45
. Gerald R. Ford,
A Time To Heal
(New York: Harper & Row, 1979), 327.
46
. Ford
, A Time To Heal
, 328.
47
. Hannaford, discussion.
48
. John Sears, in discussion with the author, March 18, 2004.
49
. Sears, discussion.
50
. Nessen
, It Sure Looks Different
, 163.
51
. Nessen
, It Sure Looks Different
, 164.
52
. Memorandum by Dick Cheney, October 23, 1975, White House Operations, Richard Cheney Files, Box 17, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
53
. Memorandum by Dick Cheney, October 23, 1975.
54
. Brief, “The President Ford Committee Campaign Plan,” August 29, 1975, Howard Callaway Files, Box 1, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
55
. Brief, “The President Ford Committee Campaign Plan.”
56
. Brief, “The President Ford Committee Campaign Plan.”
57
. Brief, “The President Ford Committee Campaign Plan.”
58
. Brief, “The President Ford Committee Campaign Plan.”
59
. Brief, “The President Ford Committee Campaign Plan.”
60
. Brief, “The President Ford Committee Campaign Plan.”
61
. Brief, “The President Ford Committee Campaign Plan.”
62
. Martha Angle, “GOP Liberals Look to Baker to Counter Moves to Right,”
Washington Star
, November 13, 1975.
63
. Martha Angle, “GOP Liberals Look to Baker to Counter Moves to Right,”
Washington Star
, November 13, 1975.
64
. Martha Angle, “Goldwater Leaves Door Open on Support For Reagan,”
Washington Star
, November 15, 1975.
65
. Memorandum, unsigned, November 3, 1975, White House Operations, Foster Chanock Files, Box 4, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
66
. Memorandum, unsigned, November 3, 1975.
67
. Lou Cannon and David Broder, “Ford Hopes for Last Laugh,”
Washington Post
, January 4, 1976.
68
. Jerald terHorst, “Ronald Reagan Places His Bet,”
Chicago Tribune
, November 21, 1975, as quoted in a memorandum by Ron Nessen, November 21, 1975, White House Central Files, Box 16, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
69
. Memorandum by Peter Kaye, White House Operations, Richard Cheney Files, Box 19, January 21, 1976, Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
70
. Jim Lake, in discussion with the author, January 16, 2004.
71
. David Keene, in discussion with the author, March 3, 2004.
72
. Lou Cannon, in discussion with the author, June 28, 2004; Stuart Spencer, in discussion with the author, June 21, 2004.
73
. Nessen,
It Sure Looks Different
, 190.
74
. Memorandum by Jim Shuman, November 21, 1975, White House Central Files, Box 16, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
75
. Memorandum by Robert Teeter, November 12, 1975, “Analysis of Early Research,” Robert Teeter Papers, 67-77, Box 63, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
76
. Memorandum by Robert Teeter, December 11, 1975, “Momentum,” Robert Teeter Papers, 67-77, Box 63, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
77
. Memorandum by Robert Teeter, November 12, 1975, “Analysis of Early Research.”
CHAPTER FOUR — Citizens for Reagan, Take One
1
. Steven F. Hayward,
The Age of Reagan: The Fall of the Old Liberal Order, 1964-1980
(Roseville, CA: Forum, 2001), 450.
2
. Roger Stone, in discussion with the author, April 5, 2004.
3
. Eddie Mahe and Ladonna Lee, in discussion with the author, March 5, 2004.
4
. Lyn Nofziger, in discussion with the author, 2004.
5
. Peter Hannaford, in discussion with the author, January 8, 2004.
6
. Michael Deaver, in discussion with the author, December 23, 2003. Reagan scrawled most of these in longhand on yellow legal pads. To see many of these reproduced, see
Reagan, in
His Own Hand: The Writings of Ronald Reagan That Reveal His Revolutionary Vision for
America
, Skinner et al, eds., (New York: Free Press, 2001).
7
. Richard Reeves,
A Ford, Not a Lincoln
(New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1975), 47.
8
. Mahe and Lee, discussion.
9
. Hannaford, discussion.
10
. Deaver, discussion.
11
. Nofziger, discussion.
