The Red Army Faction, a Documentary History (66 page)

Filbinger, Hans:
1913-2007; 1933, member of the paramilitary Stormtroopers; 1937, joined the Nazi Party; served as a Navy judge during the Third Reich; 1966-1978, CDU president of Baden-Württemberg.

Folkerts, Knut:
b. 1952; 1976, joined the RAF; 1977, arrested in Utrecht, Holland, following a shootout with police, sentenced to twenty years in prison in Holland; 1978, extradited to the FRG; 1980, received a life sentence for two counts of murder; 1995, released from prison.

Friedrich, Ralf Baptist:
b. 1946; 1977, joined the RAF; 1980, left the RAF and received asylum in the GDR, where he married fellow RAF defector Sigrid Sternebeck; 1990, arrested and cooperated with police and prosecutors; 1992, sentenced to six and a half years in prison.

Fritzsch, Ronald:
b. 1951; 2JM member; 1975, arrested; 1989, released from prison.

Genscher, Hans-Dietrich:
b. 1927; FDP politician; 1969-1974, federal minister of the interior; 1974-1992, federal minister for foreign affairs.

Gérard, Jean Paul:
member of the
Noyaux armés pour l'autonomie populaire,
precursor organization to
Action Directe;
1980, arrested for bombing the Paris offices of the
Bundesbahn;
1981, received amnesty.

Goder, Angelika:
b. 1950; 2JM member; 1978, participated in the liberation of Till Meyer, arrested in Bulgaria and extradited to the FRG.

Goemans, Johannes:
1954-1978; Dutch border guard; 1978, killed in shootout with RAF members at the Dutch border.

Grams, Wolfgang:
1953-1993; 1978, RAF supporter, arrested in the aftermath of the shooting of RAF member Willy Peter Stoll, held for 153 days; 1980, received remuneration for the time he had been held in prison; 1984, joined RAF; 1993, set up by a movement infiltrator and killed in shootout with GSG-9 agents in Bad Kleinen.

Grashof, Manfred:
b. 1946; 1970, founding member of the RAF; 1972, arrested prior to the May Offensive; 1977, sentenced to life in prison; 1988, pardoned.

Gratt, Thomas:
1956-2006; Austrian supporter of West German political prisoners; 1977, participated in the 2JM kidnapping of businessman Walter Palmers in Vienna, arrested in possession of weapons and ransom money at the Italian border; 1979, sentenced to fifteen years in prison in Austria, pardoned and released after thirteen years; 2006, committed suicide.

Groenewold, Kurt:
b. 1937; lawyer for prisoners from the RAF; 1975, subjected to the
Berufsverbot;
1979, received two-year suspended sentence for having facilitated
Info System,
between 1973 and ‘76,
Berufsverbot
lifted except for criminal cases; 1981,
Berufsverbot
completely lifted.

Grosser, Karl (Carlos):
b. 1956; alleged RAF supporter; 1981, arrested and charged with being an aboveground RAF member; 1982, sentenced to three years for supporting a terrorist organization; 1985, arrested for an alleged RAF robbery of two money messengers; 1993, released from prison.

Haag, Siegfried:
b. 1944; lawyer for prisoners from the RAF; 1975, joined the RAF; 1976, arrested; 1979, sentenced to fifteen years in prison; broke with the RAF in prison; 1987, released from prison.

Haag, Sybille:
b. 1942; ex-wife of lawyer Siegfried Haag, active in prisoner support work.

Haddad, Waddi (Abu Hani):
1927-1978; 1967-1970, leading figure in the PFLP's military wing; expelled from the PFLP at some point in the 1970s; established the PFLP (EO) in the early 1970s as a body separate from the PFLP; 1977, poisoned by the Mossad; 1978, died.

Haig, Alexander:
1924-2010; 1974-1979, NATO supreme commander; 1979, survived RAF assassination attempt; 1981-1982, U.S. secretary of state.

Hammerschmidt, Katharina:
1943-1975; 1970-1971, RAF supporter; 1972, turned herself in following the May Offensive; 1973, begins suffering symptoms from cancer, yet denied appropriate medical care; 1974, finally released from prison to receive medical treatment; 1975, died of cancer.

Hansen, Hans-Wilhelm:
b. 1952-1978; police officer killed in 1978 in a firefight with RAF members.

Happe, Manuela:
b. 1956; 1984, joined the RAF, arrested a few months later; 1986, sentenced to fifteen years in prison for membership in a terrorist organization and attempted murder of a police officer; 1995, released from prison.

Harb, Nabil:
1954-1977; PFLP (EO) member; killed during the Mogadishu action.

Härlin, Benny:
b. 1957; 1977, suspected editor of
radikal;
1983, arrested for promoting terrorism; 1984, sentenced to two and a half years in prison, elected to the European Parliament on the Green ticket, thereby providing him with immunity from imprisonment; 1990, the sentence was overturned by the BGH, returned to Germany.

