Nelson: Britannia's God of War (81 page)

6 Castlereagh to Nelson 27.10.1805; WO 1/282 f. 131.

7 Castlereagh to Nelson n.d. and Francis to Nelson 4.9.1805; Add. 34,930 f.247 and Add. 34,931 f. 689

8 Fremantle to Buckingham 30.9.1805; Buckingham, Duke of,
Courts
and
Cabinets
of
George
III
, London, 1855, Vol. II, p. 446

9 Duff to Wife 1.10.1805; Nicolas VII p. 70

10 Edward Codrington
Orion
to Wife 4.9.1805; Bourchier, Lady
Memoir
of
Sir 
Edward
Codrington,
London, 1873, Vol. I, p. 47

11 Codrington 20.9.1805; Bourchier p. 49

12 Nelson to Emma 1.10.1805; Nicolas VII p. 60

13 Lempriere to Collingwood 24.9.1805; Bayntun to Nelson nd; Add. 34,931 ff. 207–8

14 Nelson to Acton 30.9.1805; Nicolas VII pp. 53–4

15 Young to Nelson nd. Add 34,931 f. 219

16 Nelson to Admiralty 2.10.1805; Nicolas VII pp. 62–4

17 Senhouse to Pellew 3.10.1805; Add. 34,931 f. 253

18 Blackwood to Nelson 10.10.1805; Add. 34,931 ff. 296–7 Nelson to Blackwood 14.10.1805; Nicolas VII pp. 121–2

19 Nelson to Elliot 9.10.1805; Monserrat MS. MON/III 54

20 Knight to Nelson 5.10.1805; Add.34,931 f. 266.

21 Nelson 10.10.1805; Nicolas VII 106

22 Nelson to Admiralty 10.10.1805; Nicolas VII pp. 98–9. Pocock,
Remember
Nelson;
The
Life
of
Captain
Sir
William
Hoste
for the career of this brilliant officer.

23 Blackwood to Nelson 15.10.1805; Add. 34,931 f33o. This may the basis for the famous Nelson quote ‘Here comes Berry, we are sure to have a battle now!’ cited by Nicolas at VII p. 117.

24 Codrington 21.8.1805; Bourchier p. 46. Duff to Wife 10.10.1805; Nicolas VII p. 71

25 Admiralty to Nelson 21.9.1805; ADM 2/1363 (Secret) arrived 8.10.1805. Nelson to Admiralty 10.10.1805; Nicolas VII pp. 109–10

26 Corbett,
Trafalgar,
pp. 342–59.
Report
of
a
Committee
appointed
by
the
Admiralty
to
consider
the
tactics
employed
at
Trafalgar,
HMSO London. 1913.

27 Nelson Memorandum 9.10.1805; Nicolas VII 89–92, and Corbett pp. 447–9

28 Blackwood to Wife 23.10.1805; Nicolas VII p. 226

29 Nelson to Collingwood 9.10.1805; Nicolas VII p. 95

30 Nelson to Stewart 8.10.1805;
Cumloden
Papers

31 Blackwood to Nelson 19.10.1805; Nicolas VII pp. 130–1

32 Nelson to Collingwood 12.10.1805; Nicolas VII p. 115

33 Nelson to Emma 19 and 20.10.1805; Nelson to Horatia 19.10.1805; Nicolas VII pp. 132–3

34 Nelson Diary 21.10.1805; Nicolas VII p. 139

35 Both Blackwood, who knew him well, and Codrington, who did not, were struck by how profoundly the loss of his chief had affected the flag captain. They had missed, as have most others, the intense relationship between the two men, forged in war, and sustained through years spent working, living and relaxing together. He even cut up the one-armed admiral’s meat. All great admirals needed a Hardy, an officer to provide the calm, efficient ship administration, exemplary seamanship and emotional support that relieved them of the daily routine, to concentrate on the business of command. When Nelson asked him why they got on so well Hardy explained that it was because he knew when to let Nelson take over as captain. J. Gore,
Nelson’s
Hardy
and
his
Wife
, p. 18.