12
. Deaver, discussion; Hannaford, discussion.
13
. Lou Cannon,
Reagan
(New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1982), 199.
14
. Cannon,
Reagan,
199.
15
. Rowland Evans and Robert Novak,
The Reagan Revolution
(New York: E.P. Dutton, 1981), 45.
16
. Robert T. Hartmann,
Palace Politics: An Inside Account of the Ford Years
(New York: McGraw-Hill, 1980), 334-335.
17
. Loren Smith, in discussion with the author, July 29, 2004; Bruce Eberle, in discussion with the author, April 28, 2004.
18
. John Sears, in discussion with the author, March 18, 2004.
19
. Sears, discussion.
20
. Robert T. Nakamura, “Impressions of Ford and Reagan,”
Political Science Quarterly
, vol. 92, no. 4: 647-654.
21
. James A. Baker, in discussion with the author, March 25, 2004.
22
. David Keene, in discussion with the author, December 16, 2003.
23
. Tom Ellis, in discussion with the author, May 10, 2004.
24
. Sears, discussion.
25
. “Reaction to Reagan Announcement (If asked),” July 15, 1975, Ron Nessen Papers, 74-77, Box 39, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
26
. Ronald Reagan to Paul Laxalt, July 14, 1975, Reagan Candidacy, President Ford Committee Records, 75-76, Box D13, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
27
. Frank Donatelli, in discussion with the author, April 2, 2004.
28
. Loren Smith to Federal Election Commission, October 14, 1975, Reagan Candidacy, President Ford Committee Records, 75-76, Box D13, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
29
. Bob Visser to Peter Kaye, November 16, 1975, “Ronald Reagan Candidacy,” Reagan Candidacy, President Ford Committee Records, 75-76, Box D13, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
30
. Deaver, discussion.
31
. Neal Peden, in discussion with the author, 2004.
32
. Jeff Bell, in discussion with the author, May 5, 2004.
33
. Bell, discussion.
34
. Jules Witcover,
Marathon: The Pursuit of the Presidency, 1972-1976
(New York: Viking Press, 1977), 375-376.
35
. Peter Hannaford,
The Reagans: A Political Portrait
(New York: Coward-McCann, 1983), 30. 36. Confidential interview, March 2004.
37
. Cannon,
Reagan,
204.
38
. Memorandum by Gerald Ford to James T. Lynn, October 18, 1975, White House Operations, Richard Cheney Files, 1974-77, Box 19, Gerald Ford Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
39
. Sears, discussion.
40
. Mahe and Lee, discussion.
41
. David Nyhan, “Ford Wants Abortion Left Up to States,”
Boston Globe
, February 4, 1976.
42
. Hannaford,
The Reagans,
75.
CHAPTER FIVE — Setting the Stage
1
. R.W. Apple, “Reagan’s Challenge for Leadership of Republican Party: Assets and Liabilities,”
New York Times
, November 21, 1975.
2
. Becki Black Donatelli, in discussion with the author, January 15, 2004.
3
. Gerald R. Ford,
A Time To Heal
(New York: Harper & Row, 1979), 333.
4
. Jim Lake, in discussion with the author, January 16, 2004.
5
. Peter Hannaford, in discussion with the author, January 8, 2004.
6
. Michael Deaver, in discussion with the author, December 23, 2003.
7
. Deaver, discussion.
8
. Deaver, discussion.
9
. Deaver, discussion.
10
. “Reaction to the Reagan Announcement,” November 20, 1975, Ron Nessen Papers, Box 39, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
11
. “Reaction to the Reagan Announcement,” November 20, 1975.
12
. Larry Kudlow, in discussion with the author, March 8, 2004.
13
. William F. Buckley, “Reagan’s Performance is Exhilarating,”
Washington Star
, November 25, 1975.
14
. “Manifest For UAL 5776: LAX to MAN,” January 5, 1976, California Office Scheduling, Dec. 11, 1975 – Jan. 1976, Box 80, Campaign, Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley, CA.
