The Hormone Reset Diet (41 page)

15
. R. Hursel et al., “Green Tea Catechin Plus Caffeine Supplementation to a High-Protein Diet Has No Additional Effect on Body Weight Maintenance After Weight Loss,”
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
89, no. 3 (2009): 822–30.

16
. I. A. Hakim et al., “Preparation, Composition and Consumption Patterns of Tea-Based Beverages in Arizona,”
Nutrition Research
20, no 12 (2000): 1715–24.

17
. J. D. Lambert et al., “Dose-Dependent Levels of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate in Human Colon Cancer Cells and Mouse Plasma and Tissues,”
Drug Metabolism and Disposition
34, no. 1 (2006):8–11.

18
. M. C. Venables et al., “Green Tea Extract Ingestion, Fat Oxidation, and Glucose Tolerance in Healthy Humans,”
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
87 (2008): 778–84; and Y. Fukino et al., “Randomized Controlled Trial for an Effect of Green Tea-Extract Powder Supplementation on Glucose Abnormalities,”
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
62, no. 8 (2008): 953–60.

19
. L. Hartley et al., “Green and Black Tea for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease,”
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
(June 18, 2013): 6:CD009934. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009934.pub2.

20
. T. M. Jurgens et al., “Can Green Tea Preparations Help with Weight Loss?”
Canadian Pharmacists Journal (Ottawa)
147, no. 3 (2014): 159-60; T. M. Jurgens et al., “Green Tea for Weight Loss and Weight Maintenance in Overweight or Obese Adults,”
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
(December 12, 2012) 12:CD008650. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008650.pub2; and A. Basu et al., “Green Tea Supplementation Affects Body Weight, Lipids, and Lipid Peroxidation in Obese Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome,”
Journal of the American College of Nutrition
29, no. 1 (2010): 31–40.

21
. Donald Lee Goss, “A Comparison of Lower Extremity Joint Work and Initial Loading Rates Among Four Different Running Styles” (Ph.D. dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2012), ChiRunning, accessed March 6, 2014, www.chirunning.com/2012%20UNC%20Running%20Impact%20Study.pdf.

22
. T. Kino, “Circadian Rhythms of Glucocorticoid Hormone Actions in Target Tissues: Potential Clinical Implications,”
Science Signaling
5, no. 244 (2012): pt4, doi:10.1126/scisignal.2003333.

Chapter 7: Grain Free

1
. Gena Lee Nolin and Mary Shomon,
Beautiful Inside and Out: Conquering Thyroid Disease with a Healthy, Happy, “Thyroid Sexy” Life
(New York: Atria, 2013).

2
. P. K. Crane et al., “Glucose Levels and Risk of Dementia,”
New England Journal of Medicine
369, no. 6 (2013): 540–48, doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1215740.

3
. Y. Hu et al., “Dietary Glycemic Load, Glycemic Index, and Associated Factors in a Multiethnic Cohort of Midlife Women,”
Journal of the American College of Nutrition
28, no. 6 (2009): 636–47; S. Oba et al., “Dietary Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Intake of Carbohydrate and Rice in Relation to Risk of Mortality from Stroke and Its Subtypes in Japanese Men and Women,”
Metabolism
59, no. 11 (2010): 1574–82; S. Liu et al., “Relation Between a Diet with a High Glycemic Load and Plasma Concentrations of High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein in Middle-Aged Women,”
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
75, no. 3 (2002): 492–98; and K. Murakami et al., “Associations of Dietary Glycaemic Index and Glycaemic Load with Food and Nutrient Intake and General and Central Obesity in British Adults,”
British Journal of Nutrition
110, no. 11 (2013): 2047–57, doi:10.1017/S0007114513001414.

4
. D. Yu et al., “Dietary Carbohydrates, Refined Grains, Glycemic Load, and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Chinese Adults,”
American Journal of Epidemiology
178, no. 10 (2013): 1542–49, doi:10.1093/aje/kwt178.

5
. J. E. Chavarro et al., “A Prospective Study of Dietary Carbohydrate Quantity and Quality in Relation to Risk of Ovulatory Infertility,”
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
63, no. 1 (2009): 78–86, doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602904.

6
. T. L. Halton et al., “Low-Carbohydrate-Diet Score and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Women,”
New England Journal of Medicine
355, no. 19 (2006): 1991–2002, doi:10.1056/NEJMoa055317.

7
. S. Liu et al., “Relation Between Changes in Intakes of Dietary Fiber and Grain Products and Changes in Weight and Development of Obesity Among Middle-Aged Women,”
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
78, no. 5 (2003): 920–27.

8
. “Number (in Millions) of Civilian, Noninstitutionalized Persons with Diagnosed Diabetes, United States, 1980–2011,” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, accessed February 4, 2014, www.cdc.gov/diabetes/statistics/prev/national/figpersons.htm.

