Authors: Steven Harper
Tags: #ebook, #epub
Spirituality is a powerful force in the real world, and there's no reason it shouldn't be one for your paranormals. This isn't to say that your werewolves must all worship the moon goddess and bow to a complex pantheon of forest spirits. But you
should
at least be aware of how your paranormals view eternity. Immortals don't fear old age, but many of them can still die, and they have a long time to think about what might happen afterward. Some paranormals have firsthand experience at it. Others — angels and demons leap to mind — have their origins in spirituality, and in that case, you need to know exactly how the spirituality works.
Spirituality also lays down rules for behavior, which in turn develops character. Rules about good and evil, marriage, sex partners, treatment of children, religious rituals — all these and more are dictated by spirituality. There's oft en overlap with government.
Finally, you'll need to know your individual character's
attitude
toward spirituality. Fundamentalists follow every spiritual rule and law with terrifying zeal, and might even kill in the name of spirituality. At the other end of the spectrum are characters who scoff at the very idea of a spiritual world, even in the face of the sort of evidence only a paranormal novel might provide. Most characters will probably exist somewhere in the middle, but you need to know where they land.
A paranormal novel is an excellent place to explore alternate family structures and the impact they can have on people. True, your paranormals may very well come from a family structure similar to humans, but there's no reason they have to.
Families have pecking orders, divisions of labor, customs, traditions, in-jokes, rivalries, oral histories, black sheep, and in-laws, and all of them can benefit from a supernatural twist. Tanya Huff took the idea of a wolf pack and merged it with a human family to get the very strange Heerkens clan in
Blood Trail
, for example. In her book, brothers and sisters grow up with a close, near-telepathic bond. But when the girls reach sexual maturity — and go into heat — the boys have to be sent away so their relationships don't become incestuous.
And
family
doesn't have to mean
birth family
. It can mean any group of people that interacts as a family would. Humans form family units through marriage, adoption, deep friendship, and even circumstance. When your main character wakes up as a vampire one evening, she may discover she's joined an extended clan of undead, whether she likes it or not.
Families band together to form communities with extended customs, traditions, conflicts, and friendships all their own. In a modern setting, these communities can keep in contact with each other easily enough through electronic means. Octavia E. Butler created a wide-reaching vampire-and-human community in
Kindred
. Her vampires both feed off and safeguard their humans, physically and financially, while maintaining an intricate set of relationships with each other. The entire book revolves around the main character's relationships within her community.
When people have spare time, they play around and make stuff. Supernatural people, especially the immortal ones, have a
lot
of spare time. What do they fill it with? Bored people with power become … dangerous.
Supernatural people who live within another culture might continue to use the recreation of the normal people around them, but how much fun can it be to play basketball against normals when you can jump fifteen feet into the air? Paranormals also may feel that the social boundaries laid down by mortals are unfair or simply don't apply to them, which has an impact on the sort of art they produce and the kind of recreation they enjoy. Art and recreation can be a piece of the background, such as the terrifying vampire theater in Anne Rice's novels, or it can become the center of the story, such as the magical wine making in Laura Anne Gilman's Vineart War books.
Any foodie will tell you how culture and food feed each other. People eat what's available to them, which shapes their culture. The culture, in turn, shapes attitudes toward food. When new sources of nutrition show up, cultures integrate them according to already established cultural norms — or the people may simply refuse to eat them, based on their culture. Grasshoppers, for example, are perfectly edible for humans. Yet few Americans, who see insects as disgusting, are willing to eat them, while they're routinely enjoyed in Africa and Asia, where insects are seen as little snacks with wings.
Supernatural characters are famous for having rarified diets. Many of them hanker after human flesh or blood. Others simply need a lot of food. Feeding the dragons in Naomi Novik's
His Majesty's Dragon
and its sequels, for example, turns into a major problem. Will Laurence spends considerable time figuring out how to feed a growing — and ravenous — baby dragon when the infant Temeraire hatches unexpectedly at sea.
In the same book, we learn that English dragons eat their meat raw. Later in the series, Temeraire discovers that Chinese dragons enjoy meals prepared by high-class chefs. He acquires a taste for foreign cuisine and ultimately begins to realize how badly British dragons are treated compared to their Chinese counterparts. This leads him to try and start a revolt among English dragons, with Will Laurence as a reluctant cohort. And it all begins with food.
Your own book can benefit from addressing this issue. It goes beyond what paranormals eat. How the food is acquired is equally important, especially if the food is rare or valuable or considered strange by others. And some food (such as human blood) is illegal. Once food is acquired, someone must prepare it. Who? In human culture, women are largely in charge of food preparation. Is it the same among elves? In India among the Hindu, eating food prepared by someone from a lower caste makes the consumer impure. Do the fairies feel the same way about food prepared by humans? And, of course, many stories mention the hazards of eating supernatural food. Persephone is forced to stay in Hades after eating six pomegranate seeds, and mortals who consume food in the realm of the fair folk are doomed to remain there forever.
Eating has a culture all its own. Among humans, people consume their meals seated at low tables, perched on high stools, and lounging in front of a television. Formal meals of state are different from casual meals with family. Festival meals are special, with their own foods and traditions. And some foods are forbidden. Exploring the food rituals of your supernatural characters will enrich them, make them seem more real — and can also help move the plot forward.
