Read The Greater Journey: Americans in Paris Online
Authors: David Mccullough
Tags: #Physicians, #Intellectuals - France - Paris - History - 19th Century, #Artists - France - Paris - History - 19th Century, #Physicians - France - Paris - History - 19th Century, #Paris, #Americans - France - Paris, #United States - Relations - France - Paris, #Americans - France - Paris - History - 19th Century, #France, #Paris (France) - Intellectual Life - 19th Century, #Intellectuals, #Authors; American, #Americans, #19th Century, #Artists, #Authors; American - France - Paris - History - 19th Century, #Paris (France) - Relations - United States, #Paris (France), #Biography, #History
304
“France is dead!”:
Ibid.
304
“Paris is trembling”:
Ibid.
304
Olin Warner spoke for nearly:
Olin Warner to his parents, June 6, 1871, Archives of American Art.
304
“We are all furious”:
Jacobi,
Life and Letters of Mary Putnam Jacobi
, 274.
304
“quite Parisian”:
Elihu Washburne to General Read, February 25, 1871, Library of Congress.
304
“Oh, I was only a post-office”:
Horne,
The Fall of Paris
, 171.
305
The conduct of Mr. Washburne: New York Tribune
, undated news article, Elihu Washburne scrapbooks, Library of Congress.
305
“No Minister”:
Secretary of State Hamilton Fish to Elihu Washburne, February 20, 1871, Library of Congress.
305
The German army marched: Galignani’s Messenger
, March 10, 15, 1871.
305
The first of the conquerors:
Ibid.
306
At first the troops:
Washburne,
Recollections of a Minister to France, 1869–1877
, Vol. II, 11.
306
The gas was not yet lighted:
Ibid., 13.
306
“At 3 o’clock in the afternoon”:
Ibid., 19.
306
Gaslights burned once more:
See
Galignani’s Messenger
, March 5, 7, 1871.
307
In a surprise move:
Ibid., March 10, 1871.
307
In an improvised mock trial:
Horne,
The Fall of Paris
, 272.
307
The Commune, as often mistakenly assumed:
Ibid., 291.
308
“culmination of every horror”:
Elihu Washburne to Secretary of State Hamilton Fish, March 19, 1871, Library of Congress.
308
With the official government now at Versailles:
Elihu Washburne to Peter [illegible], March 23, 1871, Library of Congress.
308
He was gravely worried:
Elihu Washburne to his brother, March 21, 1871, Library of Congress.
308
“no law, no protection”:
Elihu Washburne to Benjamin Shaw, March 30, 1871, Library of Congress.
308
On March 28, with great to-do:
Elihu Washburne to Secretary of State Hamilton Fish, March 30, 1871, Washburne,
Franco-German War and the Insurrection of the Commune, Correspondence of E. B. Washburne
, 171–72; Horne,
The Fall of Paris
, 288.
309
At the same time:
Elihu Washburne to Secretary of State Hamilton Fish, March 30, 1871, Washburne,
Franco-German War and the Insurrection of the Commune, Correspondence of E. B. Washburne
, 173.
309
Such a system of “denunciation”:
Ibid.
309
His private secretary:
Ibid.
309
“He is mistaken”:
Elihu Washburne Diary, March 28, 1871, Library of Congress.
309
“The Commune is looming”:
Ibid., March 31, 1871.
310
The morning of that same day:
Horne,
The Fall of Paris
, 334–35.
310
“a horrid place”:
Elihu Washburne Diary, April 23, 1871, Library of Congress.
310
“What mysteries”:
Ibid.
310
“I want sexual promiscuity”:
Horne,
The Fall of Paris
, 334.
310
Lillie Moulton described him:
Ibid., 335.
310
“hideous” figures in history:
Washburne,
Recollections of a Minister to France
,
1869–1877
, Vol. II, 192.
310
Lillie was admitted to Rigault’s office:
Horne,
The Fall of Paris
, 335.
311
“No Elsa ever welcomed”:
De Hegermann-Lindencrone,
In the Courts of Memory, 1858–1875
, 222.
311
On April 4, the Commune formally impeached: Galignani’s Messenger
, April 7, 1871.
312
At first M. Darboy:
Ibid.
312
“Big firing this morning”:
Elihu Washburne Diary, April 10, 1871, Library of Congress.