36 Blackwood to Harriet Blackwood 22.10.1805; Nicolas VII p. .225–7. Blackwood, like Codrington, considered that some of the ships at the rear of the line had not engaged at close range, as Nelson required, and were therefore derelict in their duty. Collingwood rejected such carping, after the loss of his friend, and the victory. I am indebted to Dr Michael Duffy for this observation.

37 Collingwood to Moutray 9.12.1805; Nicolas VII pp. 238–9. Collingwood to Cornwallis 26.10.1805; Cornwallis p. 412

38 Collingwood to Pasley 16.12.1805; Nicolas VII p. 241

1 Coleridge, S. T.
The
Friend
I
, pp. 574–5, from his wonderful essay on Alexander Ball. Holmes, R.
Coleridge,
Darker
Visions
, London, 1998, pp. 1–63 covers his period in Malta.

2 Barker, J.
Wordsworth:
A
Life,
pp. 337–40, 867. Published in 1807, the poem was composed between Trafalgar and the funeral. It was a Victorian favourite.

3 Pitt to Earl Nelson 9.11.180 5; Stanhope,
Life
of
Pitt
, Vol. Ill, pp. 344–5

4 Guerin,
Horatia
, p. 298

5 Hawkesbury to King 10.11.1805; Aspinall,
George
III
Vol. IV p. 364

6 Parissien,
George
IV;
The
Grand
Entertainment
, p. 27

7 Hawkesbury to Earl Nelson 12.12.1805; MON E218

8 Hood to Hawkesbury 6.1.1806; MON E387

9 Lady Bessborough to Granville Leveson Gower 9.1.1806;
Granville
II pp.154–5

10 The King to London Corporation 21,11.1805; Prince of Wales to Davison 18.12.1805; Nicolas VII pp. 306–10

11 Sidmouth, 21.1.1806, at the opening of Parliament, House of Lords; Nicolas VII p. 312

12 Lady Londonderry to Castlereagh 15.11.1805; Nicolas VII p. 323

13 Greig,
Farington
IV
p. 269–72

14 For Devis, West and the competition see Greig,
Farington IV
pp. 109n, 138, 150–9

15 Butlin, M. and Joll, E.
The
Paintings
of
J
.
M.
W.
Turner.
Vol. I Text Yale 1977 P. 39

16 Wilton,
Painting
and
Poetry;
Turner’s
Verse
Book
and
his
work
of
1804
–
1812,
p. 48

17 Erdman,
Blake;
Prophet
Against
Empire
, p 220.

18 Ibid. pp. 318–19

19 Ibid. p. 449.

20 Raine,
Blake
and
Tradition
, Vol. I p. 3 59; Raine, ‘A New Mode of Printing’ in Lucas,
William
Blake
, 1998, p. 125.

21 Erdman, p. 449

22 Coleridge,
The
Friend
pp. 551–2

23 Ibid. pp. 572–4

24 Earl Nelson to Col. MacMahan 13.2.1806; and reply of 15.2.1806; STW/8 NMM

25 Earl to Nelson Prince of Wales 16.2.1806; Earl Nelson Memorandum; Add. 34,992 ff. 105–8

26 McArthur to Earl Nelson 31.3.1806 and Earl Nelson to McArthur 4.4.1806; Add. 34,992 ff. 120–3.

27 Clarke to Earl Nelson 28.5.1806; Add. 34,992 f. 146

28 Clarke to Earl Nelson 5.1807 and nd; Add. 34,992 ff.174 and 280

29
Morning
Post
3.9.1809. Cadell and Davies to McArthur 25.7.1809, and 17.12.1809; PHB/16. The publishers were later taken over by Messrs Longman.

