Lincoln in the World (63 page)

17
. Jerrold, v. 1, p. 71; Ridley,
Napoleon III
, p. 23.

18
. Jerrold, v. 1, pp. 84 (quiet and introverted), 75 (“Oui-Oui”), 93 (dressmaker), 123 (vineyards and pines); Ridley,
Napoleon III
, pp. 24 (Oui-Oui), 39–40 (hosiery shop etc).

19
. Ridley,
Napoleon III
, p. 51 (bird), 91 (local girls); Bierman,
Napoleon III
, p. 15 (“not attractive enough”).

20
. Ridley,
Napoleon III
, pp. 55 (Rubicon), 61–67 (expelled); Bierman,
Napoleon III
, pp. 18–19 (mom rescues).

21
. Simpson,
Rise of Louis Napoleon
, pp. 101, 104–5, 107–19; Ridley,
Napoleon III
, pp. 101–4; Jerrold, v. 1, pp. 332 (visit a cousin), 349 (cocked hat etc.), 354 (“Long Live Napoleon!”).

22
. Louis Napoleon to M. Vieillard, Apr. 30, 1837, in Jerrold, v. 2, pp. 6, 8–9; Ridley,
Napoleon III
, pp. 109–11 (three hundred thousand).

23
. The Disraeli recollection is in Monypenny,
Life of Benjamin Disraeli
, v. 2, pp. 93–94. On Louis Napoleon in Britain, see also Ridley,
Napoleon III
, pp. 114, 119–120; Planché,
Recollections and Reflections
, v. 2, pp. 45–46;
Courier
, Feb. 4, 1839, in Jerrold, v. 2, p. 86; Bierman,
Napoleon III
, p. 34 (Savile Row).

24
. For the Boulogne coup, see Jerrold, v. 2, pp. 123–31; Ridley,
Napoleon III
, pp. 128–32; Guérard,
Reflections on the Napoleonic Legend
, p. 148; Whitridge,
Men in Crisis
, p. 88; Gabriel, locs. 4428–40 (bacon).

25
. Hanna and Hanna, p. 5 (Joan of Arc); Louis Napoleon to Hortense Cornu, Feb. 14, 1845, in Jerrold, v. 2, pp. 305, 446 (“death in life”); Simpson,
Rise of Louis Napoleon
, p. 207; “Vergeot (
Éléonore
),” in
Dictionnaire du Second Empire
, pp. 1304–5; Smith,
Bonapartes
, p. 116; Ridley,
Napoleon III
, p. 176.

26
. For the escape from Ham, see Jerrold, v. 2, pp. 343–54; Simpson,
Rise of Louis Napoleon
, pp. 246–54; Ridley,
Napoleon III
, pp. 186–92; Bierman,
Napoleon III
, pp. 49–50.

27
. Jerrold, v. 2, pp. 388, 397–99; Bierman,
Napoleon III
, pp. 60 (“Him!”), 67 (bathwater).

28
. Ridley,
Napoleon III
, p. 203; Rosebault,
When Dana Was the Sun
, p. 44.

29
. Ridley,
Napoleon III
, pp. 283, 312; Marx, “Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte,” in Tucker, ed.,
Marx-Engels Reader
, p. 607; Bierman,
Napoleon III
, p. 86 (chicken and champagne); Gabriel, locs. 4428–40; Clay to J. R. Johnston, Jan. 11, 1853, copy and transcription in William H. Townsend Papers, University of Kentucky.

30
. Kissinger,
Diplomacy
, pp. 106–7; Ridley,
Napoleon III
, p. 348.

31
. The anecdote about the chamberlain’s instructions is in the journals of Edmond and Jules de Goncourt, entry for Mar. 15, 1862 (Baldick, ed.,
Pages from the Goncourt Journal
, p. 70). See also Bierman,
Napoleon III
, pp. 75, 129, 169, 241; Barker,
Distaff Diplomacy
, pp. 28–29; Ridley,
Napoleon III
, pp. 402–3; Tyrner-Tyrnauer,
Lincoln and the Emperors
, p. 55 (“what rascals”).

