Of Beards and Men: The Revealing History of Facial Hair (41 page)

Charles I (king of England),
135

Charles II (king of England),
134

Charles V (Holy Roman emperor),
105–6
,
109

Charles V (king of France),
102

Charles X (king of France),
157–58

Chartists,
171–72

Chicago,
12
,
14
,
204
,
206–7
,
217
,
220–21
,
225
,
232
,
237
,
239
,
243
,
253
,
269

Chilton, Gary James,
285

chivalry,
148
,
153
,
163–64
,
170

Chrysippus,
48

Cistercians,
89–94
,
98

Civil Liberties Union,
253

Civil War (Britain),
130

Civil War (US),
176

civil wars (France),
114
,
130
,
133

Clement of Alexandria,
75

Clement VII, Pope,
109–10

Clofullia, Josephine,
191–93

Clooney, George,
264–65

clothing: of 1960s youth,
242
; Amish
137
,
276–77
; of bears,
269
; of Beckham,
261–63
; of Charlemagne,
82
; in Disney dress code,
259
; eighteenth-century,
149
,
130–33
,
145
; of fundamentalist Muslims,
277
; of Hatshepsut,
29–30
; of Hitler,
226
,
228
; of Lawrence of Arabia,
214–15
,
316n2
; of Louis XIV,
130–33
; of lumbersexuals,
268
; of Magdalena Ventura,
125
; masculinity of dark,
155–56
,
267
; in McDonald’s dress code,
251
; medieval,
89–90
,
97
,
103–4
; of metrosexuals,
266
; of Orthodox Jews,
277
; of Rick Warren,
272
; of romantics,
153
,
157
; Russians adopt Western style,
139
,
142
; and spirit of the age,
174
; of Stalin,
226
,
228
; tearing in grief,
22–23
.
See also
wigs

Coad, David,
264

Colman, Ronald,
222

Columbus, Christopher,
114

Conservative Party (Britain),
257–58

Constantia,
65

Constantine (Roman emperor),
59–60
,
65
,
82–83

Constantinople,
72–73
,
104

Cook, Robin,
258

Copernicus Nicholas,
121–22

Coubertin, Baron Pierre de,
202

court cases,
241–42
,
251–55
,
259
,
275–77
,
282
;
Kelley v. Johnson
,
1
,
253–55
;
Domico v. Rapides Parish School Board
,
254

cricket,
198–99
,
201
,
203
,
212

Crimean War,
289

Crosby, Bing,
224

Crosby, David,
236
,
243

Crusades,
95
,
99–101
,
104

Cunningham, Michael,
15

Cynics,
55

Daivari, Shawn,
266

Darius,
39

Darling, Alistair,
258

Darwin, Charles,
7–10

David (king of Israel),
31–34
,
77

Debay, Auguste,
188

Declaration of Independence (US),
155

Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen (France),
155

Deer, Emilie Spencer,
233

Deir el-Bahri,
28–30

Delacroix, Eugène,
158–59

Delilah,
33

Dewey, Thomas,
230–34

Dickens, Charles,
182
,
186

Diderot, Denis,
145

Dio Chrysostom,
56

Diocletian (Roman emperor),
58–59

Dionysus,
66

Disney.
See
Walt Disney Company

Dobson, Frank,
256–57

Doctor, The
,
195–96

Doryphoros,
48–49
,
52

Duck Dynasty
,
1
,
270–74

Dulaure, Jacques,
147–49

Ectoff, Nancy,
10
,
16

Edward III (king of England),
170

Efron, Edith,
232

Eglinton, Lord.
See
Montgomerie, Archibald (Earl of Eglinton)

Egypt, ancient
3
,
19
,
22
,
24
,
27–31
,
34
,
37
,
39–40
,
74
; modern,
214–15
,
280

Eleanor of Aquitaine,
97–98

electrolysis,
193–94

Emerson, Ralph Waldo,
161

Enfantin, Barthélémi-Prosper,
159

Engels, Friedrich,
170–71
,
228

Enlightenment,
130
,
145–49

Enlil,
20–21
,
24

Epictetus,
54–57

Epicurians,
55

erastes,
46

eromenos,
46

Essarhaddon,
34

Essary, Helen,
232–33

eunuchs,
35–36
,
123

Euripides,
42

Euro-Disney,
258–59
.
See also
Walt Disney Company

Eusebius, Bishop,
65
,
68

Evangelicals,
270–74

Fairbanks, Douglas, Jr.,
222

Fairbanks, Douglas, Sr.,
222

Fangé, Augustin,
146
,
148

fashion cycle,
1–2
,
38
,
289

femininity: creation of,
2
,
290
; and long hair,
96
,
137
,
276
; and metrosexuality,
261–66
,
268–69
; of shaving,
42
,
56–57
,
61
,
71
,
89
,
96
,
111–12
,
114
,
264–66
,
276
.
See also
women