9
. Y. Rodriguez-Carrasco et al., “Exposure Estimates to Fusarium Mycotoxins Through Cereal Intake,” Chemosphere 93, no. 10 (2013): 2297-303.

10
. M. Ryberg et al., “A Palaeolithic-Type Diet Causes Strong Tissue-Specific Effects on Ectopic Fat Deposition in Obese Postmenopausal Women,”
Journal of Internal Medicine
274, no. 1 (2013): 67–76, doi:10.1111/joim.12048.

11
. “The Top 5 Reasons Vitamin D Makes Women Bulletproof,” Bulletproof, accessed March 6, 2014, www.bulletproofexec.com/the-top-5-reasons-vitamin-d-makes-women-bulletproof/.

12
. I. Depoortere, “Taste Receptors of the Gut: Emerging Roles in Health and Disease,”
Gut
63, no. 1 (2014): 179–90, doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2013-305112; and S. C. Kinnamon, “Neurosensory Transmission Without a Synapse: New Perspectives on Taste Signaling,”
BMC Biology
11 (2013): 42, doi:10.1186/1741-7007-11-42.

13
. A. Sapone et al., “Divergence of Gut Permeability and Mucosal Immune Gene Expression in Two Gluten-Associated Conditions: Celiac Disease and Gluten Sensitivity,”
BMC Medicine
9 (2011): 23, doi:10.1186/1741-7015-9-23.

14
. Angela Haupt, “Are Gluten-Free Cosmetics Necessary?”
U.S. News and World Report,
September 11, 2012, accessed March 12, 2014, http://health.usnews.com/health-news/articles/2012/09/11/are-gluten-free-cosmetics-necessary; and Kate Murphy, “Jury Is Still Out on Gluten, the Latest Dietary Villian,”
New York Times
online, May 8, 2007, accessed January 28, 2014, www.nytimes.com/2007/05/08/health/08glut.html.

15
. Stephanie Strom, “A Big Bet on Gluten-Free,”
New York Times
online, February 17, 2014, accessed March 12, 2014, www.nytimes.com/2014/02/18/business/food-industry-wagers-big-on-gluten-free.html?_r=1; Kate Murphy, “Jury Is Still Out on Gluten, the Latest Dietary Villian,”
New York Times
online, May 8, 2007, accessed January 28, 2014, www.nytimes.com/2007/05/08/health/08glut.html; A. Tammaro et al., “Cutaneous Hypersensitivity to Gluten,”
Dermatitis
23, no. 5 (2012): 220–21; Y. Chinuki et al., “Higher Allergenicity of High Molecular Weight Hydrolysed Wheat Protein in Cosmetics for Percutaneous Sensitization,”
Contact Dermatitis
68, no. 2 (2013): 86–93, doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.2012.02168.x; and Shivani Vora, “Going Without Gluten,”
New York Times
online, May 29, 2013, accessed January 28, 2014, www.nytimes.com/2013/05/30/fashion/going-without-gluten-beauty-spots.html.

16
. Keith O’Brien, “Should We All Go Gluten-Free?”
New York Times
online, November 25, 2011, accessed January 28, 2014, www.nytimes.com/2011/11/27/magazine/Should-We-All-Go-Gluten-Free.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0.

17
. C. Catassi et al., “Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity: The New Frontier of Gluten Related Disorders,”
Nutrients
5, no. 10 (2013): 3839–53, doi:10.3390/nu5103839.

18
. P. D. Mooney et al., “Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity: Clinical Relevance and Recommendations for Future Research,”
Neurogastroenterology and Motility
25, no. 11 (2013): 864–71, doi:10.1111/nmo.12216.

19
. Kristina Campbell, “Metaflora:
Wheat Belly
Book Review,” Intestinal Gardener, December 29, 2012, accessed January 28, 2014, http://intestinalgardener.blogspot.com/2012/12/metaflora-wheat-belly-book-review.html.

20
. Anya Sacharow, “What’s Your Wheat Problem?”
Time
online, January 23, 2013, accessed January 28, 2014, http://ideas.time.com/2013/01/23/whats-your-wheat-problem/.

21
. Loren Cordain, “Cereal Grains: Humanity’s Double-Edged Sword,” Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Colorado State University, accessed March 6, 2014, www.direct-ms.org/pdf/EvolutionPaleolithic/Cereal%20Sword.pdf.

22
. T. Jönsson et al., “Agrarian Diet and Diseases of Affluence—Do Evolutionary Novel Dietary Lectins Cause Leptin Resistance?”
BMC Endocrine Disorders
5, no. 10 (2005), doi:10.1186/1472-6823-5-10.

23
. M. N. Akçay et al., “The Presence of the Antigliadin Antibodies in Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases,”
Hepatogastroenterology
50, suppl. 2 (2003): cclxxix–cclxxx.