32
. Bierman,
Napoleon III
, p. 136 (fifteen thousand candles); Corti, v. 1, pp. 37 (blue eyes etc.), 39 (marriage date), 48–52 (description of court, etc.); Disraeli to Mrs. Brydges Willyams, May 1, 1855, in Buckle,
Life of Disraeli
, v. 4, pp. 4–5; Russell to Cowley, Jan. 21, 1853, Cowley Papers, BNA (“
intrigante”
). See also Barker,
Distaff Diplomacy
, pp. 3, 5; and Ridley,
Napoleon III
, p. 331 (stock exchange).

33
. Ridley,
Napoleon III
, pp. 147 (talkative), 161 (“short tempered and bossy”), 166 (dagger), 411 (bullfights); Tyrner-Tyrnauer,
Lincoln and the Emperors
, p. 60 (“war on America”).

34
. For Hidalgo’s account of the scheme’s origins, see Hidalgo to Maximilian and Charlotte, Apr. 15, 1865, “Secret Notes,” AKM, photostatic copies in LOC. Nancy Barker Nichols points out that Hidalgo’s account must be used with care, since he “always exaggerated his own role.” She notes, however, that although Maximilian had already been “sounded through regular diplomatic channels” earlier that summer, the project indeed took on new urgency that autumn with Eugénie playing “the key role in reopening the negotiation with the Archduke.” See Barker,
Distaff Diplomacy
, pp. 89–92. See also Corti, v. 1, pp. 33, 37. I have generally followed Catherine A. Phillips’s translations of the documents from the AKM in Count Corti’s book, but have occasionally altered a word here and there to more accurately reflect the text of the original documents.

35
. Hidalgo to Maximilian and Charlotte, Apr. 15, 1865, “Secret Notes,” AKM, photostatic copies in LOC. See also Corti, v. 1, pp. 78–79, 94, 98–99.

36
. Hidalgo to Maximilian and Charlotte, Apr. 15, 1865, “Secret Notes,” AKM, photostatic copies in LOC. See also Corti, v. 1, p. 101; Barker,
Distaff Diplomacy
, p. 12 (superstitions).

37
. Napoleon to Comte de Flahault, Oct. 1861, in Corti, v. 1, p. 361–62; Hanna and Hanna, p. 28 (raiding convoys).

38
. Hanna and Hanna, pp. 96–97, 126 (“29 and jobless” etc.); Corti, v. 2, p. 438 (Featherhead); Charlotte to Eugénie, Jan. 22, 1862, in Corti, v. 1, p. 322 (“holy one” etc.).

39
. Hanna and Hanna, p. 40 (troops arrive); Kennedy,
Rise and Fall of the Great Powers
, p. 169; Bell, v. 2, p. 195 (celebratory gunfire).

40
. Crook,
Diplomacy
, p. 7 (critical counterweight); Napoleon III to Forey, July 3, 1862, quoted in Perkins,
History of the Monroe Doctrine
, p. 117.

41
. Marx, “An International
Affaire Miré’s
,”
Die Presse
, May 2, 1862, in
MAC
, p. 193 (“overseas adventures”); Cowley to Russell, Dec. 7, 1862, Cowley Papers, BNA (“mistresses”); Jones,
Blue and Gray Diplomacy
, p. 72; Palmerston to Somerset, Dec. 29, 1860, Palmerston Papers, British Library.

42
. Marx, “The Intervention in Mexico (II),”
New York Daily Tribune
, Nov. 23, 1861, in
MAC
, pp. 102, 107.

43
. Seward to Dayton, Mar. 31, 1862, no. 135, Diplomatic Instructions (France), NARA; French dispatch, n.d., reprinted in the
New York Times
, Nov. 18, 1861; Seward dispatch quoted in Perkins,
History of the Monroe Doctrine
, p. 126. The quote about the “language of the Monroe Doctrine” is Perkins’s.