Field of Cloth of Gold,
106–8

Fildes, Luke,
194–97

Fingers, Rollie,
249

Finley, Charlie,
249

Finot, Paul,
241–42

Firth, Colin,
268

Flandrin, Hippolyte,
179

Flocker, Michael,
265–66

Flynn, Errol,
222
,
225

Francis I (king of France),
105–9
,
148
,
289

Frankfurt Parliament,
172

Franks,
79
,
81–82
,
94–95
,
149

French Revolution,
147
149–52
,
155
,
199

French Revolution of 1830,
157–60

Freud, Sigmund,
18
,
33–34

Furetière, Antoine,
146

Gable, Clark,
221–25
,
230–32
,
234

Galen,
57–58
,
121–22

Galla, Saint,
127

Gandhi, Mohandas,
236

Garrison, William Lloyd,
162

Gaugamela,
39–40

gays,
263–65
,
267–70
,
287–88

George V (king of Great Britain),
215

Gericault, Theodore,
168–69

Gillette, King C.,
218
,
289

Gillette Company,
240

Gone With the Wind
,
223–24

Gonzales sisters,
127–28

Gospels,
64–66
,
68
,
77
.
See also
Bible

Gowing, Thomas S.,
186
,
189

Grace, William Gilbert,
198–203
,
212

Grant, Ulysses,
176

Grattan, Thomas C.,
201

Greece, ancient,
3
,
38–57
,
61–62
,
111
,
148
,
157

Greene, Robert,
116

Gregory I (the Great), Pope,
84–85
,
93

Gregory II, Pope,
83

Gregory VII, Pope,
85–89
,
104
,
148

Guevara, Che,
246–48

Günzburg, Johan Eberlin von
114

Guthrie, R. Dale,
13–14

gymnastics,
152–55
,
203–4
.
See also
sports

Haby, Francois,
211

Hadrian (Roman emperor),
3
,
52
—57,
62
,
148
,
289

hair: of Amish,
137
,
275–77
; ancient Greek theories about,
43–44
; athletes remove,
203–4
,
207–8
,
220
; of Beckham,
265–66
; of the body,
36
,
75
,
117
,
125
,
127
,
146
,
194
,
207–8
,
243
,
255
,
261
,
264–67
,
315n47
; Caesar removes,
51–52
; of Christ,
63
,
66
,
68–69
,
71–72
,
74
; churches favor short,
82–83
,
88
,
274
; of conservative Muslims,
280–81
; electrical properties,
188
; of Francis I,
107
; of Franks,
82
,
94
,
150
; of Henry VIII,
108
; of Hussars,
168
; as impurity,
19
,
22–24
; and libido,
34
; linked to sin,
84
,
93
,
113
; magic qualities,
32–33
; and manly honor,
37
,
57
,
128
,
153–54
; medieval theories about,
92–93
; in mourning rituals,
22–23
; and myth of the wild man;
115
,
255–56
; Olmo’s theory about,
122
; opposition to long hair,
88
,
96
,
243–44
,
247
,
250–53
,
259
,
271
; in Ovid,
116–17
; philosophers and,
55–57
; preserved in afterlife,
77
,
94
; of priests,
22
,
36
,
83–84
; protest and long hair,
150
,
158–60
,
235–40
,
242–47
,
251
,
270
; pubic,
267
; Renaissance pride in,
115
; as representing worldly thoughts,
84–85
,
93
,
303n9
; in the resurrection,
77
,
94
; return to natural hair,
155
; in Russia,
142
; sanctified,
36
; Schopenhauer’s theory of,
174
; in Shakespeare’s plays,
120
; sociological study of,
18
; and strength,
33–34
,
40
,
42–43
,
45
,
255
,
284
; styles reflect gender ideals,
2
; of Templars,
100–101
; as threat device,
14
; transition to false,
134–35
; of women,
43–44
;
92
,
96
,
125–29
,
137
,
146
,
194
;
275–77
,
315n47
.
See also
baldness
;
beard
;
hypertrichosis universalis
;
mustache
;
wigs

Hair
(musical),
239

Hamburg,
243

Hamdy, Ahmed,
280

handicap principle,
11

Hartlaub, Peter,
263
,
265

Hārūn ibn Yahā,
84

Hatshepsut, Queen of Egypt,
28–31

Hauff, Hermann,
162

Hebrews, ancient,
22
,
31–34
,
36–37
,
106
,
148
,
277

Henry, Léon,
189

Henry II (king of England),
94–96

Henry IV (king of the Germans),
86–87

Henry VIII (king of England),
105–9

Heracles,
3
,
45–47
,
52
,
61
,
300n16

Hermes,
46
,
65–66

Hernani
, Battle of the,
158

Hernu, Charles,
256

Hervet, Gentien,
112–14

Herzl, Theodor,
279

Higginson, Thomas Wentworth,
202

Hildegard of Bingen,
92

Hillman, James,
255–56

Hippocrates,
43
,
57
,
128

hipsters,
268

Hitler, Adolf,
226–32
,
234

Hittites,
27–28

Hollywood,
2
,
221–25
,
234
,
287

Holy City Beard and Mustache Society,
286

Holy Roman Empire,
85–89
,
105
,
109

Homer,
42–43
,
45
,
106
,
157
. See also
Iliad