Gallipoli (101 page)

39.
Ibid., p. 18 (reported speech changed to direct speech).

40.
Ibid.

41.
French,
1914
, p. 144.

42.
French, Third Despatch (Aisne), 8 October 1914,
www.1914-1918.net
.

43.
French,
1914
, p. 144.

44.
Financial Times
, 20 September 1914, p. 3.

45.
French,
1914
, p. 145.

46.
Ibid.

47.
Massie,
Castles of Steel
, p. 427.

48.
Churchill to Fisher, Letter, 23 December 1914, Gilbert,
Winston S. Churchill
, Vol. III,
Companion
, Pt I, p. 327.

49.
Fisher,
Fear God and Dread Nought
, p. 166.

50.
The Sydney Morning Herald
, 10 August 1914, p. 8.

51.
Hogue,
Trooper Bluegum at the Dardanelles
, p. 24,
https://archive.org
.

52.
Jose,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. IX, p. 152.

53.
Mercury
(Hobart), 22 September 1914, p. 5.

54.
The Sydney Morning Herald
, ‘The Navies: Marauding Emden', 23 September 1914, p. 11,
http://trove.nla.gov.au
.

55.
The Sydney Morning Herald
, 22 September 1914, p. 7.

56.
Jose, Vol. IX, p. 157.

57.
Morgenthau, p. 107,
https://archive.org
.

58.
Carden to Admiralty, Telegram, 27 September 1914, NA ADM 137/96.

59.
Morgenthau, p. 110,
https://archive.org
.

60.
Ibid., p. 106.

61.
Ibid.

62.
Ibid., p. 107.

63.
For further reading, see McCarthy,
Gallipoli to the Somme
, p. 76.

64.
The Sydney Morning Herald
, 28 September 1914, p. 8.

65.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. I, p. 92.

66.
The Truth
(Melbourne), ‘A Military Camp Sensation: Salacious She and the Soldiers', 10 October 1914, p. 5,
http://trove.nla.gov.au
.

67.
Ibid.

68.
Ibid.

69.
The Argus
, ‘City Disturbance', 12 October 1914, p. 8,
http://trove.nla.gov.au
.

70.
Ibid.

71.
Clark,
A History of Australia
, p. 386.

72.
The Argus
, ‘City Disturbance', 12 October 1914, p. 8,
http://trove.nla.gov.au
.

73.
Ibid.

74.
The actual quote is, ‘as Lord Chesterfield said of the Generals of his day, “I only hope when the enemy reads the list of their names, he trembles as I do.”' Duke of Wellington,
Supplementary Despatches
, p. 582.

75.
The Journal of the Royal Australian Armoured Corps Association
, ‘The Mounted Soldiers of Australia', December 2007, No. 452, p. 3.

76.
For further reading, see Browning and Gill,
Gallipoli to Tripoli
, p. 95.

77.
For further reading, see Burness,
The Nek
.

78.
Brazier, Diary, 26 September 1914, AWM 1DRL/0147.

79.
Caulfield,
The Unknown Anzacs
, p. 11.

80.
Frame,
The Shores of Gallipoli
, p. 74.

81.
Jackh,
The Rising Crescent
, p. 117.

82.
Talaat Pasha,
Posthumous Memoirs
, p. 8,
https://ia600309.us.archive.org/19/items/PoshumousMemoirsOfTalaatPasha/collection.pdf
.

83.
Horne,
Source Records of the Great War
, Vol. II, p. 398 (reported speech changed to direct speech).

84.
Morgenthau, p. 128,
https://archive.org
.

85.
Ilhan,
Gelibolu
, p. 55.

CHAPTER THREE: FAREWELL TO AUSTRALIA

1.
Gorman, Johnson and Braddock,
With the Twenty-Second
, p. vii.

2.
The convoy will pick up the Japanese warship
Ibuki
and two more transports in two days' time off Fremantle, bringing the total number of transports to 38 and escorts to four.

