Would You Kill the Fat Man (27 page)

Anscombe, Elisabeth,
16
–
17
,
19
–
25
,
178
–
79
; on contraception,
25
,
61
; Roman Catholicism and,
25
,
61

Aquinas, St. Thomas,
19
,
26
–
28
,
177
Aristotle,
19
,
171
–
72
,
203n6
artificial intelligence,
123
–
24
artificiality of trolleyology,
100
–
101
Asian disease case,
104
–
5
Asperger’s syndrome,
149

Attard, Rina,
121
–
22

authority, actions following orders,
128
–
29
,
200n1

Ayer, A. J.,
14

Balogh, Thomas, Lord “Tommy,”
16
,
18

bathtub drowning case,
52

battery,
123

behavioral economics,
104
–
5
; Ultimatum Game and,
160
–
62

belief: cultural contexts and,
89
–
90
,
109
; Gettier and knowledge
vs.
,
89
–
90
; as innate
vs.
acquired,
162
; neurological activity and,
144
,
152
,
154
; reflective equilibrium and,
96

Bentham, Jeremy,
69
–
77
,
153
; Asperger’s Syndrome and,
149
; Benthamism,
77
–
78
,
132
,
136
; and disregard for moral intuitions,
73
–
74
; and “felicific calculus,”
70
–
72
; and natural rights,
73
; skeleton of,
68
–
69

biological warfare case,
81
–
82

boo-hooray theory,
14

Bosanquet, Bernard,
16

Bosanquet, Philippa “Pip.”
See
Foot, Philippa “Pip” Bosanquet

Bosanquet, William Sydney Bence,
15

brain injuries or abnormalities: Asperger’s syndrome,
149
; Capgras syndrome,
147
; Phineas Gage and traumatic brain injury,
137
,
148
–
49
; psychopaths,
164
; tumors,
145
–
46

Brave New World
(Huxley),
155
–
56

The Brothers Karamazov
(Dostoyevsky),
51

cannibalism,
117
–
19
,
180

Capgras syndrome,
147

cases (real life): Churchill’s dilemma,
3
–
7
; Dudley’s cannibalism,
117
–
19
; ferry killer,
119
–
21
; Gäfgen kidnapping,
44
–
46
,
50
–
51
,
181
; Johu train accident,
94
,
102
; Maltese conjoined twins,
121
–
22
; organ donation,
102
–
3

cases (theoretical): Asian disease,
104
–
5
; bathtub drowning,
52
; biological warfare case,
81
–
82
; Chinese Room case,
171
; drug case,
33
–
34
; dying violinist,
39
; experience machine case,
170
; falling ceiling case,
89
; fat man in the cave,
32
–
33
,
62
–
63
; footbridge scenarios (
See
footbridge scenarios
); Nazi thought experiment,
122
–
23
,
149
; party case,
54
; Spur (
See
Spur scenario
); Tele-Transporter case,
170
–
71
; transplant case,
33
–
34
; Tumble case,
98
–
99
,
99
,; twenty Indians case,
81
–
82
; two philosophers case,
91
–
92
; Tyrone and Chip case,
131

Categorical Imperative (Kant),
47
–
48
,
196n5

category errors,
150
–
51

Catholicism: Anscombe and (
See
Anscombe, Elisabeth
); Aquinas, Saint Thomas,
26
–
27
; and the DDE,
27
–
29
,
61

Cave case,
32
–
33
,
62
–
63

character,
171
–
72
,
203n6

Chinese Room case,
171

Chomsky, Noam,
110
–
11

Churchill, Winston,
3
–
7

Cleveland, Grover,
16
,
57
,
59
–
60
,
178

cloning,
199n1

“closeness,”
62
–
63

collateral damage,
30
–
31

compatibilism,
91
,
145
,
202n11

complexity, thought experiments and,
100

conjoined twins case,
121
–
22
,
180
–
81

Conradi, Peter,
5

consequentialism,
19
,
199n26
; Bentham and,
77
; deontology and,
50
–
51
; particularism and,
173

contraception: Anscombe and,
25
,
61

coughing man experiment,
128
–
29

The Cruel Sea
(Monsarrat),
28
–
29

culture and moral judgment,
89
–
90
,
106
–
9
,
112
,
152
,
163

Dashner, Wolfgang,
45
–
46
,
181

The Declaration of Independence
,
73

The Declaration of the Rights of Man
,
73

“A Defense of Abortion” (Foot),
39

deontology,
46
–
52
,
173
; consequentialism and,
50
–
51
; and distinction between intention and unintentional harm,
193n5
; particularism and,
173
; ticking-bomb and acceptability of torture,
49
–
50
; utilitarianism and,
182
,
202n19

