Authors: Greg King
12
. Walther Schwieger, War Diary for U-20, in Bailey, 336.
13
. Preston, 448, 451–52; Bailey and Ryan, 167.
14
. Preston, 201.
15
. Hoehling and Hoehling, 124;
New York Times,
May 11, 1915.
16
. Mayer Opinion, 28; Gentile, 2:297.
17
.
New York Times,
May 10, 1915.
18
. Bernard,
Cock Sparrow,
155.
19
.
New York Times,
May 10, 1915.
20
. Ellis, 75.
21
. Ibid., 69.
22
. Michael Byrne, letter of June 8, 1915, in NARA: United States Department of State, 841.857, L97/72, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
23
.
New York World,
May 10, 1915.
24
.
New York Times,
May 10, 1915.
25
.
Oldham Chronicle,
undated clipping, 1915, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
26
. Bestic, undated clipping, 1915, in Hoehling and Hoehling Archive, MS Collection 45, Box 1, Folder 60.
27
. Lauriat, 16.
28
. Morton, 105.
29
. Frederick Orr-Lewis, undated letter, John Douglas Hazen Collection, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, MG H13, Box 22, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
30
. Smith,
George,
175–76.
31
.
Toronto Daily Star,
May 10, 1915, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
32
. Frederick Orr-Lewis, undated letter, John Douglas Hazen Collection, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, MG H13, Box 22, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
33
. Bernard,
Cock Sparrow,
155–57.
34
.
New York Evening Post,
May 24, 1915;
New York Times,
May 25, 1915.
35
.
New York Times,
May 10, 1915; James Brooks deposition, in NARA: United States Department of State, 841.857 L97/80; Mayer Opinion, 64.
36
. Ellis, 44.
37
. Bernard,
Cock Sparrow,
157.
38
. Lauriat, 11.
39
.
Pittsburgh Press,
August 11, 1935, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
40
. Unidentified newspaper clipping, May 31, 1915, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
41
. Lauriat, 13–14;
Philadelphia Inquirer,
May 12, 1915, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
42
. Lauriat, 14–15.
43
. Marshall, 44–45; Hoehling and Hoehling, 138, 171.
44
. Lauriat, 76–77.
45
. Ellis, 42–43.
46
. William Turner, testimony of June 15, 1915, 106, Mersey Public Proceedings, in Bailey and Ryan Archive, Box 2.
47
. Simpson, 159.
48
. Preston, 218–19.
49
. Hoehling and Hoehling, 117.
50
. Simpson, 159; Preston, 132; Layton, 105–6.
51
. Lauriat, 15, 74.
52
. James Brooks, letter of July 13, 1955, in Hoehling and Hoehling Archive, MS Collection 45, Box 1, Folder 10;
Washington Post,
June 18, 1915; David Thomas, testimony of June 17, 1915, Mersey Public Proceedings, in Bailey and Ryan Archive, Box 2.
53
. Michael Byrne, letter of June 8, 1915, in NARA: United States Department of State, 841.857 L97.72, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
54
. Alice Lines, testimony of June 17, 1915, Mersey Public Proceedings, 1776–86, in Bailey and Ryan Archive, Box 2.
55
.
New York Times,
May 11, 1915;
Lusitania Resource.
56
.
Daily Telegraph,
April 21, 2008.
57
. Mayer Opinion, 51.
58
. Charles Bowring testimony, Mayer Hearings, 477, in Bailey and Ryan Archive, Box 6; Mayer Opinion, 44.
59
. Hoehling and Hoehling, 115.
60
.
New York Sun,
May 11, 1915.
61
. Droste and Tantum, 163.
62
. Layton, 105–6; Preston, 132.
63
. Droste and Tantum, 163.
64
. Preston, 229–30; Ellis, 44.
65
. Thomas Home, undated letter, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
66
. William Adams, statement, in NARA: United States Department of State, 841.857 L97/4.
67
.
New York Times,
June 2, 1915.
68
.
Los Angeles Times,
June 4, 1915, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
69
. Josephine Brandell deposition, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
70
. Angela Papadopoulos account, from the collection of the Baffa Trasci Amalfitani di Crucoli family, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
71
. Holbourn,
Foula,
227–28.
