Authors: Frederick Taylor
Bergander, Regine
Beria, Lavremy; quells workers’ uprising; arrested and disgraced
Berlin: topographical situation; name; racial mix; trade; walls first built; economic and social life; rulers; and Thirty Years War; immigration; population; customs wall; Catholic cathedral; and Seven Years War; size of garrison; under Napoleon; expansion; and; uprising; middle classes; and democracy; ultra-nationalist influence; socialise politics in; and First World War; starvation; limited civil war; inter-war; Nazi vote; captured by Red Army; aftermach of Second World War; women in; Ulbricht Group takes control; post-war cultural revival; divided between Allies; and issue of access; welcomes Westerners; Soviets exert control; refugees in; fuel and power supplies; transport policy; anticommunists rally; Soviet blockade; airlift; affection for USA; city assembly meeting disrupted; city divided; new Soviet restrictions imposed; transport strike; declared capital of GDR; impact of Cold War; city administrations; border crossings and restrictions; workers’ uprising
Brandt arrives and elected mayor; Khrushchev provokes crisis; SED élite leaves; challenges to four-power status; border closure; ‘Berlin ring’; disbelief over possibility of border closure; news of border closure breaks; Soviet restraint; angry reactions to border closure; individuals caught by border closure; phone line to American Mission
British troops in; French troops in; American garrison reinforced; press; crossing points reduced; order regime tightens; post of city commandant created; Friedrichstrasse crisis; cross-border visits; Kennedy visits; age profile; homosexuality in; present and future;
also
East Berlin; West Berlin
Berlin Agreement
Berlin air corridor
Berlin
Alexanderplatz
;
Berlin autobahn
; American reinforcements travel; maintenance of
Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra
Berlin rail corridor
Berlin Steering Group
Berlin Task Force
Berlin Transport company (BVG)
Berlin Wall; Ulbricht hints at; rouce; materials; initial barrier erected; increasing permanence; permanene construction begins; purpose of; and ’green border$$$; decision on wall format
American plans to breach; propaganda catastrophe; fortifications; attacks on; free-fire zone; first anniversary; paramedical teams; Kennedy and; repairs and extensions; hinterland wall; dog-runs; border troops’ dilemma; costs of; first and last victims; and Helsinki Accord; plans for future; breakthrough feared; fall of; demolition; auction; Honecker defends; total deaths connected with;
see also
border escapes
Berlin Watch Committee
Berliner Ensemble theatre
Berliner Zeitung
Benadottestrasse
Benau
Bernauer Strasse; situation on border; deaths in; removals and demolition; Wall Memorial
Berzarin, Colonel-General
Betriebskampfgruppen
Biermann, Wolf
Bild
Bismarck, Otto von
Bitterfeld
Bittner, Michael
Black Sea
Blue Angel, The
BND (ineelligence service)
Bohemia
Bohlen, Charles
Böhme, Peter
Bolshakov, Georgi
Bolshoi Ballet
Bolton Abbey
Bonn; chosen as seat of government; Germany Treaty signed in
Brandt in; Ministry for All-German Affairs; Johnson and Clay arrive in; GDR representation in; Guillaume arrested; Honecker’s aborred visit; Honecker visits; Bonn/Cologne Airport; Border Brigade; acquires first martyr; desertions; border escapes; numbers of; first killings; police and army desertions; sewer route; shoot-to-kill policy; organisations; passport method; tunnels; and GDR propaganda; ‘Scandinavian Tour’; and exchange of money; by car; with diplomatic help; through orher socialist states; change in attitudes to; difficulty of; by balloon; prosecutions of guards; Bornholmer Strasse
Borsig locomotive works
Boston
Bouchéstrasse
Boy Scout movement
Bracher, Rolf
Brandenburg; unification with Prussia; and Thirty Years War; population; religious tolerance; church in; neo-Nazi parties in
Brandenburg Gate; Napoleon parades through; demonstrations around; sealed off; crowds gather; border permanently closed; anti-tank guns sited at; tank traps installed; improved fortifications; Reagan speaks at; celebrations
Brandenburg-Görden prison
Brandt, Rut
Brandt, Willy; background and rise to power,; name; writings; and Allied intelligence; anti-Communism; elected mayor of Berlin; mocks Ulbricht; and border closure; election campaigns; meeting with Allied commanders; letter to Kennedy; plays host to Johnson; chastised by Johnson; and Kennedy’s reply; rejects East German visa offices; and border escapes; and Kennedy’s visit; develops
Ostpolitik
and convergence,; becomes Foreign Minister; becomes Chancellor; resigns; and German reunification; and furure of Berlin
Brecht, Bertolt; The Solution
Bremen
Brentano, Dr Heinrich von
Brezhnev, Leonid
Brezhnev doctrine
Britain; alliance with Prussia; industrialisation; and triple alliance; and division of Berlin and Germany; post-war economic difficulties; and free trade area; and division of Germany; and Stalin’s reunification offer; commitment to West Berlin; and nuclear threat; in four-power talks; appeasement; and Checkpoint Charlie confrontation; economy compared with GDR; and German reunification
British Army of the Rhine (BAOR)
British Communist Party
Britz district
Britzer Zweigkanal
Brokaw, Tom
Bruchmühle
Brüning, Heinrich
Buber-Neumann, Margarete
Buchenwald
Budapest; GDR refugees leave through
Budapester Strasse
Bulgaria
Bundy, McGeorge; and Peter Fechter killing; and Kennedy’s Berlin visit
Burma
Bush, George H. W.
