This Changes Everything (81 page)

57
. Bows interview,
January 14, 2013.

58
. Rebecca Willis and Nick Eyre, “Demanding Less: Why We Need a New Politics of Energy,” Green Alliance, October 2011, pp. 9, 26.

59
. FOOTNOTE: “EP Opens Option for a Common Charger for Mobile Phones,” European Commission, press release, March 13, 2014; Adam Minter,
Junkyard Planet
(New York: Bloomsbury, 2013), 6–7, 67, 70.

60
. This quote has been clarified slightly at Anderson’s
request. Paul Moseley and Patrick Byrne, “Climate Expert Targets the Affluent,” BBC, November 13, 2009.

61
. Phaedra Ellis-Lamkins, “How Climate Change Affects People of Color,”
The Root
, March 3, 2013.

62
. Tim Jackson, “Let’s Be Less Productive,”
New York Times
, May 26, 2012.

63
. John Stutz, “Climate Change, Development and the Three-Day Week,” Tellus Institute, January 2, 2008, pp. 4-5. See
also: Juliet B. Schor,
Plenitude: The New Economics of True Wealth
(New York: Penguin Press, 2010); Kyle W. Knight, Eugene A. Rosa, and Juliet B. Schor, “Could Working Less Reduce Pressures on the Environment? A Cross-National Panel Analysis of OECD Countries, 1970–2007,”
Global Environmental Change
23 (2013): 691-700.

64
. Alyssa Battistoni, “Alive in the Sunshine,”
Jacobin
13 (2014): 25.

CHAPTER
3: PUBLIC AND PAID FOR

1
. Sunita Narain, “Come Out and Claim the Road,”
Business Standard
, November 10, 2013.

2
. George Orwell,
The Lion and the Unicorn
:
Socialism and the English Genius
(London: Secker & Warburg, [1941] 1962), 64.

3
. Anna Leidreiter, “Hamburg Citizens Vote to Buy Back Energy Grid,” World Future Council Climate and Energy Commission, September 25, 2013; personal email communication
with Hans Thie, economic policy advisor, German Bundestag (Left Party), March 14, 2014.

4
. Personal email communication with Wiebke Hansen, 20 March 2014.

5
. The German data, measuring renewable electricity supply as a share of gross electricity consumption, differs slightly from the U.S. data, which measures the wind and solar share of net electricity generation: “Renewable Energy Sources in
Germany—Key Information 2013 at a Glance,” German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy, Working Group on Renewable Energy-Statistics (AGEE-Stat),
http://www.bmwi.de
; “Table 1.1.A. Net Generation from Renewable Sources: Total (All Sectors), 2004–April 2014,” Electric Power Monthly, U.S. Energy Information Administration,
http://www.eia.gov
; “Table 1.1. Net Generation by Energy Source:
Total (All Sectors), 2004–April 2014,” Electric Power Monthly, U.S. Energy Information Administration. FRANKFURT AND MUNICH: “City of Frankfurt 100% by 2050,” Go 100% Renewable Energy,
http://www.go100percent.org
; “City of Munich,” Go 100% Renewable Energy.

6
. “Factbox—German Coalition Agrees on Energy Reforms,” Reuters, November 27, 2013.

7
. Leidreiter, “Hamburg Citizens Vote to Buy Back Energy
Grid.”

8
. Nicholas Brautlecht, “Hamburg Backs EU2 Billion Buyback of Power Grids in Plebiscite,” Bloomberg, September 23, 2013; personal interview with Elisabeth Mader, spokesperson, German Association of Utilities, March 20, 2014.

9
. “Energy Referendum: Public Buy-Back of Berlin Grid Fails,”
Spiegel Online,
November 4, 2013; personal email communication with Arwen Colell, cofounder, BürgerEnergie
Berlin (Citizen Energy Berlin), March 20, 2014.

10
. Personal interview with Steve Fenberg, March 19, 2014.

11
. “Campaign for Local Power” (video), New Era Colorado, YouTube, September 1, 2013; “Boulder and Broomfield Counties’ Final 2011 Election Results,”
Daily Camera
, November 1, 2011.

12
. “Campaign for Local Power” (video), YouTube.

13
. NETHERLANDS: International Energy Agency,
Energy Policies
of IEA Countries: The Netherlands; 2008 Review
(Paris: International Energy Agency and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2009), 9–11, 62–64; AUSTRIA: International Energy Agency,
Energy Policies of IEA Countries; Austria: 2007 Review
(Paris: International Energy Agency and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2008), 11–16; NORWAY: International
Energy Agency,
Renewable Energy: Medium-Term Market Report 2012; Market Trends and Projections to 2017
(Paris: International Energy Agency and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2012), 71–76; AUSTIN: “Climate Protection Resolution No. 20070215-023,” 2013 Update, Office of Sustainability, City of Austin, p. 3,
http://www.austin texas.gov
; SACRAMENTO: “Our Renewable Energy
Portfolio,” Sacramento Municipal Utility District,
https://www.smud.org
; “Greenhouse Gas Reduction,” Sacramento Municipal Utility District,
https://www.smud.org
.; “LOBBY AS HARD AS WE CAN”: Personal interview with John Farrell, March 19, 2014.