72
. Avis Dolphin, letter to mother, May 1915, in Sauder and Marschall, 86.
73
. Angela Papadopoulos account, from the collection of the Baffa Trasci Amalfitani di Crucoli family, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
74
. Holbourn,
Foula,
227–28.
75
. Howard Fisher, undated letter to son, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
76
. Rhondda,
This Was,
243–44.
77
. Rhondda,
Recalling,
636, in Hoehling and Hoehling Archive, MS Collection 45, Box 2, Folder 1.
78
. Rhondda,
This Was,
244.
79
. Pope,
And Then,
100–101, in Hoehling and Hoehling Archive, MS Collection 45, Box 2, Folder 1.
80
.
New York Times,
May 25, 1915.
81
. Ibid., June 2, 1915.
82
. Thomas, 97.
83
. Walther Schwieger, War Diary for U-20, in Bailey, 335–36.
84
. Bailey and Ryan, 159.
85
. Thomas, 97.
86
. Walther Schwieger, War Diary for U-20, in Bailey, 336.
CHAPTER FIFTEEN
1
. Mayer Opinion, 38–39.
2
.
New York World,
May 10, 1915.
3
.
Townsville Daily Bulletin,
March 14, 1939, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
4
. Elisabeth Lassetter, testimony of June 17, 1945, Mersey Public Proceedings, in Bailey and Ryan Archive, Box 2.
5
. Lauriat, 9–11.
6
. Ellis, 42–43.
7
. Ogden Hammond, deposition of May 21, 1915, in NARA: United States Department of State, 841.857 L/97/48.
8
. Rhondda,
This Was,
244.
9
.
Kansas City Star,
June 15, 1919, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
10
. Ellis, 42–43.
11
. Bernard,
Cock Sparrow,
156, 158.
12
.
Chicago Tribune,
May 10, 1915, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
13
. Amory,
Death,
20–22.
14
. Michael Byrne, letter of June 8, 1915, in NARA: United States Department of State, 841.857 L97/72, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
15
. Rhondda,
This Was,
244.
16
. Ellis, 127.
17
. Bestic, undated clipping, 1955, in Hoehling and Hoehling Archive, MS Collection 45, Box 1, Folder 60.
18
. Morton, 106.
19
. Ogden Hammond, deposition of May 21, 1915, in NARA: United States Department of State, 841.857 L/97/48.
20
.
New York Times,
May 10, 1915.
21
. Ibid., June 2, 1915.
22
. Robinson Pirie account, 1915, from the collection of Marika Pirie, courtesy of Michael Poirier;
New York Times,
June 2, 1915; Mayer Opinion, 48.
23
. Hoehling and Hoehling, 115; Marshall, 32.
24
. Bernard,
Cock Sparrow,
156.
25
.
New York Tribune,
May 9, 1915.
26
.
New York Times,
May 9, 1915.
27
.
Amsterdam Evening Recorder,
May 17, 1915, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
28
. Strange, 134–35.
29
. Bernard,
Cock Sparrow,
159–60.
30
. Ellis, 41.
31
.
New York Times,
May 11, 1915.
32
. James Houghton, letter to Freeman family, 1915, from the collection of Chester Nimitz Lay and Richard Bailey, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
33
. Pope,
And Then,
100–101, in Hoehling and Hoehling Archive, MS Collection 45, Box 2, Folder 1.
34
. Boulton, CBC.
35
. Gregory, 216–17.
36
. Frederick Orr-Lewis, undated letter, John Douglas Hazen Collection, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, MG H13, Box 22, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
37
.
Toronto Daily Star,
May 10, 1915, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
38
. Unidentified newspaper clipping, May 31, 1915, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
39
.
New York Times,
May 25, 1915.
40
.
Kansas City Star,
undated May 1915 clipping, courtesy of Michael Poirier;
Toronto Daily Star,
undated 1980 clipping, courtesy of Michael Poirier.
41
.
Auburn Citizen,
June 15, 1915, courtesy of Michael Poirier.