Male Sex Work and Society (42 page)

Read Male Sex Work and Society Online

Authors: Unknown

Tags: #Psychology/Human Sexuality, #Social Science/Gay Studies, #SOC012000, #PSY016000

Bimbi, D. S., Parsons, J. T., Halkitis, P. N, & Kelleher, J. (2001).
Internet male escorts: A population at risk
. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, San Francisco, CA.
Boles, J., & Elifson, K. (1998). Out of CASH: The rise and demise of a male prostitutes’ rights organization. In J. E. Elias, V. L. Bullough, V. Elias, & G. Brewer (Eds.),
Prostitution: On whores, hustlers and johns
(pp. 267-278). New York: Prometheus Books.
Bower, B. (1990). Glimpses of AIDS and male prostitution.
Science News, 138
, 380.
Browne, J., & Minichiello, V. (1995). Social meanings behind male sex work.
British Journal of Sociology, 4
, 598-622.
Browne, J., & Minichiello, V. (1996). Research directions in male sex work.
Journal of Homosexuality, 31
(4), 29-56. doi:10.1300/J082v31n04_02
Browne, J., & Minichiello, V. (1997). Promoting safer sex in the male sex work industry: A professional responsibility.
AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 11
, 353-358.
Commission on Chronic Illness. (1957).
Chronic illness in the United States
(Vol. 1). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Davies, P., & Feldman, R. (1997). Prostitute men now. In A. S. G. Scambler (Ed.),
Rethinking prostitution: Purchasing sex in the 1990s
(pp. 29-53). London: Routledge.
DeGraaf, R., Vanwesenbeeck, I., Van Zessen, G., Straver, C. J., & Visser, J. H. (1994). Male prostitutes and safe sex: Different settings, different risks.
Aids Care, 6
, 277-288.
Ditmore, M. H., & Allman, D. (2013). An analysis of the implementation of PEPFAR’s antiprostitution pledge and its implications for successful HIV prevention among organizations working with sex workers.
Journal of the International AIDS Society, 16
.
Elifson, K. W., Boles, J., & Sweat, M. (1993). Risk factors associated with HIV infection among male prostitutes.
American Journal of Public Health, 83
(1), 79-83.
Estep, R., Waldorf, D., & Marotta,, T. (1992). Sexual behavior of male prostitutes. In J. Huber & B. E. Schneider,
The social context of AIDS
. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Gaffney, J. (2007). A Co-ordinated prostitution strategy and response to paying the price—but what about the men?
Community Safety Journal, 6
(1), 27-33.
Gaffney, J. (2010).
Contemporary harm reduction & support service needs of male sex workers in the UK: The SohoBoyz male sex worker needs assessment and skills development programme
. Presented at the 21st Annual Conference of Harm Reduction International, Liverpool.
Human Rights Watch. (2012).
Sex workers at risk
. Retrieved from
http://www.hrw.org/print/reports/2012/07/19/sex-workers-risk
Jamel, J. (2011). An investigation of the incidence of client-perpetrated sexual violence against male sex workers.
International Journal of Sexual Health, 23
(1), 63-78. doi:1 0.1080/19317611.2011.537958
Joffe, H., & Dockrell, J. E. (1995). Safer sex: Lessons from the male sex industry.
Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 5
, 333-346.
Kloppot, F. (2012). Prostitutes push for N.Y. law banning condoms as evidence.
Bloomberg.com
.
Koken, J. A., Bimbi, D. S., Parsons, J. T., & Halkitis, P. N. (2004). The experience of stigma in the lives of male internet escorts.
Journal of Psychology & Human Sexuality, 16
(1), 13-32. doi:10.1300/J056v16n01_02
Kutash, K., Duchnowski, A. J., & Lynn, N. (2006).
School based mental health: An empirical guide for decision makers
. Tampa: University of South Florida, Louis de la Parte Florida Mental Health Institute, Department of Child and Family Studies, Research and Training Center for Children’s Mental Health.
McCabe, I., Acree, M., O’Mahony, F., McCabe, J., Kenny, J., Twyford, J., et al. (2011). Male street prostitution in Dublin: A psychological analysis.
Journal of Homosexuality, 58
, 998-1021. doi:10.1080/00918369.2011.598394
Mimiaga, M. J., Reisner, S. L., Tinsley, J. P., Mayer, K. H., & Safren, S. A. (2009). Street workers and internet escorts: Contextual and psychosocial factors surrounding HIV risk behavior among men who engage in sex work with other men.
Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 86
(1), 54-66. doi:10.1007/s11524-008-9316-5
Minichiello, V., Mariño, R., & Browne, J. (2001). Knowledge, risk perceptions and condom usage in male sex workers from three Australian cities
AIDS Care, 13
, 387-402. doi:10.1080/09540120120044035
Minichiello, V., Mariño, R., Browne, J., Jamieson, M., Peterson, K., Reuter, B., et al. (2000). Commercial sex between men: A prospective diary-based study.
Journal of Sex Research, 37
, 151-160.
Minichiello, V., Scott, J., & Callander, D. (2013). New pleasures and old dangers: reinventing male sex work.
Journal of Sex Research, 50
, 263-275. doi:10.1080/002244 99.2012.760189
Morse, E. V., Simon, P. M., & Burchfiel, K. E. (1999). Social environment and male sex work in the United States. In P. Aggleton (Ed.),
International perspectives on male prostitution and HIV/AIDS
(pp. 83-101). Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Morse, E. V., Simon, P. M., Osofsky, H. J., Balson, P. M., & Gaumer, H. R. (1991). The male street prostitute: A vector for transmission of HIV infection into the heterosexual world.
Social Science & Medicine, 32
, 535-539.