312
The firing is going on all the time:
Ibid., April 17, 1871, Library of Congress.
312
All is one great shipwreck:
Ibid., April 19, 1871, Library of Congress.
313
When the pope’s nuncio:
Elihu Washburne Diary, April 23, 1871, Library of Congress.
313
On the morning of Sunday, April 23:
Ibid.
313
“So we all started off”:
Ibid.
314
With his slender:
Washburne,
Recollections of a Minister to France, 1869–1877
, Vol. II, 169.
314
He seemed to appreciate his critical situation:
Elihu Washburne to Secretary of State Hamilton Fish, April 23, 1871, Washburne,
Franco-German War and the Insurrection of the Commune, Correspondence of E. B. Washburne
, 188.
314
He was confined:
Elihu Washburne Diary, April 23, 1871, Library of Congress.
314
When Washburne offered him any assistance:
Ibid.
315
Two days later he was back:
Ibid., April 25, 1871, Library of Congress.
315
“It is a little French village”:
Elihu Washburne to [unknown] in Galena, Illinois, May 4, 1871, Library of Congress.
315
“I have been so run down”:
Ibid.
315
Back in Paris an incident:
De Hegermann-Lindencrone,
In the Courts of Memory, 1858–1875
, 235.
316
Mr. Moulton took the paper:
Ibid., 236.
316
The Commune issued a decree:
See Horne,
The Fall of Paris
, 349–51.
316
Hundreds of laborers:
Ibid., 350.
317
The engineers had cut through:
Ibid.
317
“I did not see it fall”:
Elihu Washburne Diary, May 16, 1871, Library of Con- gress.
317
Writing in his diary the next day:
Becker, ed.,
Paris Under Siege, 1870–1871: From the Goncourt Journal
, 292.
318
“Today they threaten to destroy”:
Elihu Washburne Diary, May 19, 1871, Library of Congress.
318
“a very delicate piece of business”:
Washburne,
Recollections of a Minister to France, 1869–1877
, Vol. II, 175.
318
On another visit to the Mazas Prison:
Elihu Washburne Diary, May 19, 1871, Library of Congress.
318
“everything in a vastly different state”:
Ibid., May 28, 1871.
319
“He had lost his cheerfulness”:
Elihu Washburne to Dr. Henry James Anderson, January 31, 1873, Library of Congress.
319
He and Gratiot both dressed at once:
Elihu Washburne Diary, May 22, 1871, Library of Congress.
320
“Everyone passing was forced”: Galignani’s Messenger
, June 1, 1871.
320
“thick and fast”:
Elihu Washburne to an unknown friend in Galena, Illinois, May 4, 1871, Library of Congress.
320
“5:45
P.M
.
Have just taken a long ride”:
Elihu Washburne Diary, May 22, 1871, Library of Congress.
320
Washburne, for his part:
Ibid., May 23, 1871.
321
“He
[
MacMahon
]
hopes they will”:
Ibid.
321
“Tremendous
[
cannon
]
firing”:
Ibid., May 24, 1871.
321
“Every woman carrying a bottle”:
Hoffman,
Camp, Court, and Siege: A Narrative of Personal Adventure and Observation During Two Wars: 1861–1865; 1870–1871
, 282.
321
All the fighting in all the revolutions:
Elihu Washburne Diary, May 24, 1871, Library of Congress.
322
Nor was it yet generally known:
Horne,
The Fall of Paris
, 397.
323
That afternoon on the avenue d’Antin:
Ibid., 392.
323
The insurgents fought on “like fiends”:
Gibson,
Paris During the Commune
,
1871
, 37.
323
“They are as they were when caught”:
Becker, ed.,
Paris Under Siege, 1870–1871
, 306.
323
There are men of the common people:
Ibid.
323
On Friday, 50 prisoners:
Horne,
The Fall of Paris
, 409.
323
On Sunday, May 28:
Ibid., 413.
324
One of the most infamous:
Ibid., 414.
324
“There has been nothing but general butchery”:
Elihu Washburne Diary, May 29, 1871, Library of Congress.
324
“The vandalism of the dark ages”:
Elihu Washburne to Secretary of State Hamilton Fish, May 31, 1871, Library of Congress.
324
The incredible enormities:
Ibid.