3.
Paterson, A. B.,
The Sydney Morning Herald
, ‘The Transports', 8 December 1914, p. 8,
http://trove.nla.gov.au
.

4.
Ibid.

5.
Ibid. This author is tragically proud of being the only Wallaby ever to be sent from the field for violence against the All Blacks. I am told by my friend Wayne Shelford, the former All Black captain, a very proud Maori, that those words actually translate to ‘Forever and ever, be strong'.

6.
Ibid.

7.
Cochrane,
Simpson and the Donkey
, p. 71.

8.
Slade to Churchill, 30 October 1914, Minute, NA ADM 137/96.

9.
‘Report of the Committee Appointed to Investigate the Attacks on and the Enemy Defences of the Dardanelles Straits, Section IX Summary', NA ADM 186/600, p. 23.

10.
Bilgin,
Çanakkale Savaşı Günlüğü
, p. 73.

11.
Some sources indicate that the bombardment lasted for 17 minutes, while yet others claim 20 minutes.

12.
Bilgin, p. 73.

13.
The Honourable Sir Thomas Mackenzie, ‘Supplementary Report', in ‘The Final Report of the Dardanelles Commission', p. 93.

14.
Asquith,
H. H. Asquith Letters to Venetia Stanley
, Letter No. 202, 4 November 1914, p. 309. On the afternoon of 4 November, the Ottoman Ambassador in London, Tevfik Pasha, acting under instructions from Constantinople, called on Grey and asked for his passports. The following day, Britain and France declared war on Turkey.

15.
Venning, ‘The Priapic PM who Wrote Love Letters to his Mistress as he Sent a Generation Off to Die in the Trenches',
Daily Mail
, 27 April 2012,
www.dailymail.co.uk
.

16.
Ibid.

17.
Asquith's replacement in 1916, Lloyd George, was the same regarding women. Kitchener said he avoided telling military secrets to the Cabinet, as they would all tell their wives, apart from Lloyd George, who would tell someone else's wife.

18.
These figures are according to Butler, Arthur G.,
Official History of the Australian Army Medical Services
, pp. 34, 37.

19.
Langford, Diary, undated, AWM 3DRL/7454, p. 6.

20.
The London Gazette
, 5 November 1914, No. 28963, p. 8997,
www.thegazette.co.uk
.

21.
Bean, War Diary, October–December 1914, AWM 38, 3DRL606/1/1, p. 6.

22.
Kan-Karroo Kronikle
, 4 November 1914, Vol. 1, No. 3, AWM 073952, p. 3.

23.
The islands, which Australia has been controlling since 1955, were sold to Australia in 1978 by John Cecil Clunies-Ross, who was later forced into bankruptcy by the Australian Government, impelling him to leave the islands forever.

24.
Jose,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. IX, p. 180.

25.
Lochner,
Die Kaperfahrten des kleinen Kreuzers Emden
, p. 295.

26.
Jose, Vol. IX, p. 180.

27.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. I, pp. 105–6.

28.
Like
Emden
,
Sydney
was a light cruiser, albeit a heavy one: 5400 tons as against the 4000 tons of
Emden
.
Sydney
also had bigger guns and a faster top speed: 26 knots versus 24 knots. The faster ship dictates the range at which the fight takes place. As you get the upper hand, you close the range and come in for the kill.

29.
Raeder,
Der Krieg zur See, 1914–1918
, p. 68,
https://archive.org
.

30.
The Sydney Morning Herald
, 30 December 1914, p. 10.

31.
Much of this description draws heavily from Banjo Paterson's firsthand account:
The Sydney Morning Herald
, ‘The
Sydney
's Fight', 30 December 1914,
http://trove.nla.gov.au
.

32.
Paterson, ‘The
Sydney
's Fight',
The Sydney Morning Herald
, 30 December 1914, p. 10,
http://trove.nla.gov.au
. Though in Banjo Paterson's original account, the word ‘blanky' was used instead of ‘bloody', I have used what I believe the lad actually said, unburdened by the need to shield sensitive readers.