30 Farington records that he was at work on this piece by March 1807. IV p. 100.

31 Cadell and Davies to McArthur 22.10.1812; PHB/16

32 McArthur to Cadell and Davies 11.1.1816

33 Storey, M.
Robert
Southey:
A
Life
, pp. 210–21

34 ‘Lives of Nelson’,
Quarterly
Review
, February 1810, pp. 218–62., esp. pp. 220–4

35 Spencer Perceval (Prime Minister) to Charles Yorke (First Lord) 8.7.1811; YOY/14 NMM. Southey to Thomas Southey 28.8.1812; Curry, K. ed,
New
Letters
of
Robert
Southey
I
, London, 1965, pp. 39–41

36 Fulford, T. ‘Romanticising the Empire; The Naval Heroes of Southey, Coleridge, Austen and Marryat’, pp. 171–4

37 Eastwood, D. ‘Patriotism Personified; Robert Southey’s
Life
of
Nelson
Reconsidered’

38 Southey to Mrs Southey 25.9.1813; Curry II pp. 74–5

39 But Emma did, and complained bitterly about his ‘falsehoods’ concerning Naples. Emma to James Perry 22.4.1814; Morrison II p. 369. In this she was telling the truth, although the other half of her letter about the newly published
Nelson
Letters
is less honest.

40 Steffan and Pratt,
Byron’s
Don
Juan;
Volume
II
, 1st canto, 4th verse, p. 23

41 MacCarthy,
Byron
, 2002, p. 505

42 MacCarthy, p. 158

43 Pocock,
Remember
Nelson
, pp. 178–9

44 ‘Mad, Bad and Dangerous: The Cult of Lord Byron’: exhibition at the National Portrait Gallery, January–February 2003

45 MacCarthy, p. 195

46 MacCarthy, pp. 85, 296, 349, 383

47 Bolger, W. and Share, B.,
And
Nelson
on
his
Pillar,
1808
–
1966.

48 Yarrington, A.
The
Commemoration
of
the
Hero;
1800
–
1864.
Monuments
to
the
British
Victors
of
the
Napoleonic
Wars
, p. 131

49 Parker, H.
Herman
Melville;
A
Biography
Volume
One
1819
–
1851,
p. 147. On a later visit Melville the celebrity saw many more sights – the gallery, paintings and preserved coat at Greenwich (p. 677), including the stump of the
Victory
’s
mast and the Nelson bust placed at Windsor Castle by William IV – and he even passed by the
Victory
(p. 687). In his wanderings around London he must have seen the column and the sarcophagus in St. Paul’s, reinforcing a heightened sense of meaning. Nelson occupied a prominent place in his imagination.

50
The
Norfolk
Pillar.

51 Captain Alexander Milne to Admiralty 16.9.1838; Milne Papers NMM. MLN/101/12. I am indebted to Professor John Beeler for this reference.

52 Ramage and Ramage,
Roman
Art
;
Romulus
to
Constantine
,
pp. 88–90

53
The
Mirror
6.7.1839; Add. 38,678. Papers of E. H. Baily, who sculpted the statue

54 Salmon, ‘The Impact of the Archaeology of Rome on British Architects and their Work
c
.1750–1840’, esp. pp. 230–5

55 Crook and Port,
The
King’s
Works
VI
1973, pp. 491–4

56 Taine, H.
Notes
on
England
,
p. 9

57 Nicolas I, p. v

58 Ibid. p. xvii

59 Nicolas to Hood 29.8.184; HOO/29 NMM This file contains the Nicolas–Hood and Me Arthur correspondence.

60 Nicolas to Hood 10.5.1844; HOO/29. Nicolas Colonel Davison 17.12.1844; Eg. 2241 f. 5 makes the same point

61 Nicolas to Josiah French 12.6.1844; PHB/P/22

62 Storey, p. 323

63 Fenwick,
HMS
Victory
, p. 346

64 Ibid. p. 348.

65 Weston, N.
Daniel
Maclise:
Irish
Artist
in
Victorian
London.
Dublin, 2001

66
The
Spectacular
Career
of
Clarkson
Stanfield
1793
–
1867:
Seaman
,
Scene
Painter,
Royal
Academician
[Stanfield] pp. 108–111, 17–18

67 Ibid. pp. 163–4