24
. Nutritional data: Total calories: 1546 joules; total carbohydrates: 71 grams; total dietary fiber: 23 grams; net carbohydrates: 48 grams; total protein: 108 grams; total fat: 102 grams. For nutritional analysis, we consulted the following: “Nutrition Facts,” Self Nutrition Data, Condé Nast, accessed March 12, 2014, http://nutritiondata.self.com; “Dr. Sara’s Hormone Balancing Shakes (30 Servings),” Sara Gottfried, M.D., accessed March 12, 2014, https://pi127.infusionsoft.com/app/storeFront/showProductDetail?productId=332; and “Basic Report: 19904, Chocolate, Dark, 70–85% Cacao Solids,” Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, accessed March 12, 2014, http://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/6337?fg=&man=&lfacet=&count=&max=25&qlookup=cacao&offset=&sort= &format=Abridged&reportfmt=other&rptfrm=&ndbno=&nutrient1=&nutrient2=&nutrient3=&subset=&totCount=&measureby=&_action_show=Apply+Changes&Qv=0.15&Q12136=1.0&Q12137=1.0.

25
. S. Kayaniyil et al., “Prospective Associations of Vitamin D with ß-Cell Function and Glycemia: The PROspective Metabolism and Islet Cell Evaluation (PROMISE) Cohort Study,”
Diabetes
60, no. 11 (2011): 2947–53; and C. Gagnon et al., “Low Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Is Associated with Increased Risk of the Development of the Metabolic Syndrome at Five Years: Results from a National, Population-Based Prospective Study (The Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle Study: AusDiab),”
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
97, no. 6 (2012): 1953–61.

26
. T. Christiansen et al., “Comparable Reduction of the Visceral Adipose Tissue Depot After a Diet-Induced Weight Loss With or Without Aerobic Exercise in Obese Subjects: A 12-Week Randomized Intervention Study,”
European Journal of Endocrinology
160, no. 5 (2009): 759–67, doi:10.1530/EJE-08-1009.

27
. I. Ismail et al., “A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Aerobic vs. Resistance Exercise Training on Visceral Fat,”
Obesity Reviews
13, no. 1 (2012): 68–91, doi:10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00931.x.

28
. Gretchen Reynolds, “The Scientific 7-Minute Workout,”
Well
(blog),
New York
Times
online, May 9, 2013, accessed January 28, 2014, http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/05/09/the-scientific-7-minute-workout/?_r=0.

29
. Gretchen Reynolds, “For a 7-Minute Workout, Try Our New App,”
New York Times
online, accessed December 2, 2014, http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/10/24/for-a-7-minute-workout-download-our-new-app/.

Chapter 8: Dairy Free

1
. J. K. Jarvis et al., “Overcoming the Barrier of Lactose Intolerance to Reduce Health Disparities,”
Journal of the National Medical Association
94, no. 2 (2002): 55–66; “Lactose Intolerance Statistics,” Statistic Brain, from the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse, accessed January 14, 2014, www.statisticbrain.com/lactose-intolerance-statistics/; and A. Høst, “Frequency of Cow’s Milk Allergy in Childhood,”
Annals of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology
89, no. 6, suppl. 1 (2002): 33–37, doi:10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62120-5.

2
. D. P. Robinson et al., “Elevated 17ß-Estradiol Protects Females from Influenza A Virus Pathogenesis by Suppressing Inflammatory Responses,”
PLoS Pathogens
7, no. 7 (2011): e1002149, doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002149; and “Hormones and Oral Health,” WebMD, accessed March 6, 2014, www.webmd.com/oral-health/hormones-oral-health.

3
. D. Furman et al., “Systems Analysis of Sex Differences Reveals an Immunosuppressive Role for Testosterone in the Response to Influenza Vaccination,”
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
111, no. 2 (2014): 869–74, doi:10.1073/pnas.1321060111; Brendan Maher, “Women Are More Vulnerable to Infections,”
Nature
online, July 26, 2013, accessed March 6, 2014, www.nature.com/news/women-are-more-vulnerable-to-infections-1.13456; and “Arthritis: Frequently Asked Questions,” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, accessed March 6, 2014, www.cdc.gov/arthritis/basics/faqs.htm.

4
. Kriss Carr,
Crazy Sexy Diet
(New York: Skirt, 2011): 34-36; personal communication with the author.

5
. “Lactose Intolerance,” Mayo Clinic, accessed January 28, 2014, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lactose-intolerance/basics/tests-diagnosis/CON-20027906; and “Lactose Tolerance Tests,” Medline Plus, accessed January 28, 2014, www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003500.htm.

6
. L. C. Harrison et al., “Cow’s Milk and Type 1 Diabetes: The Real Debate Is About Mucosal Immune Function,”
Diabetes
48, no. 8 (1999): 1501–7; and H. E. Wasmuth et al., “Cow’s Milk and Immune-Mediated Diabetes,”
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society
59, no. 4 (2000): 573–79.