She Has Her Mother's Laugh: The Powers, Perversions, and Potential of Heredity (98 page)

and CRISPR mechanism,
143
,
494
,
523
,
525
,
552
–54,
558
,
573

and discovery of genes,
123
–24

and
Drosophila
research,
98

and embryonic development,
328

and epigenetic inheritance,
472

and eukaryotes,
144

and fertilization process,
341
,
542

and gene drives,
155
,
473

and genetic testing and counseling,
3
,
5
,
505

and horizontal inheritance,
140
–41,
142

and human height,
277
,
284

and lyonization,
334
–41

and meiosis,
145
–53

and modern concept of heredity,
57
–59

and mosaicism,
349
–50,
352
–57,
359
,
367

and paleogenetics,
239
,
242
–43

and spread of genetic variations,
205
,
207

and tracing lineages,
176
,
178
–79,
186
–87,
190
–92,
223

and transgenerational epigenetic inheritance,
441

chronic myelogenous leukemia,
354

Church, George,
528
,
529
–30,
560

clams,
397
–400,
408
,
412

Claypoole, James,
165

Clerget-Darpoux, Françoise,
280

climate change,
564
–65,
570

Cline, Martin,
509
–12

cloning,
149
–50,
265
,
473
,
516
,
519
,
544
,
548

cockles,
398

Cockrell, T. D. A.,
350

cockroaches,
409
–10

Coen, Enrico,
424
–26,
439
–40

Cognitive Genomics Lab,
536
–37

Cohen, Jacques,
513
–15,
518

Cold Spring Harbor,
79
,
84
–85,
234

Collier, Eugenia,
170

Collins, Francis,
133
–34,
526

Columbus, Christopher,
19
–20

Committee for the Heredity of Feeble-mindedness,
85
–86

Committee to Study and to Report on the Best Practical Means of Cutting Off the Defective Germ-Plasm in the American Population,
85
–86