44
. Romero’s note on the Monroe Doctrine is in Perkins,
History of the Monroe Doctrine
, p. 127; Romero dispatch, Aug. 31, 1861, in Schoonover, ed.,
Mexican Lobby
, pp. 7–9; Seward to Corwin, no. 2, Apr. 6, 1861,
FRUS
1861, p. 65.

45
. Marx, “The Intervention in Mexico (II),”
New York Daily Tribune
, Nov. 23, 1861, in
MAC
, p. 107;
New York Times
, Nov. 17, 1861.

46
. Seward to Dayton, Mar. 31, 1862, no. 135, Diplomatic Instructions (France), NARA; Lincoln to the Senate, Dec. 17, 1861, in
CWL
, v. 5, pp. 73–74; Lincoln to the Senate, Jan. 24, 1862,
CWL
, v. 5, p. 109; Findley,
A. Lincoln
, p. 247 (loan to Mexico); Jones,
Union in Peril
, p. 76 (“foreclosing”); Corwin to Robert W. Shufeldt, June 27, 1862, Shufeldt Papers, LOC; Thomas Corwin to A. C. Allen, May 18, 1862, ALP, LOC; Hanna and Hanna, pp. 53–54; Matías Romero dispatch, July 3, 1862, in Schoonover,
Mexican Lobby
, p. 26; Crook,
Diplomacy
, p. 159; Mahin, pp. 110–21. Dean Mahin suggests that “[t]here are several reasons for doubting that Lincoln and Seward” genuinely “hoped for the implementation” of the loan treaty (Mahin, p. 113).

47
. Monaghan, p. 222; Haslip,
Crown of Mexico
, pp. 179–80 (baroque churches etc.).

48
. McPherson,
Battle Cry of Freedom
, p. 683 (thirty-five thousand); [Hay,]
Missouri Republican
, July 18, 1862, in Burlingame, ed.,
Lincoln’s Journalist
, pp. 278–81.

49
. Hanna and Hanna, p. 9 (“great unfathomed”); Mathilde quoted in Hector Fleischmann,
Napoleon III and the Women He Loved
(London: Holden and Hardingham), pp. 12–13; Kissinger,
Diplomacy
, p. 108 (“like rabbits”); [Hay,]
Missouri Republican
, Nov. 8, 1861, in Burlingame, ed.,
Lincoln’s Journalist
, p. 132 (“plots and schemes”).

50
. Lincoln, “Speech at Cooper
Union,” Feb. 27, 1860,
CWL
, v. 3, p. 541.

51
. Bigelow to Seward, Aug. 22, 1862, Despatches from U.S. Consuls (Paris), NARA (“carrion crow”).

52
. Lamon Papers, Huntington Library, San Marino, Calif., Drafts and Anecdotes, folder 6, in RW, p. 288 (Richelieu); Spencer, “The Jewett-Greeley Affair,” pp. 239 (stop the bleeding), 258 (“most friendly feelings”). See also Jones,
Blue and Gray Diplomacy
, pp. 288–89; Jones,
Lincoln
, p. 160;
ALAL
, v. 2, p. 479.

53
. Thomas,
Lincoln
, p. 377; Russell,
My Diary North and South
, pp. 399–400, entry for July 10, 1861 (Vallandigham description); Donald,
Lincoln
, p. 420 (“King Lincoln”).

54
. Vallandigham, “The Great Civil War in America (Speech in the House of Representatives, Jan. 14, 1863),” in Freidel,
Union Pamphlets of the Civil War
, v. 2, pp. 713 (“union is empire”), 734 (“accept it”). See also Jones,
Blue and Gray Diplomacy
, p. 288 (“accept it at once”); Jones,
Lincoln
, p. 159; McPherson,
Tried by War
, p. 171.

