Constantinople: The Last Great Siege, 1453 (58 page)

Tafur, Pero
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Tana fleet
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Taygetus mountains
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Tenedos
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Tetaldi, Giacomo
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Theodora, Empress
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Theodore (brother of Constantine XI)
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Theodore of Karystes
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Theodosia, church of
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Theodosius I, Emperor
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Theodosius II, Emperor
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Theodosius wall
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,
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as a formidable defence
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unbreached
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flattened by earthquake in the fifth century
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,
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rebuilt
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described
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three defensive layers
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built by Anthemius
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the heart of the system
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the towers
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the moat
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series of gates
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posterns
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the Virgin’s protection
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maintenance and repair
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potentially vulnerable areas
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effect of cannon fire
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nine substantial holes on the eve of battle
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in modern times
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Theophanes the Confessor
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Theophilus Palaiologos
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Therapia
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Thermopylae
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Thessaloniki
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Third Military Gate (Gate of the Reds),

Constantinople
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Thomas (brother of Constantine XI)
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Thrace
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Timur
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tin
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Tokat, Anatolia
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Tophane
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Topkapi Palace, Constantinople
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Torah, the
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Tower of St Nicholas
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Trabzon, Anatolia
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trade routes
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Trapezuntios, George
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Trebizond
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Trebizond, Emperor of
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trebuchets
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Trevisano, Gabriel
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triremes
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Troy
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True Cross
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Turahan Bey
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Turkey, creation of (1923)
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Turkic Bulgars
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Turkmen
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Turkocratia
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Turks

‘faithless’
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emergence of
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homeland
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booty as a raison d’etre
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recruited into armies of the Caliph of Baghdad
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restless, mobile and tribal
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Sunni Seljuks as sultans in Baghdad
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militant Islam
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the image of the
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Tursun Bey
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Tutmose III, Pharaoh, column of
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typhus
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ulemas
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Urban II, Pope
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Valens, aqueduct of
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Valley of the Springs (Kasimpasha)
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Van
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Varna, Battle of (1444)
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Vatican
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Venetian Council of Twelve
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Venetian fleet
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Venetian Senate
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Venetians
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Fourth Crusade
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crown jewels pawned to
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rivalry with Genoese
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peace renewed with Mehmet (1451)
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Mehmet makes an example of them
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growing concern in Venetian colony
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spies
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soldiers
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galley crews
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and city gates
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ship-killing gun developed
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hard-nosed traders
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Alviso Longo’s expedition
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pope endebted to
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galleys carried to Lake Garda
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fleet seeks information about Ottoman naval intentions
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plea of Minotto, the Venetian bailey
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praised by Constantine
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captured
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harsh treatment of
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war with Mehmet
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Venice
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bronze horses of Constantinople in
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Greeks in
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Vienna
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Vikings
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Villehardouin, Geoffrey de
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Virgin

icons of
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sacred relics
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and the Theodosius wall
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constant prayer to her during sieges
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Hodegetria
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penitent procession hit by a storm
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Vlachs
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Vladislas, King of Hungary
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Wallachia
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Western Christendom
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