Canton
Cape Cod
cars; used in border escapes; in GDR
Carter, Jimmy
Cash, Frank
Castro, Fidel
Catholic Centre Party
CBS
CDU (Christian Democrat Union); influence of refugee organisations,; in Berlin elections; in GDR; American support for; and Adenauer’s election campaign; and border escapes; and
Ostpolitik
; coalition with SPD; in GDR elections; in all-German elections
Central America
Challenger
space shuttle
Charité Hospital
Charles VI, Emperor
Charlottenburg; housing project
Checkpoint Charlie; white line painted; confrontation; improved fortifications; and Fechter killing; and Meixner escape; Reagans visit; structures removed; museum
Chemnitz
Chernenko, Konstantin
Chiang Kai-shek
Chicago
children
Chile
China; People’s Republic established; Soviet relations with; Great Wall; Tiananmen Square massacre; fortieth anniversary of People’s Republic
Chou En-lai
Chuikov, Marshal
Chungking
churches; GDR campaign against; and punks; rebuilding of; observe elections
Churchill, Winston
CIA; Berlin Operations Base
Clare, George
Clark, General Bruce
Clay, General Lucius; delivers reply to Brandt; visits Berlin; brinkmanship in Berlin
Clifton, Major-General Chester
coal
Cold War; beginnings of; intensifies; end of; spying; propaganda; American-Russian stand-off; shift in focus; imporrance of Germany; endgame; and Western unity
Cölln
Cologne
Colombey-les-Deux-Églises
Columbushaus
Comintern
Commune One
computers
Continental Congress
Contras
Copenhagen
Council of Europe
Couve de Merville M.
CPSU (Communist Parry of the Soviet Union); XXII. Congress
Crimea
Cuba; Missile Crisis
currency, hard; and KoKo system; Honecker and; and sale of political prisoners; maximum allowance; and German reunification;
see also
European single currency
Cyprus
Czechoslovakia; and Marshall Plan; Communist coup; strikes and riots; escapes through; acquires German territory; treaty with West Germany; GDR refugees leave through; economic revival
Dachau
Dahlem, Franz
Dahlem
Daily Mail
Daily Worker
Dallas
Darmstadt
Das Leben der Anderen
D-Day landings
de Gaulle, General Charles; visits West Germany; and mobile warfare
de Mazière, Lothar
De Pauw College
de Zulueta, P.F.
DEFA film studios
Delacombe, General
Democratic Awakening
Denmark
Der Geteile Himmel
(Wolf)
Dessau
Deterling, Harry
Deutsche Handelsbank
Deutsche Reichsbahn (RBD)
Dibrova, Major-General
Die Insulaner
Dieckmann, Johannes
Diekmann, Gerhard
Dillon, C. Douglas
Dimitrov, Georgi
Doherr, Annmarie
Döllnsee
Dowling, Walter
DPA
Dreilinden checkpoint
Dresden; desrruction of; topographical situation; industries; and departure of refugees; demonstrations; revival
Dreyfus Affair
drugs; performance-enhancing
Dubinski, Alfons
Dulles, John Foster
Düllick, Udo
Düsseldorf
Dutschke, Rudi
DVU
East Berlin: cheap goods and entertainments; security strengthened; Kennedy’s policy towards; Bohemian culture; maps; eyewitness accounts; access to; Americans enter; Soviet armour appears in; Western intelligence in; Academy of Sciences; West German representation in; Reagans visit; Gorbachev visits; demonstrations; industry
East German archives
East Germany,
see
German Democratic Republic
East Prussia
Eastern Pomerania
Eberswalder Strasse
Ebert, Friedrich
Ebertstrasse
Edict of Potsdam
Eich, Klaus-Peter
Eikemeier, General Fritz
Eisenach
Eisenhower, Dwight D.; retirement; and Berlin Crisis; administration; era
Eisenhower, Mamie
El Alamein, battle of
Elbe, river; bridge closed; topography of valley
Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick
Elisabeth, Empress of Russia
Elizabeth II, Queen
Elsenstrasse
Ende, Colonel Horst
Engels, Friedrich
Enzensberger, Hans-Magnus
Enzensberger, Ulrich
Eppelman, Rainer
Erfurt
Erhard, Ludwig
Ernst-Reuter-Platz
Essen
Europa Center
European Advisory Commission (EAC)
European single currency
Every Man for Himself!
(film)
Evian
Exner, Gerhard
Far East; Soviet
FDJ (Free German Youth); members escape; Ulbricht addresses; target Western broadcasts; and conscription; members appeal to Gorbachev; uniforms
FDP (Liberal Party)
Fechner, Max
Fechter, Peter
Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany): established; capital in Bonn; flag; population; remilitarisation; Basic Law; borders; confirms sovereignty; economic improvement; national anthem; and Berlin Crisis; refugees arrive from GDR; militancy towards GDR; links with Eastern Bloc countries; in four-power talks on Berlin; British troops in; French troops in; response to border closure; election campaign; student revolt;
Ostpolitik
and convergence; recession; guest workers; age profile; subsidies to West Berlin; conscription; conservatism; and homosexuality; denazification,; and travel to GDR; and Berlin Agreement; signs Basic Treaty; credit agreement with GDR; signs Helsinki Accord; Pershing missiles sited in; inward transfer of technology; Honecker visits; Bush Sr. visits; Gorbachev visits