Mrazek, P. J., & Haggerty, R. J. (Eds.). (1994).
Reducing risks for mental disorders: Frontiers for preventive intervention research
. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
Parsons, J. T., Koken, J. A., & Bimbi, D. S. (2004). The use of the internet by gay and bisexual male escorts: Sex workers as sex educators.
AIDS Care, 16
, 1021-1035. doi:10.1080/09540120412331292405
Parsons, J. T., Koken, J. A., & Bimbi, D. S. (2007). Looking beyond HIV: Eliciting individual and community needs of male internet escorts.
Journal of Homosexuality, 53
, 219-240. doi:10.1300/J082v53n01.
Pepin, J. (2011).
The origins of AIDS
. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Pisani, E. (2008).
The wisdom of whores
. London: Granta Books.
Scott, J. (2003). A prostitute’s progress: Male prostitution in scientific discourse.
Social Semiotics, 13
, 179-199. doi:10.1080/1035033032000152606
Simon, P. M., Morse, E. V., Balson, P. M., Osofsky, H. J., & Gaumer, H. R. (1993). Barriers to human immunodeficiency virus related risk reduction among male street prostitutes.
Health Education Quarterly, 20
, 261-273.
Smith, M. D., & Seal, D. W. (2007). Sexual behavior, mental health, substance use, and HIV risk among agency-based male escorts in a small U.S. city.
International Journal of Sexual Health, 19
, 27–39.
Smith, M. D., & Seal, D. W. (2008). Motivational influences on the safer sex behavior of agency-based male sex workers.
Archives of Sexual Behavior
, 37, 845-853. doi:10.1007/s10508-008-9341-1
Waldorf, D., & Murphy, S. (1990). Intravenous drug use and syringe-sharing practices of call men and hustlers. In M. A. Plant (Ed.),
AIDS, drugs and prostitution
(pp. 109-131). London: Routledge.
Waldorf, D., Murphy, S., Lauderback, D., Reinarman, C., & Marotta, T. (1990). Needle sharing among male prostitutes: Preliminary findings of the Prospero Project.
Journal of Drug Issues, 20
, 309-334.
Weber, A. E., Craib, K. J., Chan, K., Martindale, S., Miller, M. L., Schechter, M. T., et al. (2001). Sex trade involvement and rates of human immunodeficiency virus pos-itivity among young gay and bisexual men.
International Journal of Epidemiology, 30
, 1449-1454.
WHO. (2012).
Prevention and treatment of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections for sex workers in low- and middle-income countries: Recommendations for a public health approach
. Retrieved from
http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/guidelines/sex_worker/en/index.html
Williams, M. L., Bowen, A. M., Timpson, S. C., Ross, M. W., & Atkinson, S. J. (2006). HIV prevention and street-based male sex workers: An evaluation of brief interventions.
AIDS Education and Prevention, 18
, 204-215. doi:10.1521/aeap.2006.18.3.204
Williams, M. L., Timpson, S., Klovdal, A., Bowen, A. M., Ross, M. W., & Keel, K. B. (2003). HIV risk among a sample of drug using male sex workers.
AIDS, 17
, 1402-1404. doi:10.1097/01.aids.0000072667.21517.76
_________________
*  
Figure 8.2
and
figure 8.5
are from printed and online materials distributed by HOOK Online, Inc., a U.S.-based grassroots program that supports men who are or were involved in the sex-work industry. According to its mission statement, “HOOK educates men in the sex industry, clients, and the public about sex work to reduce harm and to develop a network of service providers and nonprofit programs.” Their program is about “encouraging dialogue between men in the sex industry about choices for health and wellbeing; promoting visibility and representation of the needs and issues of men in the sex industry within public and private forums; fostering informed discussion about men in the sex industry; encouraging sex industry businesses to recognize their role as conduits in communicating with men in the sex industry by adopting harm reduction efforts as responsible business practice; [and] aiding social service providers to respond in a non-stigmatizing manner to the needs of men in the sex industry.”
We are not surprised that some male sex workers and their clients use alcohol and drugs—people do drink and people do use drugs, often to alter their perceptions of their everyday worlds. What surprises us is that people are surprised when that change occurs. Perhaps the association between male sex work and substance abuse supports deeply held prejudice against the idea that a male would freely choose to engage in sex work as an occupation. Rather than seeing using drugs and violence as forms of exploitation, researchers perhaps need to understand what purpose drugs and alcohol play in recreational sexual encounters and what such things say about masculine behavior and power relationships between men. Some of these behaviors may in fact be interpreted as a reaction to the social stigma associated with male sex work. Recent research has found that, with the increasing acceptance of male sex work as an occupation, drug and alcohol use has been decreasing among some escort groups, such as those that offer a “boyfriend experience.”

Other books

Sun and Moon, Ice and Snow by Jessica Day George
Uniform Desires (Make Mine Military Romance) by Hamilton, Sharon, Schroeder, Melissa, James, Elle, Devlin, Delilah, Madden, JM, Johnson, Cat
A Truck Full of Money by Tracy Kidder
Possess Me Please by S.K. Yule
A Dead Man's Tale by James D. Doss
Unbreak My Heart by Lorelei James
taboo4 takingitpersonal by Cheyenne McCray
Ellena by Dixie Lynn Dwyer