14
. Translation provided by Tadzio Mueller. “Unser Hamburg, Unser Netz,” Hamburger Energienetze in die öffentliche Hand!,
http://unser-netz-hamburg.de
.

15
. “Energy Technology Perspectives 2012: Pathways to a Clean Energy System,” International Energy Agency, 2012, p. 149.

16
. David Hall et al., “Renewable Energy Depends on the Public Not Private Sector,” Public Services International Research Unit, University of Greenwich, June 2013, p. 2.

17
. 
Ibid.
, pp. 2, 3–5.

18
. Mark Z. Jacobson and Mark A. Delucchi, “A Plan to Power 100 Percent of the Planet
with Renewables,”
Scientific American
, November 2009, pp. 58-59; Mark Z. Jacobson and Mark A. Delucchi, “Providing All Global Energy with Wind, Water, and Solar Power, Part I: Technologies, Energy Resources, Quantities and Areas of Infrastructure, and Materials,”
Energy Policy
39 (2011): 1154–69, 1170–90.

19
. Matthew Wright and Patrick Hearps, “Zero Carbon Australia 2020: Stationary Energy Sector
Report—Executive Summary” (2nd ed.), University of Melbourne Energy Research Institute and Beyond Zero Emissions, August 2011, pp. 2, 6.

20
. As of July 2014, the NOAA researchers had presented the results of their 5-year study and expected to publish in the near future. Alexander MacDonald and Christopher Clack, “Low Cost and Low Carbon Emission Wind and Solar Energy Systems are Feasible for
Large Geographic Domains,” presentation at Sustainable Energy and Atmospheric Sciences seminar, Earth System Research Laboratory, U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, May 27, 2014; personal email communication with Alexander MacDonald, director, ESRL, and Christopher Clack, research scientist, ESRL, July 28, 2014.

21
. M. M. Hand et al., “Renewable Electricity Futures Study—Volume
1: Exploration of High-Penetration Renewable Electricity Futures,” National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2012, pp. xvii–xviii.

22
. Mark Z. Jacobson et al., “Examining the Feasibility of Converting New York State’s All-Purpose Energy Infrastructure to One Using Wind, Water, and Sunlight,”
Energy Policy
57 (2013): 585; Elisabeth Rosenthal, “Life After Oil and Gas,”
New York Times
, March 23, 2013.

23
. Louis Bergeron, “The World Can Be Powered by Alternative Energy, Using Today’s Technology, in 20–40 Years, Says Stanford Researcher Mark Z. Jacobson,” Stanford Report, January 26, 2011; Elisabeth Rosenthal, “Life After Oil and Gas,”
New York Times
, March 23, 2013.

24
. Personal interview with Nastaran Mohit, November 10, 2012.

25
. Steve Kastenbaum, “Relief from Hurricane Sandy Slow for Some,”
CNN, November 3, 2012.

26
. Johnathan Mahler, “How the Coastline Became a Place to Put the Poor,”
New York Times
, December 3, 2012; personal interview with Aria Doe, executive director, Action Center for Education and Community Development, February 3, 2013.

27
. Sarah Maslin Nir, “Down to One Hospital, Rockaway Braces for Summer Crowds,”
New York Times
, May 20, 2012; personal email communication
with Nastaran Mohit, March 28, 2014; Mohit interview, November 10, 2012.

28
. 
Ibid
.; FOOTNOTE: Greg B. Smith, “NYCHA Under Fire for Abandoning Tenants in Hurricane Sandy Aftermath,” New York
Daily News
, November 19, 2012.

29
. Mohit interview, November 10, 2012.

30
. 
Ibid.

31
. Andrew P. Wilper et. al., “Health Insurance and Mortality in U.S. Adults,”
American Journal of Public Health
99 (2009):
2289–95; Mohit, November 10, 2012.

32
. Doe interview, February 3, 2013.

33
. John Aglionby, Mark Odell, and James Pickford, “Tens of Thousands Without Power After Storm Hits Western Britain,”
Financial Times
, February 13, 2014; Tom Bawden, “St. Jude’s Day Storm: Four Dead After 99mph Winds and Night of Destruction—But at Least We Saw It Coming,”
The Independent
(London), October 29, 2013.