Common Sense
(Paine),
164

COMT gene,
301
–2

Concerning the Origin of Malignant Tumors
(Boveri),
353
–54

Conklin, Edwin Grant,
329
–33

Conley, Dalton,
300

Cook, James,
467
–68

Cooke, Robert E.,
315

Coop, Graham,
188
–90

Cooper, Richard,
212
,
213

Correns, Carl,
60

Cossetti, Cristina,
442

Cowdry, Edmund,
417
–18

Crabbe, John,
301

Craven, Isabel,
72

Creger, William,
385

cretinism,
70
,
306
.
See also
feeblemindedness

Crick, Francis,
124
–25

CRISPR/Cas system

and
Drosophila
research,
550
–54

early research on,
488
–91

and ethical issues of scientific advances,
542

and genetic vs. nongenetic heredity,
474

and human genome editing,
495
–97,
523
–34,
560
–61

impact on human gene pool,
537
–40,
565

and microbial immune systems,
143
–44

and mosquito control research,
557
–58,
570
–74

and plant domestication,
493
–94

Crohn's disease,
535
,
538

Cro-Magnons,
236
–37

Crumbling Genome
(Kondrashov),
540

cultural history and inheritance

and environmental impact of humans,
570
–71

human cumulative culture,
460
,
463
,
465
–66,
468
–69,
562
–65,
567

and imitation,
445
–51,
463
–65

and intelligence research,
292

and learning,
454
–59,
459
–66

and memes,
452
–54

and non-genetic inheritance,
471
–80

Cushing, Harvey,
274

cystic fibrosis,
503
,
535

Danbury, Lewis,
104

Dar-Nimrod, Ilan,
317
–18

Darnovsky, Marcy,
528

Darwin, Charles

and epigenetics,
435
,
442

and Galton's plant breeding experiments,
260

and modern concept of heredity,
6
,
43
–56,
58
–62,
426

and recessive traits,
473

research on bud sports,
349

and Weismann's germ line research,
328
,
409

Das Erbe
(film),
94
–95

Davenport, Charles,
79
–81,
84
–85,
93
,
99
,
100
,
200
–202,
234
–35,
499

Davenport, Gertrude,
80
,
201
–2

Davidson, Ronald,
338

Dawkins, Richard,
452
–53

Day, Troy,
474
–78

Dean, Lewis,
459
–60

Deary, Ian,
293
–96,
302
–3

Delbrück, Max,
551

DeLong, Robert,
307
–8

De morbis hereditariis
—
On Hereditary Diseases
(Mercado),
24
,
27

dengue fever,
1
,
555

Denisovans,
247
–49,
465

Desai, Michael,
149
–50

Desai, Rajendra,
385

d'Este, Isabella,
254

devil face tumor disease,
392
–400

de Vries, Hugo,
29
–31,
60
–62,
64
,
79
,
125
–26,
424
,
426

diabetes,
211
,
216
–17,
250
–51,
273
,
276
,
278

Dias, Brian,
428
–30,
434
,
437

Díaz de Games, Gutierre,
18

Dictionary of Races or Peoples
(Thomas),
211

Dinka people,
229
–30

Dishley Grange,
33
–35

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

and bacterial restriction enzymes,
487
–88

and beneficial mutations,
149

and carbon-14 dating,
346

and causes of PKU,
129

and chimerism,
380
–84,
388
,
391
,
393
,
396
–98

and CRISPR research,
488
–91,
538
–40,
566

and cumulative culture,
465

and Dawkins's meme concept,
452

and diagnosis of hereditary diseases,
133

and discovery of genes,
123
–26

and effects of meiosis on heredity,
150
–52

and embryonic development,
333

and epigenetics,
430
–31,
433
,
436
–41

and ethical issues of scientific advances,
542

and family genealogies,
160

fingerprinting,
381

and gene drives,
155
,
572
–73

and gene therapy,
509
,
512

and genetic engineering,
507
–8

and genetic screening,
503
–5

and genetic testing and counseling,
3
–4,
6
–7

and genetic vs. nongenetic heredity,
472
,
475
,
479

and genome sequencing,
182
–85

and height research,
251
,
273
,
275
–77,
284

and human ancestral lines,
175
–81,
186
–93,
197
,
216
–20

and human genome editing,
495
–97

and human germ line engineering,
523
–28,
530
–31

and human/Neanderthal interbreeding,
240
–49

and intelligence research,
300
,
301
–4,
311
,
317
,
319

and interbreeding of human populations,
231
–34,
240

and light organs,
406

and lyonization,
338
–39

and mechanism of heredity,
427

and meiosis,
145
–47,
151
–53

and Mendel's Law,
473

and microbial immune systems,
323

and microbiomes,
409
,
412

and mosaicism,
353
–55,
357
–60,
363
–64,
366
–67,
369

and mosquito control research,
555
–60

and Muller's Germinal Choice,
502

and mutagenic chain reaction,
552
,
554

and Nazi racism,
497
–98

of Neanderthals,
238
–40

and neuronal cells,
343

and ooplasm transfers,
514
–15

origins of DNA-based life,
138
–42

and paleogenetics,
225
–28

and the
Peloria
plant,
424
–25

and plant domestication,
494

and preimplantation genetic diagnosis,
535
–37

and radiation damage,
333

and RFMix,
222
–24

and selective breeding,
484
–85

and skin color,
230
–31

and spread of genetic variations,
207
,
209

of Taita thrushes,
214
–15

and totipotent cells,
341
–42

and twin studies,
266
–67

and in vitro gametogenesis,
547
–49

See also
mitochondria and mitochondrial DNA

DNA Land database,
186
–87

Dobzhansky, Theodosius,
204
–7

A
Domestic Treatise on the Diseases of Horses and Dogs
(Blaine),
395

Donnelly, Peter,
215

dopamine,
301

The
Double Helix
(Crick, Watson, and Wilkins),
125

Doudna, Jennifer,
488
–90,
496
–97,
523
–27,
530
,
561

Douglass, Frederick,
166
,
197
–98,
267

Down syndrome,
1
–2,
386

Drake, Francis,
255

Drosophila
research,
97
–98,
147
,
149
,
153
–54,
204
–10,
550
–55,
557

DSCF5 gene,
244

Du Bois, W. E. B.,
202
–4

Duchenne muscular dystrophy,
340

Dunlap, Knight,
100
–101

Dunn, Rob,
412

Dunsford, Ivor,
377
,
379

Dutton, Warren,
51

Dwarf Alberta spruce,
348
–49

dwarfism,
118
,
253
–54,
272
,
278
,
306

dystrophin,
340

Eanes de Azurara, Gomes,
20

East, Edward,
205
–6

East Wind: West Wind
(Buck),
111

E. coli
,
140

ecological inheritance,
562
–63,
565

Edge, Michael,
213

Edison, Thomas,
30

Edwards, Robert,
504
–5,
509

“The Effects of Race Intermingling” (Davenport),
202

Egan, Michael,
301
–2

Egeland, Borgny,
115
–17

Egeland, Liv,
115

eggs,
419
–20,
513
–20,
527
–28.
See also
germ cells and germ lines

Ehrlich, Paul,
454

“The Elimination of Feeble-Mindedness” (Davenport),
85

Ellis, Erle,
570

Ellison, Jane,
521

embryos and embryonic development

and chimerism,
382
,
385
,
391

and CRISPR research,
496
–97,
560
,
565

early theories on,
324
–33

and engineering of embryonic cells,
543
–49

and epigenetics,
436
–37,
440
–42