55
.
Boston Daily Journal
, Feb. 14, 1863 (“careworn and dejected”); Henry Sanford to Seward, Jan. 20, 1863, Seward Papers, University of Rochester (Latin rivalry);
New York Times
, Feb. 20, 1863, cited in Crook,
Diplomacy During the American Civil War
, pp. 160–61 (“larger Texas”); Dayton to Seward, Jan. 15, 1863, no. 255, Despatches from U.S. Ministers (France), NARA; Hamilton to Lincoln, Feb. 16, 1863, ALP, LOC. See also
ALAL-DC
, v. 2, ch. 30, pp. 3287–88; Hanna and Hanna, p. 81; Jones,
Blue and Gray Diplomacy
, p. 294; and Spencer, “Jewett-Greeley Affair,” p. 245.

56
. Nicolay and Hay,
Abraham Lincoln: A History
, v. 6, p. 359 (Kock letter); Foner, “Lincoln and Colonization,” in Foner, ed.,
Our Lincoln
, pp. 160, 163–64;
ALAL
, v. 2, pp. 395–96; Magness and Page,
Colonization After Emancipation
, pp. 8, 10, 37, 55, 118, 125, 126.

57
. Seward quoted in Harrison,
Before the Socialists
, pp. 42–43 (“Our armies”); Brooks,
Washington in Lincoln’s Time
(New York, 1895), pp. 57–58; Henry Adams to Charles Francis Adams Jr., June 25, 1863, in Ford, ed.,
Cycle of Adams Letters
, v. 2, pp. 40–41; Romero dispatch, May 16, 1862, in Schoonover, ed.,
Mexican Lobby
, p. 25. On Chancellorsville and its aftermath see also McPherson,
Battle Cry of Freedom
, pp. 638–45, 651; and McPherson,
Tried by War
, p. 177.

58
. Corti, v. 1, pp. 211 (entry date), 212 (emperor wept), 220 (posters); Hanna and Hanna, p. 87 (Te Deum); Haslip,
Crown of Mexico
, pp. 185–86 (flowers).

59
. Gurowski,
Diary
, v. 2, pp. 241–42; Burt, “Lincoln on His Own Story-Telling,”
Century
, v. 73, Feb. 1907, pp. 500–501; Keckley,
Behind the Scenes
, pp. 118–20; Helm,
Mary
,
Wife of Lincoln
, p. 226. See also Monaghan, p. 311; Shenk,
Lincoln’s Melancholy
, p. 193; Donald,
Lincoln
, p. 446; Baker, p. 227.

60
.
New York Tribune
, Sept. 26, 1861 (French lessons); Baker, pp. 192–93, 196, 200; Carroll, “Abraham Lincoln and the Minister of France,” p. 147; Keckley,
Behind the Scenes
, p. 101 (“long tail”).

61
. Hay to John G. Nicolay, Sept. 11, 1863, in Burlingame, ed.,
At Lincoln’s Side
, pp. 53–54. See also Boritt,
Lincoln and the Economics of the American
Dream
, p. 267. Boritt uses this quote in his chapter 18, titled “The Backwoods Jupiter,” to introduce an insightful discussion of Lincoln’s military strategy. See also Jones,
Abraham Lincoln
, pp. 15, 191.

62
. Nicolay and Hay,
Abraham Lincoln: A Life
, v. 5, pp. 155–56; McPherson,
Tried by War
, p. 3.

63
. Hay,
Diary
, p. 80, entry for Sept. 9, 1863 (Hooker description); Smith, “The Destruction of Fighting Joe Hooker,”
American Heritage
, v. 44, issue 6, Oct. 1993 (“Handsome Captain”); Brooks,
Washington in Lincoln’s Time
(New York, 1895), pp. 59–60; Welles,
Diary
, v. 1, p. 229, entry for Jan. 24, 1863 (I have removed a dash from the Welles quote for readability); Lincoln to Hooker, Jan. 26, 1863,
CWL
, v. 6, p. 79 (“beware of rashness”). See also Monaghan, p. 285; Burlingame,
Inner Life
, p. 81; RW, p. 472.