Your Brain and Business: The Neuroscience of Great Leaders (41 page)

effect on decision making
,
31–32
explained
,
27–28
fear response in people with cortical blindness
,
31
recognizing effects of fear and anxiety
,
33–35
unconscious fear
,
30–31
negative thinking, impact on brain,
35–40
decreasing “brain pain” by focusing attention elsewhere
,
36–37
focusing on support rather than social pain
,
37–38
negative mood states and increase in pain
,
39
worry, impact on decision making
,
39–40
relevance to personal, managerial, and organization problems,
5

breach of trust
,
241–244

C

 

caudate nucleus
,
127

“CEOs and Cognitive Dissonance” (Stibel)
,
192

cerebellar hemispheres, imagery versus observation
,
142

cerebral cortex

ACC (anterior cingulate cortex)
advice-giving
,
113
change and
,
124
expert performance
,
112
explained
,
8
,
172
,
187
imagery versus observation
,
142
impact of optimism on
,
42–46
in inequity
,
68
intuitive reasoning
,
99
managing breach of trust
,
242
managing emotions
,
235–236
motivated reasoning
,
134
social isolation
,
77
targeted interventions
,
198–204
vicarious reward
,
76
DLPFC (dorsolateral PFC),
13
,
165–167
change and
,
124
emotions affecting
,
149–150
expert performance
,
112
explained
,
186
managing emotions
,
234
mirror neurons
,
79
noise reduction
,
147
in perspective-taking
,
66
short-term memory
,
129
,
148–149
targeted interventions
,
193–195
explained,
185
vmPFC (ventromedial PFC),
108
change and
,
124
explained
,
186
managing breach of trust
,
244
managing emotions
,
234–235
motivated reasoning
,
134
targeted interventions
,
195–197
in trustworthiness
,
74–75

Chakravarty, Ambar
,
93

change

actions promoting change,
170–179
brain plasticity,
158–159
challenges to,
136–137
cognitive dissonance,
171–172
commitment,
126–128
action-oriented questions
,
144–147
emotions affecting
,
149–150
imagery versus observation
,
142–144
neuroscience of
,
139–141
noise reduction
,
147
stimulating short-term memory
,
148–149
conditioning,
128–130
context in
,
132–134
long-term potentiation (LTP)
,
130–131
context for,
121
discomfort with,
12–13
emotions and,
175–176
ironic process theory,
167–169
memory consolidation,
165–170
model for,
137–139
,
157–158
motivated reasoning,
134–136
neuroscience of,
122–126
organizational context for,
156
task switching,
160–165

changing

perspective,
206
timeframe,
196

citizenship
,
77–78

coaching

brain processes
ABP (alternative brain probing)
,
249–250
cognitive perspective-taking
,
223–227
Impostor Syndrome
,
230–232
increasing innovation
,
227–230
managing ambiguity
,
244–249
managing breach of trust
,
241–244
managing cognitive flexibility
,
238–241
managing emotions
,
233–237
mirror neuron interventions
,
218–222
protocols and tools,
8
regional brain interventions
amygdala
,
204–207
anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)
,
198–204
dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC)
,
193–195
hippocampus
,
207–208
insula
,
211–214
motor cortex
,
210–211
ventral striatum
,
209–210
ventromedial PFC (vmPFC)
,
195–197

cognitive dissonance
,
12
,
171–172

cognitive flexibility
,
238–239
,
241

cognitive perspective-taking
,
223–227

coiled-spring approach (to change)
,
137

cold reasoning
,
11–12

commitment

action-oriented questions,
144–147
behavioral commitment,
138
to change,
126–128
emotions affecting,
149–150
imagery versus observation,
142–144
neuroscience of,
139–141
noise reduction,
147
stimulating short-term memory,
148–149

community
,
77–78

compassion
,
51–52

conditioning
,
128–130

context in,
132–134
long-term potentiation (LTP),
130–131

conflict resolution
,
200–201

conflicting priorities, reducing
,
200–201

conflicts of interest
,
15–16

conscious fear, impact on brain
,
28–29

consolidating memory
,
165–170

contextual conditioning
,
132–134

corpus callosum
,
124

cortical blindness and fear response
,
31

cortisol
,
110

counter-mirroring training
,
220–222

creativity.
See
innovation

crisis, planning for
,
205

cross-modal abstraction
,
96

customer service, perspective-taking and
,
65–67

D

 

debunking myths
,
6–7

decision making

effect of fear on,
31–32
positive emotions and,
46–48
worry and,
39–40

decisions

commitment to,
126–128
defined,
140

decreasing threat
,
6

deliberative reasoning
,
99

depression
,
149–150

developing coaching protocols and tools
,
8

development of brain science
,
4

diet
,
195

discomfort with change
,
12–13

displacing fear as primary emotion being processed
,
32–33

divergent thinking (DT)
,
96

DLPFC (dorsolateral PFC)
,
13
,
165–167

change and,
124
emotions affecting,
149–150
expert performance,
112
explained,
186
managing emotions,
234
mirror neurons,
79
noise reduction,
147
in perspective-taking,
66
short-term memory,
129
,
148–149
targeted interventions,
193–195

dorso
,
124

dorsolateral PFC.
See
DLPFC

DT (divergent thinking)
,
96

Dyer, Jeffrey
,
92

E

 

early detection in intuition
,
99–100

eating habits
,
195

efficiency
,
112

egalitarian social relations, preference for
,
68

embodied cognition
,
102

emotions

affecting DLPFC,
149–150
change and,
126
,
175–176
compassion,
51–52
contextual conditioning,
133
decision-making and,
11–12
,
31–32
,
46–48
emotional stake,
208
expert performance and,
112
imagery versus observation,
143
managing,
233–237
memory consolidation,
168
mirroring,
63–65
motivated reasoning,
134–136
negative emotions
conscious fear
,
28–29
displacing fear as primary emotion being processed
,
32–33
effect on decision making
,
31–32
explained
,
27–28
fear response in people with cortical blindness
,
31
recognizing effects of fear and anxiety
,
33–35
unconscious fear
,
30–31
optimism
benefits of
,
40–41
correlation with placebo response
,
41–42
impact on amygdala and ACC
,
42–46
positive emotions,
46–48
resilience and,
110

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