15
. “The President Ford Committee’s Reaction to R. Reagan Announcement,” November 20, 1975, President Ford Committee Records, A4, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
16
. Memorandum by Ron Nessen, November 21, 1975, White House Central Files, Box 16, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
17
. Jim Squires, “‘U.S. Needs New Course;’ Reagan to oppose Ford,”
Chicago Tribune
, November 21, 1975, as quoted in Ron Nessen’s memorandum, November 21, 1975.
18
. Apple,
New York Times
, November 21, 1975.
19
. Jerry H. Jones to Dick Cheney, November 20, 1975, Jerry Jones Files, 74-77, Box 25, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
20
. Jerry H. Jones to Dick Cheney, November 21, 1975, Jerry Jones Files, 74-77, Box 25, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
21
. Barry Serafin,
CBS Evening News,
November 20, 1975, CBS, White House Communications Collection, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI
22
. David Keene, in discussion with the author, March 3, 2004.
23
. Jack W. Germond, “Reagan Challenges Right of Ford to GOP Nomination,”
Washington
Star
, November 20, 1975.
24
.
New York Times
, “Enter Reagan,” November 20, 1975.
25
. Tom Pettit,
NBC Nightly News
, November 20, 1975, NBC, White House Communications Agency Collection, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
26
. Howard K. Smith,
ABC News
, November 20, 1976, ABC, White House Communications Agency Collection, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
27
. Jules Witcover,
Marathon: The Pursuit of the Presidency, 1972-1976
(New York: Viking Press, 1977), 56.
28
. Nancy Reynolds, in discussion with the author, February 25, 2004.
29
. James R. Dickenson, “Presidential Hopefuls Share a Dreadful Bond,”
Washington Star
, November 21, 1975.
30
. Dickenson,
Washington Star
, November 21, 1975.
31
. James R. Dickenson, “Reagan’s Opening Salvos Unmuffled By Toy Gun Scare,”
Washington
Star
, November 21, 1975.
32
. Associated Press, “Reagan’s Old Films Off TV for a While,”
Washington Star
, November 23, 1975.
33
. Paul E. Boller Jr.,
Presidential Anecdotes
(New York: Penguin, 1981), 349.
34
. Benjamin Taylor, “GOP Contest Lead Seesaws Into Morning,”
Boston Globe
, February 25, 1976.
35
. Witcover,
Marathon
, 73.
36
. Witcover,
Marathon
, 74.
37
. Memorandum by Bo Callaway, President Ford Committee Records, Box A7, 22 September 1975, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
38
. Benjamin Taylor, “The Power of Ford Incumbency is Reagan’s Biggest Problem,”
Boston
Globe
, February 12, 1976.
39
. Elizabeth Drew,
American Journal: The Events of 1976
(New York: Vintage Books, 1976), 26.
40
. Witcover,
Marathon
, 378.
41
. Ronald Reagan, interview by Bob Clark and Frank Reynolds,
Issues and Answers
, ABC, November 30, 1975, as quoted in a memorandum by Ron Nessen, Ron Nessen Files, Box 67, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
42
. Rowland Evans and Robert Novak, “Ronald Reagan’s ‘$90-Billion Scheme,’” December 9, 1975, as quoted in Jerry Jones Files, Box 25, Ford Presidential Library.
43
. Memorandum, unsigned, “Four Scenarios,” White House Operations, Richard Cheney Files, Box 17, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
44
.
Newsweek
, “The Candidates’ Men,” February 23, 1976, 22.
45
. Ford,
A Time To Heal
, 345.
46
. Memorandum by Dave Liggett, December 15, 1975, President Ford Committee Records, Box D13, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
47
. Stuart Spencer, in discussion with the author, June 21, 2004.
48
. Memorandum by Jim Falk, 9 January 1976, President Ford Committee Records, Box D13, President Ford Committee.
49
. Witcover,
Marathon
, 380.
50
. Witcover,
Marathon
, 380.
51
. Witcover,
Marathon
, 380.
52
. Terry Drinkwater, news commentary,
Reagan is Seasoned for ‘76
, CBS, November 20, 1975 as quoted in a memorandum by Ron Nessen, White House Central Files, Box 16, November 21, 1975, Gerald Ford Presidential Library, Ann Arbor, MI.