34
. Alex Marshall, “Environment Agency Cuts: Surviving the Surgeon’s Knife,”
The ENDS Report
, January 3, 2014; Damian Carrington, “Massive Cuts Risk England’s Ability to Deal with Floods, MPs Say,”
Guardian
, January 7, 2014; Damian Carrington, “Hundreds of UK Flood Defence Schemes Unbuilt Due to Budget Cuts,”
Guardian
, July 13, 2012.

35
. Dave Prentis, “Environment Agency Workers Are Unsung Heroes,” UNISON, January 6, 2014.

36
. EM-DAT, International Disaster Database, Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (advanced searches),
http://www.emdat.be/database
; personal email communication with Michael Mann, March 27, 2014.

37
. “Billion-Dollar Weather/Climate Disasters,” National Climatic Data Center,
http://www.ncdc .noaa.gov
; “Review of Natural Catastrophes in 2011: Earthquakes Result in Record Loss Year,” Munich RE, press release, January 4, 2012.

38
. Personal interview with Amy Bach, September 18, 2012.

39
. “Climate Change: Impacts, Vulnerabilities and Adaptation in Developing Countries,” UNFCCC, 2007, pp. 18–26, 29–38; “Agriculture Needs to Become ‘Climate-Smart,’ ” Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN,
October 28, 2010.

40
. “World Economic and Social Survey 2011: The Great Green Technological Transformation,” United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, 2011, pp. xxii, 174.

41
. The oil and gas sector was either the most represented or tied for the most represented sector in the top 20 of Fortune’s Global 500 rankings for 2012 and 2013: “Fortune Global 500,” CNN Money, 2013,
http://money.cnn.com
; “Fortune Global 500,” CNN Money, 2012,
http://money .cnn.com
. BLOCKED PROGRESS: James Hoggan with Richard Littlemore,
Climate Cover-Up: The Crusade to Deny Global Warming
(Vancouver: Greystone Books, 2009); $900 BILLION: Daniel J. Weiss, “Big Oil’s Lust for Tax Loopholes,” Center for American Progress, January 31, 2011; 2011 EARNINGS: “2011 Summary Annual Report,” ExxonMobil, p. 4; 2012 EARNINGS:
“2012 Summary Annual Report,” ExxonMobil, p. 4; “Exxon’s 2012 Profit of $44.9B Misses Record,” Associated Press, February 1, 2013.

42
. BP, for instance, pledged $8 billion for alternative energy in 2005. Saaed Shah, “BP Looks ‘Beyond Petroleum’ with $8bn Renewables Spend,”
The Independent
(London), November 29, 2005; BEYOND PETROLEUM: Terry Macalister and Eleanor Cross, “BP Rebrands on a Global
Scale,”
Guardian
, July 24, 2000; HELIOS MARK: “BP Amoco Unveils New Global Brand to Drive Growth,” press release, July 24, 2000; BROWNE: Terry Macalister and Eleanor Cross, “BP Rebrands on a Global Scale,”
Guardian
, July 24, 2000; CHEVRON: “We Agree: Oil Companies Should Support Renewable Energy” (video), Chevron, YouTube, 2010; 2009 STUDY: Daniel J. Weiss and Alexandra Kougentakis, “Big Oil Misers,”
Center for American Progress, March 31, 2009; EXECUTIVE PAY: James Osborne, “Exxon Mobil CEO Rex Tillerson Gets 15 Percent Raise to $40.3 Million,”
Dallas Morning News
, April 12, 2013.

43
. Antonia Juhasz, “Big Oil’s Lies About Alternative Energy,”
Rolling Stone
, June 25, 2013; Ben Elgin, “Chevron Dims the Lights on Green Power,” Bloomberg Businessweek, May 29, 2014; Ben Elgin, “Chevron Backpedals
Again on Renewable Energy,” Bloomberg Businessweek, June 9, 2014

44
. Brett Martel, “Jury Finds Big Tobacco Must Pay $590 Million for Stop-Smoking Programs,” Associated Press, May 21, 2004; Bruce Alpert, “U.S. Supreme Court Keeps Louisiana’s $240 Mil
lion Smoking Cessation Program Intact,”
Times-Picayune,
June 27, 2011; Sheila McNulty and Ed Crooks, “BP Oil Spill Pay-outs Hit $5bn Mark,”
Financial
Times
, August 23, 2011; Lee Howell, “Global Risks 2013,” World Economic Forum, 2013, p. 19.

45
. Marc Lee, “Building a Fair and Effective Carbon Tax to Meet BC’s Greenhouse Gas Targets,” Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, August 2012.

46
. U.S. Department of Defense emissions were calculated using the federal Greenhouse Gas Inventory for fiscal year 2011 (total Scope 1 emissions, excluding
biogenic). “Fiscal Year 2011 Greenhouse Gas Inventory,” U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, June 14, 2013,
http://energy.gov
; “Greenhouse Gas 100 Polluters Index,” Political Economy Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Amherst, June 2013,
http://www.peri.umass.edu
.