Hausner, Siegfried:
1952-1975; SPK member; 1971, arrested; 1972 sentenced to three years in youth custody; 1974, released from prison, joined the RAF; 1975, participated in the RAF Holger Meins Commando's hostage taking at the West German embassy in Stockholm, died as a result of injuries sustained during the action.

Heißler, Rolf:
b. 1948; 1970-1971, member of the Tupamaros-Munich; 1975, joined the RAF after release from prison as part of a prisoner exchange for CDU politician Peter Lorenz who had been kidnapped by the 2JM; 1979, shot in the head and arrested; 1982, sentenced to life in prison; 2001, released from prison.

Helbing, Monika:
b. 1953; 1977, joined the RAF; 1980, left the RAF and received asylum in the GDR; 1990, arrested and cooperated with police and prosecutors; 1992, sentenced to seven years in prison; 1995, released from prison, living under a new name.

Herold, Horst:
b. 1923; 1967-1971, president of the Nuremberg police; 1971-1981, president of the BKA.

Hofmann, Sieglinde:
b. 1945; SPK member; 1975, joined the RAF; 1980, arrested in Paris and extradited to the FRG, sentenced to fifteen years in prison; 1995, several days before her release date, brought up on new charges based on the testimony provided by the defectors to the GDR, sentenced to life in prison; 1999, released from prison.

Hogefeld, Birgit:
b. 1956; 1984, joined the RAF; 1993, arrested following a shootout with police in Bad Kleinen, during which Wolfgang Grams was killed; 1996, received three life sentences; 2011, released from prison.

Hoppe, Werner:
b. 1949; 1970, joined the RAF; 1971, arrested; 1972, sentenced to ten years in prison; 1979, released from prison on grounds of ill health.

Jakobsmeier, Ingrid:
b. 1953; 1978, participated in the dpa occupation and sentenced to one year in prison; 1980, joined the RAF; 1984, arrested; 1993, sentenced to an additional fifteen years in prison on the basis of information provided by the defectors to the GDR.

Jünschke, Klaus:
b. 1947; SPK member; 1972, joined the RAF, arrested a few months later following the May Offensive; 1977, sentenced to life in prison; 1977, distanced himself from the RAF; 1988, pardoned.

Kamp-Münnichow, Karin:
b. 1955; alleged guerilla supporter; 1980, arrested in Paris with women from the 2JM and the RAF.

Karry, Heinz Herbert:
1920-1981; FDP politician; 1970, minister of the economy in the
Land
of Hessen; 1981, shot in the legs by the RZ for his role in Startbahn West, died as a result of a severed artery.

Keplinger, Othmar:
Austrian supporter of West German political prisoners; 1977, participated in the 2JM kidnapping of businessman Walter Palmers in Vienna, arrested in possession of weapons and ransom money at the Italian border; 1979, sentenced to five years in prison, later reduced to four years.

Khaddafi, Muammar:
1942-2011; 1969, seized control of Libya in a bloodless coup; regularly accused of masterminding or supporting terrorist attacks in the West; 2011, killed during a civil war that erupted in Libya following the events of the Arab Spring.

Klar, Christian:
b. 1952; 1976, joined the RAF; 1982, arrested; 1985, received five life sentences plus fifteen years in prison; 2007, denied clemency; 2008, released from prison.

Klein, Hans-Joachim:
b. 1947; 1974, joined the RZ; 1975, seriously injured participating in the Vienna OPEC action; 1977, left the guerilla, issuing a critical assessment and mailing it with his gun to
Spiegel;
1979, released a book critically assessing the guerilla struggle; 1998, arrested in France and extradited to the FRG, acted as a crown witness to avoid a life sentence and was sentenced to nine years in prison; 2003, pardoned.

Kletzhändler, Edith:
1923-1979; 1979, killed by a ricocheting bullet during a shootout between police and RAF members in a shopping mall in Zurich, Switzerland.

Klöckner, Michael:
b. 1955; suspected editor of
radikal;
1983, arrested for promoting terrorism; 1984, sentenced to two and a half years in prison, elected to the European Parliament on the Green ticket providing him with immunity from imprisonment; 1990, the sentence was overturned by the BGH, returned to Germany.

Klöpper, Gerald:
b. 1954; 2JM member; 1975, arrested; 1980, sentenced to eleven years and two months in prison.

