt Leblanc
Layout and Graphics
Colleen Cunningham
Rachael Eiben
Michelle Roy Kelly
John Paulhus
Daria Perreault
Erin Ring
Series Cover Artist
Barry Littmann

Visit the entire Everything
®
Series at
www.everything.com

THE
EVERYTHING
®
SPANISH
GRAMMAR
BOOK

All the rules you need to master español

Julie Gutin

Copyright ©2005, F+W Media, Inc.
All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher; exceptions are made for brief excerpts used in published reviews.

An Everything
®
Series Book.
Everything
®
and
everything.com
®
are registered trademarks of F+W Media, Inc.

Published by Adams Media, a division of F+W Media, Inc.
57 Littlefield Street, Avon, MA 02322 U.S.A.
www.adamsmedia.com

ISBN 10: 1-59337-309-0
ISBN 13: 978-1-59337-309-2
eISBN: 978-1-44052-311-3
Printed in the United States of America.

J I H G F E D C

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Gutin, Julie.
The everything Spanish grammar book / Julie Gutin.
p.       cm.
ISBN 1-59337-309-0
1. Spanish language–Grammar. 2. Spanish language–
Textbooks for foreign speakers--English. I. Title. II. Series: Everything series.

PC4112.G87 2005
468.2'421–dc22

2004026355

This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information with regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional advice. If legal advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought.

—From a
Declaration of Principles
jointly adopted by a Committee of the American
Bar Association and a Committee of Publishers and Associations

Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book and Adams Media was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed with initial capital letters.

This book is available at quantity discounts for bulk purchases.
For information, please call 1-800-289-0963

To my parents, who made it all possible

Contents

T
OP
T
EN
R
EASONS TO
S
TUDY
S
PANISH
G
RAMMAR

I
NTRODUCTION

C
HAPTER
1:
Welcome to the World of Spanish

A Romance Language

On the Iberian Peninsula

The Language of Castile

Spanish Literature

Out to the World

C
HAPTER
2:
Grammar Essentials

Just Like English

Blueprint of a Sentence

Parts of Speech

In Agreement

Tenses and Moods

Practice Makes Perfect

C
HAPTER
3:
Start with the Basics

Learn Your ABCs

Pronunciation Guide

Showing Stress

Counting Off

For the Nth Time

Practice Makes Perfect

C
HAPTER
4:
About Nouns

Divided by Gender

Forming Plurals

Definite Articles

Indefinite Articles

Choosing the Right Article

The Rules of Possession

Practice Makes Perfect

C
HAPTER
5:
Making Sense of Pronouns

From Noun to Pronoun

It’s Personal

Whose Is It, Anyway?

This, That, and the Other

Definitely Indefinite

Practice Makes Perfect

C
HAPTER
6:
Adjectives and Adverbs

In Agreement

Switching Places

Adjectives of Nationality

Making Comparisons

Forming Adverbs

Practice Makes Perfect

C
HAPTER
7:
Introducing the Verb

Action or State of Being

In the Infinitive

The Present Tense

Regular Conjugations

Practice Makes Perfect

C
HAPTER
8:
Irregular Present Indicative Forms

There Is an Explanation

Spelling Change Verbs

Changes in Pronunciation

Stem Changing Verbs

Just Plain Irregular

Ser
Versus
Estar

Practice Makes Perfect

C
HAPTER
9:
A Quick Verb Usage Guide

Saber
or
Conocer
?

Talking about the Weather

There Is/There Are

Just Finished

Going to Do It with
Ir

Progressive Forms

Passive Voice

Practice Makes Perfect

C
HAPTER
10:
Object of the Verb

What Is an Object?

Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

Direct Objects

Indirect Objects

A Different Kind of Construction

Reflexive Verbs

Make It Impersonal

Practice Makes Perfect

C
HAPTER
11:
In the Past

What You Did—the Preterite

Irregular Forms

What You Were Doing—the Imperfect

A Point of Comparison

Past Progressive Forms

Practice Makes Perfect

C
HAPTER
12:
Future and Conditional

Double Endings

Future Actions in the Present

Simple Future

It’s Potential

Future and Conditional Clauses

Practice Makes Perfect

C
HAPTER
13:
In the Mood—Subjunctive and Imperative

The Subjunctive Mood

Present Subjunctive

Irregular Present-Subjunctive Forms

Indicative or Subjunctive?

Past Subjunctive

It’s a Command

With Reflexive or Object Pronouns

Practice Makes Perfect

C
HAPTER
14:
Perfect Compound Tenses

Haber
and Past Participle

Present Perfect

Past-Tense Forms

Future and Conditional

In the Subjunctive

Practice Makes Perfect

C
HAPTER
15:
Not to Be Overlooked

In Conjunction

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