needle telegraphy,
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3
,
5.4
,
5.5
,
5.6
networks
applications of Shannon’s theories,
8.1
,
8.2
barbed-wire telephone
biological analogies for electrical
cloud processing
clustering in
collective judgment and behavior enabled by,
epl.1
,
epl.2
e-mail
emergence of global consciousness,
epl.1
,
epl.2
,
epl.3
English poetry
global information in,
epl.1
,
epl.2
science of
small-world,
epl.1
,
epl.2
spread of memes through
telegraphic,
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3
,
5.1
telephone,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
6.4
see also
cyberspace; Internet
Neugebauer, Otto
neurophysiology
analog
versus
digital descriptions of,
8.1
,
8.2
concept of human global organism,
epl.1
,
epl.2
,
epl.3
feedback systems in,
8.1
,
8.2
human–computer comparison,
8.1
,
8.2
,
8.3
metaphors for electrical systems
neurosis
New Logic,
6.1
,
6.2
Newman, James R.
Newton, Isaac,
prl.1
,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
4.1
,
6.1
,
9.1
,
11.1
,
12.1
,
14.1
,
14.2
,
14.3
noise
in biological systems
coded messages as,
7.1
,
7.2
error correction to overcome,
7.1
,
7.2
,
8.1
limits of information transmission,
8.1
,
8.2
in modeling of communication systems,
6.1
,
7.1
noisy coding theorem
predictability
problems of telephony,
prl.1
,
prl.2
,
6.1
,
6.2
,
7.1
quantification of
scientific study of,
6.1
,
6.2
source of,
6.1
,
7.1
as subject of psychology research,
8.1
,
8.2
Wiener’s studies of,
8.1
,
8.2
Nollet, Abbé Jean-Antoine
noosphere
Notions sur la machine analytique
(Menabrea)
nucleic acid,
10.1
,
10.2
;
see also
deoxyribonucleic acid,
10.1
nucleotides,
10.1
,
10.2
,
10.3
,
10.4
numbers
computability question,
7.1
,
7.2
,
7.3
,
7.4
,
7.5
,
12.1
,
12.2
,
12.3
,
12.4
,
12.5
concept of normality in,
12.1
,
12.2
earliest written,
2.1
,
2.2
,
2.3
information in,
12.1
,
12.2
interesting,
12.1
,
12.2
,
12.3
,
12.4
meaning of
printed tables of,
4.1
,
4.2
,
4.3
,
4.4
products of Babbage’s work with,
4.1
,
4.2
,
4.3
table of differences,
4.1
,
4.2
as universal language,
6.1
,
6.2
see also
mathematics
Nyquist, Harry,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
6.4
,
7.1
observer effects on subject of observation,
7.1
,
13.1
,
13.2
,
13.3
,
13.4
,
13.5
Occam’s razor
Odyssey
(Homer),
2.1
,
11.1
Ogilvie, Brian,
14.1
,
15.1
Ohm, Georg
Ong, Walter J.,
2.1
,
2.2
,
2.3
,
2.4
,
2.5
oral culture(s),
1.1
,
1.2
,
2.1
,
2.2
,
2.3
,
2.4
,
2.5
,
2.6
,
2.7
,
2.8
,
2.9
Oxford English Dictionary,
3.1
,
9.1
,
14.1
,
15.1
,
15.2
additions and revisions to,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
3.4
,
3.5
,
3.6
editions of
goals of,
3.1
,
3.2
growth of language and,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
online,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
sources of words and definitions for
spelling of words in,
3.1
,
3.2
Page, Larry,
14.1
,
epl.1
Palme, Jacob,
15.1
,
15.2
Palmer, Dexter,
epl.1
,
epl.2
paper,
2.1
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
7.1
,
9.1
,
13.1
,
14.1
,
14.2
,
14.3
,
15.1
,
15.2
paradox(es)
Barber
Berry’s,
6.1
,
6.2
,
12.1
challenges for symbolic logic,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
of distance in cyberspace
Epimenides’
Gödel’s insight into,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
6.4
of language and logic,
2.1
,
2.2
,
4.1
liar’s
mathematics as solution to
of perpetual motion,
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3
Russell’s,
6.1
,
6.2
self-referencing as basis of,
6.1
,
6.2
of smallest uninteresting number,
12.1
,
12.2
parallel processing,
4.1
,
4.2
Parker, Moses Greeley
Parry, Milman
Pascal, Blaise
patterns
distinguished from randomness,
12.1
,
12.2
,
12.3
,
12.4
recognition of, in cryptography,
7.1
,
7.2
in valuation of messages,
12.1
,
12.2
in
Voyager
spacecraft messages,
12.1
,
12.2
,
12.3
Pauli, Wolfgang
Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich
Peacock, George
Peel, Robert,
4.1
,
4.2
Peres, Asher,
13.1
,
13.2
Perks, William George
perpetual motion machines,
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3
perturbation studies
petroglyphs
pharmaceutical industry,
14.1
,
14.2
Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica
(Newton),
4.1
,
6.1
,
14.1
Philosophy of Decyphering, The
(Babbage)
phonemes,
1.1
,
1.2
,
8.1
photographic images,
12.1
,
14.1
,
14.2
physics,
prl.1
,
prl.2
,
prl.3
,
prl.4
,
prl.5
,
6.1
,
6.2
,
13.1
,
13.2
;
see also
quantum physics; thermodynamics
pi,
12.1
,
12.2
,
12.3
Pickering, John
pictographs
Pierce, John Robinson,
prl.1
,
8.1
Pinker, Steven,
3.1
,
3.2
planimeter
Plato,
2.1
,
2.2
,
2.3
,
2.4
,
2.5
,
2.6
Pliny,
2.1
,
6.1
Pluto,
3.1
,
3.2
PM (formal system),
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
Pocket Telegraphic Code,
5.1
Podolsky, Boris
Poe, Edgar Allan,
prl.1
,
4.1
,
5.1
,
6.1
,
7.1
,
14.1
poetry,
2.1
,
2.2
,
2.3
,
12.1
,
12.2
,
15.1
,
15.2
,
15.3