Dershowitz, Alan,
49

Descartes, René:
Meditations
,
170

distance, as influence,
62
–
63
,
141
–
43

Doctrine of Double Effect (DDE): Anscombe on abortion and,
25
,
28
–
29
,
61
; Aquinas and,
27
–
28
,
177
; Doctrine of Triple Effect,
54
; Foot and,
25
,
28
,
32
–
33
; formulation of,
30
; intention and,
28
; Kamm and,
42
–
43
; Kenny and,
31
; as non-consequentialist,
51
; personal responsibility and,
31
; Scanlon and,
31
; self-defense and,
27
–
28
; Spur scenario and,
32
–
34
,
38
,
42
–
43
; Thomson and,
38
–
39
,
42
–
43

Doctrine of Triple Effect,
54

doodlebugs,
3
–
6

double agents,
5
–
7

Drug case,
33
–
34

drugs, chemical manipulation of neurological processes: and the Implicit Attitude test,
157
–
58
; and moral judgment modification,
154
–
58
; vasopressin,
156
–
57

dual neural systems,
147
–
50

Dudley, Tom,
117
–
19

duties,
19
,
22
,
34
; positive and negative,
34
,
51
,
68
,
80

dying violinist case,
39

Eichmann, Adolf,
48

emotion: Bentham’s “felicific calculus,”
70
–
71
; brain injury and impaired emotional response,
149
,
202n19
; Capgras syndrome and impaired emotional life,
147
; chemical manipulation of mood,
155
–
56
,
203n2
; memory and,
154
; and moral judgment,
132
–
34
;
vs.
reason in moral decision making,
134
,
136
–
41
,
138
–
39
,
147
–
50
,
164
; response to 3-D virtual-reality environment,
130
–
31

The Emotional Dog and Its Rational Tail
(Haidt),
132
–
33
,
148

emotivism,
194n3

equality and justice,
95
–
96

esoteric morality,
78
–
79

etiquette,
108
–
9

evil,
48
,
63
–
64
,
162
,
170
,
197n9

evolution,
141
–
44
,
154
,
166

experience machine case,
170

experimental philosophy.
See
x-phi

Extra Push case,
63
–
66
,
64
,

falling ceiling case,
89

“Fat” as discriminatory,
38

the Fat Man,
10
,
105
,
123
,
127
; on the footbridge,
36
–
38
,
139
–
40
,
182
; in the cave,
32
,
62
–
63
;
vs.
Spur,
38
–
43
,
74
,
82
–
83
,
93
,
106
–
7
,
177
; in Trap Door scenario,
139
–
40
; and utilitarianism,
68
,
132
,
138
,
153
,
158
,
182

Fat Man (atomic bomb),
23
–
24

“felicific calculus,”
70
–
72

feminism,
25

ferry killer,
119
–
21

fMRI technology,
135
–
36

Foot, M. R. D.,
18
,
24

Foot, Philippa “Pip” Bosanquet: and abortion as philosophical problem,
25
,
28
–
29
,
181
; Anscombe and,
16
–
17
,
19
,
25
,
172
; Balogh and,
16
,
18
; Cave case,
32
–
33
,
62
–
63
; and the “closeness” problem,
62
–
63
; DDE and,
28
,
32
,
34
,
176
–
77
; drug case,
33
–
34
; and duty as moral issue,
19
,
51
–
52
; family of,
15
; marriage to M.R.D, Foot,
18
; on moral absolutes,
48
; Murdoch and,
4
–
5
,
17
–
19
,
172
,
179
–
80
;
Natural Goodness
,
20
–
21
; and “ordinary language” movement,
14
–
15
; Oxfam and,
22
; political activism and,
22
; and Spur scenario,
32
–
34
,
36
,
39
–
40
; Transplant case,
33
–
34
; and virtue ethics,
19
,
172
; and Wittgenstein,
19
–
21
; WWII as context for,
4
–
5
,
10
,
15
–
16