Authors: Tom Bower
Providing sources in books that rely on any off-the-record conversations is always unsatisfactory. Unusually, however, a considerable number of interviewees in this book agreed to go ‘on the record’. Their names appear in the text alongside their comments. However, some constraints remain. For various reasons, most did not want their names to reappear regularly in this list of sources. Some are mentioned once, some occasionally, while others go unmentioned. Assiduous readers seeking the source of a quotation may be irritated by those omissions, but using an alternative identification – such as ‘private information’ – would, I believe, be worse, so I hope the compromise is acceptable.
Unless sourced to a book, newspaper or television programme, most of the quotations in the book are from named civil servants, politicians or military personnel whom I interviewed. Regarding the references from the inquiry chaired by John Chilcot, I have only included dates when a witness gave oral evidence twice, or when his or her evidence also included a written submission. In some instances, the reference only mentions a page in the transcript.
Butler’s protests were the death
… Campbell,
Power and the People
, pp. 47, 50
‘He didn’t even ask me
…’ Butler, interview with author
‘He didn’t really get
…’ Campbell,
Power and the People
, p. 104
Simon Jenkins, another shrewd
…
The Times
, 2 May 1997
‘an old-school
…’ Powell,
The New Machiavelli
, p. 18
The first sign of
… Mandelson, interview with author
‘I’ve decided to make
…’ Butler, interview with author; Seldon,
Blair
, p. 280
‘It was my idea
…’ Blair,
A Journey,
p. 114
That, he mistakenly
… Chilcot, Wilson, 25 January 2011
‘You can keep it, Clare
’ Campbell,
Power and the People,
p. 21
Beyond that, he was oblivious
… McTernan, interview with author
‘We had come to power with
…’ Blair, pp. 204–5
He was supported by
… House of Commons, 20 November 1995 and 11 December 1995
Tim Walker and other
… Walker and Flesher, interviews with author
Many of his constituents
… McTernan, interview with author
Blair agreed with Straw
… Clarke, interview with author
‘Because I represent Blackburn
…’ Walker, interview with author
‘Straw’s also not interested
…’ O’Brien, interview with author
‘Blair’, observed Butler
… Butler, interview with author
It was clear that Straw’s
… Wilson, interview with author
‘Increase the countries on
…’ Walker, interview with author
Among those to be granted
… Flesher, interview with author
Four days after the election
… Langlands, interview with author
A plan introduced in 1988
… Rivett,
National Health Service History,
‘Labour’s Decade 1998–2007’, p. 213:
www.nhshistory.net/cvrivett.htm
‘
had not got a clue
…’ Hill, email to author
‘The state was still
…’ Blair, p. 214
Although he instinctively accepted
… Butler, interview with author
‘Save the NHS’ was
… Smith, interview with author
‘He doesn’t have the faintest
…’ Hart, interview with author
He would rely on
… Campbell,
Power and the People,
pp. 47, 50, 105–6
‘The chancellor would like
…’ Hart, interview with author
‘Go and see Gordon
…’ Langlands, interview with author
‘I can’t give these
…’ ibid.; Edwards and Fall, p. 164
Millions were spent
… Edwards and Fall, p. 158
‘We had prepared
…’ Powell, p. 177
‘Very odd-looking
…’ Campbell,
Power and the People,
p. 108;
The Blair Years,
p. 263
The 1988 Act imposed
… Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years,
p. 593
Both Left and Right
… Gillard,
Education in England: A Brief History
(2011), p. 5:
www.educationengland.org.uk/articles/25academies.html
To enforce the changes
… Barber, p. 32
They were to be reopened
… The legislation was the School Standard and Framework Act, 2 June 1998
Nearly every teacher
… Clarke, interview with author
‘Why are the schools
…’ Woodhead, interview with author
‘Yes, yes, yes
…’ Woodhead, interview with author
The Tories had told teachers
… Lupton and Obolenskaya, p. 14
Student teachers, warned Brown
… Brown, interview with author
‘It’s a sad day
…’ Bower,
The Paymaster,
pp. 135, 138
‘Peter has let his ego
…’ Campbell,
Power and the People,
pp. 105, 117, 120
Blair walked into
… Bender, interview with author
No. 10’s bright new
…’ ibid.; Campbell,
Power and the People,
p. 121
An outstanding performer
… Finlayson,
Making Sense of New Labour,
p. 16
‘Tony Blair has this week
…’
The Times
, 6 September 1997
‘change and modernise’
ibid., 8 September 1997
‘Modernisation’ was the theme
… Campbell,
Blair Years,
pp. 247–8;
Power and the People,
pp. 146, 162
To avoid further embarrassment
… Campbell,
Power and the People,
p. 86
‘In so far as
…’ Levy,
A Question of Honour,
p. 133; Campbell,
Power and the People,
pp. 171, 176–8, 198
‘Peter Mandelson seems to …’ The Times,
9 August 1997
‘well aware what …’ The Times,
27 October 1997
‘Theirs is not a relationship
…’ Turnbull and Tebbit, interviews with author
‘we’re dead
…’ Campbell,
Power and the People
, pp. 185–6
‘We do not propose
…’ ibid., pp. 191–2
‘The consequences were
…’ Blair, pp. 126–7
Events were moving
… Campbell,
Power and Responsibility,
p. 405; Levy, p. 137
The £1 million
… Campbell,
Blair Years
, pp. 257–8;
Power and the People
, p. 206
‘Our sin in this case
…’ Powell, p. 213
‘The whole of Whitehall
…’ Mosley, interview with author
‘
To my knowledge
…’ Levy, p. 137
‘
We must not let
…’ Campbell,
Power and the People
, pp. 43, 449
‘
was taking a real
…’ Campbell,
Blair Years
, p. 261; Powell, p. 214
Straw then promptly
…
Evening Standard
, 13 November 1997
‘
I think that most
…’
The Times
, 16 November 1997
‘
I’ve been hung out
…’ Ecclestone, interview with author
To avoid chaos
… Campbell,
Blair Years
, p. 262
‘
I have been evasive
…’ Campbell,
Power and the People
, pp. 208–10
‘
would return to
…’ Bender, interview with author
‘Call the dogs off
’ Powell, p. 110
‘The attention-seeking …’
Campbell
, Power and the People
, pp. 64, 94, 102–4, 108;
Blair Years
, p. 222
‘
I know we have
…’ Burridge, interview with author
‘
Clare’s sound on
…’ Guthrie, interview with author
Blair halted his ‘pompous
…’ Campbell,
Power and the People
, p. 53
‘It’s been written
…’ Tebbit and Essenhigh, interviews with author
‘He doesn’t have a clue
…’ Guthrie, interview with author
‘Now there’s a real politician’
Gibson, interview with author
Well prepared for the meeting … The Times
, 18 June 1997
‘
Believes that he was
…’ Campbell,
Blair Years
, p. 211;
Power and the People
, pp. 58–60
‘
no longer ignore
…’ Powell, pp. 263–5
‘
The world needs our leadership
’ Blair, p. xviii
The opinion polls … The Times
, 27 June 1997
‘
I have to tell you
…’ Campbell,
Power and the People
, p. 231
Robinson had been unapologetic
… Bower,
Paymaster
, p. 150
‘
He’s a sad, sad
…’ Campbell,
Power and the People
, p. 255
‘
I’m surrounded by
…’ ibid., p. 261
‘
an intriguing guide
…’
The Times
, 14 January 1998
A ponderous leader
… ibid., 20 January 1998
‘
complained interminably
…’ Powell, p. 184
‘
Tony was not a natural
…’ ibid., p. 63
‘
put the boot into
…’ Bower,
Gordon Brown
, p. 267
‘
helped by a bottle of sherry
’ Essenhigh, interview with author