| 80. Instructions, Mao Zedong, February 13, 1959, Mao wengao, vol. 8, 41-2.
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| 81. Speech, Mao Zedong, at the meeting with the delegation of eleven ambassadors, May 6, 1959, Mao wengao, vol. 8, 248-9.
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| 82. Memorandum, "Request for 54 More Advisers," PRC Foreign Ministry to Soviet Embassy to Beijing, December 29, 1958; memorandum, "Request for 13 Soviet Advisers on Intelligence and Confidential Works Related to National Defense," PRC Foreign Ministry to Soviet Embassy to Beijing, January 27, 1959; memorandum, "Request to Extend the Terms of 195 Soviet Military Advisers," PRC Foreign Ministry to Soviet Embassy to Beijing, June 24, 1959; memorandum, "Request for 8 Soviet Advisers on P-2 Missiles,'' PRC Foreign Ministry to Soviet Embassy to Beijing, September 22, 1959; memorandum, "Request to Extend the Terms of 23 Soviet Advisers on Advanced Military Technology," PRC Foreign Ministry to Soviet Embassy to Beijing, November 23, 1959; all in AVPRF, f. 0100, op. 52, p. 442, d. 3.
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| 83. Dangdai Zhongguo duiwai maoyi, 259.
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| 84. For this point, see John Lewis and Litai Xue, China's Strategic Seapower: The Politics of Force Modernization in the Nuclear Age (Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1994), 3-4.
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| 85. Minutes of conversation, Mao and two Brazilian journalists, September 2, 1958, Mao wengao, vol. 7, 373-4.
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| 86. Speeches, Mao Zedong, at the fifteenth meeting of the Supreme State Conference, September 5 and 8, 1958, ibid., 387-9.
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| 87. Memorandum, Liu Xiao to Ministry of Foreign Affairs, October 20, 1958, ibid., 487.
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| 88. Embassy in Moscow to Foreign Ministry, July 2, 1959, enclosed in Mao's instruction, July 19, 1959, ibid., vol. 8, 367.
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| 89. Speech outline, Mao at the enlarged meeting of the Central Military Commission, September 11, 1959, ibid., 523; speech outline, Mao at the CCP Politburo meeting on the international situation, December 1959, ibid., 600.
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| 90. Dangdai Zhongguo waijiao, 115-16; for an internal Soviet assessment of the
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