Klump, Andrea:
b. 1957; 1978, worked on the Russell Tribunal; 1984, went underground to avoid arrest; 1987, sought refuge in Syria, then Lebanon, with Horst Meyer, Barbara Meyer, and Simon Thomas, all of whom were being sought by the West German police in connection with RAF activities; 1988, involved in an attempt to bomb a disco popular with U.S. military personnel in Rota, Spain; 1989, incorrectly identified as one of the people involved in the RAF assassination of Alfred Herrhausen; 1991, involved in a bombing in Budapest of a busload of Russian Jewish immigrants transiting Hungary to Israel, claimed by the Movement to Free Jerusalem; 1995, began living with Horst Meyer under an assumed name in Vienna, Austria; 1999, arrested following a shootout with police in Vienna, in which Horst Meyer was killed; 2001, sentenced to nine years in prison in connection with the attempted bombing in Rota, Spain; 2004, sentenced to an additional twelve years in connection with the Budapest, Hungary bombing.

Knoll, Michael:
1949-1978; 1977, joined the RAF; 1978, killed in an exchange of fire with the police.

Kohl, Helmut:
b. 1930; CDU politician; 1969-1976, president of Rhineland-Palatinate; 1976-1982, head of CDU/CSU parliamentary faction; 1982-1998, chancellor.

Krabbe, Hanna:
b. 1945; SPK member; 1975, joined the RAF and participated in the Holger Meins Commando's hostage taking at the West German embassy in Stockholm, where she was captured; 1977, received two life sentences; 1996, pardoned and released from prison.

Kreisky, Bruno:
1911-1990; Socialist Party of Austria member; 1959-1966, minister of foreign affairs; 1970-1983, chancellor.

Kröcher-Tiedemann, Gabriele:
1951-1995; 1972, joined 2JM; 1973, arrested; 1975, released from prison as part of a prisoner exchange for CDU politician Peter Lorenz who had been kidnapped by the 2JM; 1975, participated in the Vienna OPEC action; 1977, arrested in Switzerland following a shootout in which she shot two Swiss border guards; 1987, extradited to the FRG; 1990, acquitted on charges related to the 1975 Vienna OPEC action; 1991, released from prison; 1995, died of cancer.

Kroesen, Frederick:
b. 1923; 1979-1983, commander of the NATO Central Army Group; 1981, survived RAF assassination attempt.

Kuby, Christine:
b. 1956; 1978, joined the RAF, arrested a few months later; 1979, sentenced to life in prison; 1995 released from prison.

Kunzelmann, Dieter:
b. 1939; 1967, founding member of Kommune 1; 1969, founding member of the Tupamaros-West Berlin; 1970, arrested; 1975, released from prison; 1983-1985,
Alternative Liste
member of the West Berlin Senate.

Lapeyre, Michel:
member of the
Noyaux armés pour l'autonomie populaire,
precursor organization to
Action Directe;
1980, arrested for bombing the Paris offices of the
Bundesbahn;
1981, received amnesty.

Liewald, Waltraud:
b. 1950; 1974, went underground to form a guerilla group with Peter-Jürgen Boock and Klaus Dorff; was married to Peter-Jürgen Boock; 1976, joined the RAF, arrested a few months later in Vienna following a bank robbery; 1977, sentenced to twelve and a half years in prison.

Lochte, Christian:
1935-1991; 1981-1991, head of the Hamburg
Verfassungsschutz.

Lorenz, Peter:
1922-1987; 1969-1981, chairman of the West Berlin CDU; 1975, kidnapped by the 2JM and exchanged for five political prisoners.

Lotze, Werner:
b. 1952; 1978, joined the RAF; 1980, left the RAF and received asylum in the GDR, where he lived with his partner Christine Dümlein; 1990, arrested and cooperated with police and prosecutors; 1991, sentenced to twelve years in prison, reduced on appeal.

Loudil, Klaus Dieter:
career criminal who cooperated with the
Verfassungsschutz
in what became known as the Celle Hole, a police action meant to free guerilla prisoner Sigurd Debus in the hope he would lead police to underground members of the RAF.

Ludwig, Karl-Heinz:
b. 1943; taxi driver, arrested with Sigurd Debus in connection with an underground group.

Lummer, Heinrich:
b. 1932; CDU politician; 1981-1986, mayor and minister of the interior in West Berlin.

Magg, Karola:
b. 1949; alleged guerilla supporter; 1980, arrested in Paris with women from the 2JM and the RAF.

Mahler, Horst:
b. 1936; 1964, began acting as lawyer for the SDS and the APO; 1969, cofounded the Socialist Lawyers Collective; 1970, founding member of the RAF, arrested the same year; 1974, formally expelled from the RAF, affiliated himself with the KPD/AO; 1975, refused to leave prison as part of the Lorenz exchange; 1980, released from prison; 1997, publicly acknowledged his support for the neo-nazi
Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutschlands;
2000, joined the NPD; 2003, founded the Holocaust denial organization, the
Verein zur Rehabilitierung der wegen Bestreitens des Holocaust Verfolgten.