33.
This dialogue and order of procedure is a reconstruction arrived at by consulting with military historian and author Greg Blake.

34.
Jose, Vol. IX, p. 198.

35.
Ibid.

36.
Mirror
(Perth), ‘Hell on the
Emden
!', 23 November 1935, p. 22,
http://trove.nla.gov.au
(reported speech changed to direct speech).

37.
The shells are filled with a high explosive consisting chiefly of picric acid.

38.
Paterson, ‘The
Sydney
's Fight',
The Sydney Morning Herald
, 30 December 1914, p. 10,
http://trove.nla.gov.au
.

39.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. I, p. 106.

40.
Coe, Diary, 9 November 1914, AWM 2DRL/491, p. 25.

41.
Raeder, p. 80.

42.
Royal Australian Navy: Australians in World War I
.

43.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. I, p. 107.

44.
Ernie Boston (aboard HMAS
Sydney
escorting the Anzacs of Gallipoli), Track 2, Sailah,
Stories from Gallipoli
, ABC Audio.

45.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. I, p. 107.

46.
Hoddinott, Typed Manuscript, AWM MSS0791, p. 43.

47.
The Sydney Morning Herald
, 1 January 1915, p. 3.

48.
Stoker,
Straws in the Wind
, p. 76.

49.
Horne,
Source Records of the Great War
, Vol. III, p. 401.

50.
The original ‘Mussulmans' has been changed here to ‘Muslims' for the modern English reader.

51.
Horne, Vol. II, pp. 398–400.

52.
Paterson, ‘The First Force',
The Sydney Morning Herald
, 12 January 1915, p. 9,
http://trove.nla.gov.au
.

53.
Coe, Diary, 29 November 1914, AWM 2DRL/491, p. 26.

54.
Lord Northcliffe to Lord Murray of Elibank, Letter, 1 December 1914, Churchill, Randolph,
Winston S. Churchill
, Vol. II,
Companion
, Pt I, p. 288.

55.
Coe, Diary, 1 December 1914, AWM 2DRL/491, p. 79.

56.
Ibid.

57.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. I, p. 113 (reported speech changed to direct speech).

58.
Paterson, ‘The First Force',
The Sydney Morning Herald
, 12 January 1915, p. 9,
http://trove.nla.gov.au
.

59.
Drane,
Complete Anzac Gallipoli War Diary
, 15 December 1914,
http://bushroots.com
.

60.
Paterson, ‘The First Force',
The Sydney Morning Herald
, 12 January 1915, p. 9,
http://trove.nla.gov.au
.

61.
Coe, Diary, 2 December 1914, AWM 2DRL/491, p. 77.

62.
Langford, Diary, 1 December 1914, AWM 3DRL/7454, pp. 22–3.

63.
The Grand Fleet was the main fleet of the British Navy during the First World War.

64.
Hogue,
Trooper Bluegum at the Dardanelles
, p. 37,
https://archive.org
.

65.
The Chronicle
(Adelaide), ‘With our Troops in Egypt', 23 January 1915, p. 42,
http://trove.nla.gov.au
.

66.
Barwick, Diary, undated, AWM F940.26093 B296d, p. 16.

67.
Coe, Diary, 2 December 1914, AWM 2DRL/491, p. 44.

68.
Barwick, Diary, undated, AWM F940.26093 B296d, p. 16.

69.
Forrest, War Diary, 9 December 1914, p. 11.

70.
The Advertiser
(Adelaide), ‘Russian Successes', 20 January 1915, p. 7,
http://trove.nla.gov.au
.

71.
McCarthy,
Gallipoli to the Somme
, p. 88.

72.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. I, p. 115.

CHAPTER FOUR: A MAN WITH A PLAN

1.
Gilbert,
Winston S. Churchill
, Vol. III,
Companion
, Pt I, p. 344.

2.
Rayment, Diary, undated, AWM PR91/042, p. 31.

3.
Coe, Diary, undated, AWM 2DRL/491, pp. 2–3.

4.
Caulfield,
The Unknown Anzacs
, p. 28.