Okay, so you worked out what magical powers and limitations your weretigers have. You know they're powerful hand-to-claw fighters, they have to transform into tiger form once a month during the full moon, and can change into a man-tiger form the rest of the month, but only after sunset. You know that they're waging a constant underground war with an ancient clan of mummies that have secretly taken over New Haven, Connecticut, and there's going to be a major turf battle tomorrow night. Your weretiger protagonist, an information tech geek recently turned into a sexy werecreature, is both psyched and nervous because this fight will be his initiation into the Blood Stripe Clan.
So the question is, do the weretigers have grenade launchers?
Seriously. If the weretigers have underground contacts and they really want to take out the mummies once and for all, what's stopping them from getting their claws on a few well-placed grenades and wiping them out from a safe distance? Yes, I know you want to create tension, put your protagonist in danger, and move the story forward, but you've got a serious plot hole here. The technology for long-distance combat is widely available on modern Earth, and you've established the weretigers operate an underground war, meaning they'd have access to all kinds of illegal stuff. Giving them grenade launchers would only make sense. Or maybe the weretigers could hack into the mummies' computers and wreak havoc on their financial records, destroying their stranglehold on New Haven's government and rendering them vulnerable. Your information tech protagonist would certainly have the know-how. Why are your weretigers heading into an iffy face-to-face fight when modern society presents them with so many more surefire options?
You'll need to decide what technology your supernatural people have access to, either because they developed it themselves or because they live in a society that developed it for them (say, ours). Technology, remember, is any kind of tool, not just a piece of electronics. A rock becomes technology if you use it to crack a nut. And if your paranormals come from another world entirely, you'll need to decide what technology they developed.
Technology can be subdivided into
weapons, transportation, medicine, production,
and
communication
. There are other subdivisions, but these will do for our purposes.
This includes both offensive and defensive tools. Body weaponry such as fists and claws are the most basic ones, and from there we progress to sticks, sharp sticks, stone blades, and metal blades. (Past that, and you're getting into science fiction — another topic entirely.) Projectile (thrown) weapons start with rocks and progress to spears, bows, crossbows, catapults, and eventually to chemical-driven projectiles such as bullets. And don't forget gunpowder, dynamite, plastique, nuclear bombs, and other explosives.
Many handheld weapons can also be used for defense — you can both attack and parry with a sword — but eventually it occurs to someone to invent the shield, then armor, then chainmail, and then Kevlar.
You'll need to know what weapons your supernatural people have access to — or are willing to use. It's quite possible your paranormals have a cultural aversion to a particular weapon. Perhaps the weretigers in the above example find killing enemies from a distance cowardly and dishonorable, a “weakness” the mummies intend to exploit.
How do your paranormals get from Point A to Point B? In human cultures, foot travel always comes first. Water travel develops next, when it's available, and people who figure out how to domesticate large animals oft en realize they can ride — either on the animal or behind it. The invention of the wheel leads to the cart, and here the technology stops until someone figures out internal combustion, which allows automobiles to exist. Hot-air balloons and blimps appear on the scene at some point, along with airplanes and jets and the space shuttle.
Magical talents can jiggle this process at any point. It might not even occur to teleporters to ride slow, plodding animals. Paranormals who can fly might develop different methods of mass air travel quickly, or take advantage of airborne creatures. Naomi Novik's dragons try to fly almost before they can fully walk, for example, and their humans ride right along. Dragons transport messages, too, and are the backbone of the swift courier service.
In the normal world, medical technology started with herbs and hope. It progressed to cloth bandages and stitches, then to germ theory and vaccines, and now it's gone into a dozen different directions: cloning, gene therapy, magnetic resonance imaging, laser surgery, silicone implants, Botox, and a thousand other inventions. Paranormals can change all that. They may be more or less fragile than humans. They may heal faster (always a plus if you want to hurt your hero but have him up and running a few pages later), which may inhibit medical research — why bother learning how to stitch wounds when they close on their own within moments? And some paranormals may be able to heal others magically, which might halt any desire to develop medical technology altogether.
On the other hand, your paranormals may be vulnerable to diseases or conditions that don't bother humans — and they might develop their own ways to get around it. after all, humans figure out how to solve many of life's problems, so why shouldn't intelligent paranormals? If sunlight fries your vampires, might polarized sunglasses and a good slathering of SPF 30 sunblock remedy the situation? Mercedes Lackey's elves in her SERRAted Edge books are poisoned by iron and steel, which makes driving a race car problematic for them. They solve this difficulty by using advanced plastics and special polymers in place of most of the metal. Your paranormals should be equally resourceful to be believable — unless they're supposed to be less intelligent than humans.
How do people make stuff ? Humans used to make everything individually, by hand. Then the production line was invented — and not by Henry Ford. The Egyptians used it in mummification thousands of years before Detroit was even founded. Later, machines added to — or took over — the production lines. Farms and animal husbandry were also affected. Hunting and gathering were replaced by small farms, which were replaced by large, industrial farms. Humans worked alone in the fields and hunting grounds at first, but then animals aided them, and finally machines arrived on the scene. The rise of mass production changed the face of the planet, bringing us to the edge of environmental disaster. You'll need to decide where your paranormals are on that continuum (though perhaps your people are wiser than we are).
This topic may seem boring, but it bears thinking about. Someone has to make that suit of armor, that magic wand, that cloak of invisibility. Are these items unique? Rare? Common? Mass-produced? What if your vampires figured out a way to raise humans in their version of a high-density feedlot? Applying principles of production to your book can open up entirely new plots or lines of thought.