Read The Birth of the Pill: How Four Crusaders Reinvented Sex and Launched a Revolution Online
Authors: Jonathan Eig
CHAPTER TWO
| 12 | “science and scientist continue to be governed by fear” : Mary Roach, Bonk (New York: W. W. Norton, 2008), p. 12. |
| 12 | textbooks . . . lacked entries : Ibid. |
| 15 | “attempting to lose their inhibitions” : Malcolm Cowley, Exile’s Return: A Literary Odyssey of the 1920s (New York: Penguin, 1994), p. 23. |
| 16 | the key to curing neuroses : Christopher Turner, Adventures in the Orgasmatron (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2011), pp. 78–79. |
| 16 | “heart ailments . . . excessive perspiration” : Ibid., p. 80. |
| 18 | “Fifties clothes were like armor” : Brett Harvey, The Fifties: A Women’s Oral History (New York: HarperCollins, 1993), p. xi. |
| 19 | median age of marriage in 1950 : U.S. Bureau of Census report, September 15, 2004, http://www.census.gov/population/socdemo/hh-fam/tabMS-2.pdf (accessed February 18, 2014). |
| 19 | “What’s college?” : Elizabeth Siegel Watkins, On the Pill (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998), p. 9. |
| 20 | “Birth control would have been cold-blooded” : Harvey, The Fifties , pp. 11–12. |
| 20 | “I was terribly frightened about getting pregnant” : Ibid., p. 12. |
| 20 | Most American women . . . accepted the idea of birth control : Watkins, On the Pill , p. 11. |
| 20 | not a question of principle : Birth Control Hearings before the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, 73rd Congress, 2d sess., on H.R. 5978, Jan. 18–19, 1934 (Washington, D.C., 1934), SSC. |
CHAPTER THREE
| 22 | “tennis or chess” : Bernard Asbell, The Pill: A Biography of the Drug That Changed the World (New York: Random House, 1995), p. 124. |
| 22 | “Victory!” : Unpublished interview, Candide , Gregory Pincus Papers, LOC. |
| 22 | might get them more money : Asbell, The Pill , p. 124. |
| 23 | “ ‘ cunning device ’ ” : Gregory Pincus, The Control of Fertility (New York: Academic Press, 1965), p. 6. |
| 23 | “consequences that are not apparent on the surface” : Ibid., pp. 6–7. |
| 23 | “ivory tower conception of research” : Ibid., p. 7. |
| 23 | the world in which they lived : Ibid., p. 8. |
| 24 | “though dull of mind” : Matthew James Connelly, Fatal Misconception: The Struggle to Control World Population (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2008), p. 61. |
| 25 | “more serious than the atomic bomb” : “Creator of The Pill Talks to ‘The Sun,’ ” Sydney Sun , January 9, 1967. |
| 25 | wool-spinning machines, and electric clocks : Polk’s Worcester City Directory (Detroit, MI: R. L. Polk and Company, 1954), pp. 8–9. |
| 26 | Wear-Well Trouser Co. and the Worcester Baking Company : Worcester Foundation annual reports and internal reports, Worcester Foundation Papers, UM. |
| 27 | “Since sleep escapes me” : Undated letter, Gregory Pincus to Albert Raymond, Gregory Pincus Papers, LOC. |
| 28 | “I want you to know” : Ibid. |
CHAPTER FOUR
| 29 | she wrote to a friend and supporter in 1939 : Margaret Sanger to Clarence Gamble, August 15, 1939, Margaret Sanger Papers, SSC. |
| 29 | “Dear Mrs. Sanger . . .” : Margaret Sanger Papers, SSC. |
| 31 | revealing the true angels within : “The Child Who Was Mother to a Woman,” The New Yorker , April 11, 1927. |
| 31 | His friends loved him and trusted him : Ibid. |
| 31 | “It was Father” : Margaret Sanger, My Fight for Birth Control (New York: Farrar & Rhinehart, 1931), pp. 11–12. |
| 31 | a constable barring the door : “The Child Who Was Mother to a Woman,” The New Yorker , April 11, 1927. |
| 32 | where Ingersoll finally spoke : Ibid. |
| 32 | “the juvenile stamp of disapproval” : Margaret Sanger, The Autobiography of Margaret Sanger (Mineola, NY: Dover, 2004), p. 20. |
| 32 | “they were wrong” : “The Child Who Was Mother to a Woman,” The New Yorker , April 11, 1927. |
| 32 | With financial support from her older sisters : Ellen Chesler, Woman of Valor (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2007), p. 30. |
| 32 | “I longed for romance” : David M. Kennedy, Birth Control in America (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1970), p. 5. |
| 33 | marriage “akin to suicide” : Sanger, My Fight for Birth Control , p. 31. |
| 33 | “I was sick for two months” : Sanger, The Autobiography of Margaret Sanger , p. 57. |
| 33 | “Socialists, Trade Unionists, Anarchists” : William B. Scott and Peter M. Rutkoff, New York Modern: The Arts and the City (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999), p. 81. |
| 34 | “stands firmly by its roots” : Journal entry, November 3–4, 1914, Margaret Sanger Papers, SSC. |
| 34 | “an ardent propagandist for the joys of the flesh” : Peter Engelman, A History of the Birth Control Movement in America (Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2011), p. 31. |
| 34 | found the conditions “almost beyond belief” : Sanger, My Fight for Birth Control , pp. 46–48. |
| 34 | below Fourteenth Street east of Broadway : “New York Wards: Population and Density, 1800–1910,” Demographia.com, http://www.demographia.com/db-nyc-ward1800.htm (accessed February 19, 2014). |
| 35 | 460 square feet each : “Manhattan’s Population Density, Past and Present,” New York Times , March 1, 2012. |
| 35 | population had increased 62 percent : “New York Wards: Population and Density, 1800–1910,” Demographia.com, http://www.demographia.com/db-nyc-ward1800.htm (accessed February 19, 2014). |
| 35 | “Poor pale faced wretched wives” : Margaret Sanger to Juliet Barrett Rublee, July 7, 1920, Margaret Sanger Papers, SSC. |
| 35 | one-third of all pregnancies : “The Question of Birth Control,” Harper’s magazine, December 1929, p. 40. |
| 35 | “inserting slippery-elm sticks” : Sanger, My Fight for Birth Control , p. 47. |
| 36 | I would be heard : Ibid., p. 56. |
| 36 | lapsed into severe depression : Chesler, Woman of Valor , p. 52. |
| 36 | the maid would be there : David Halberstam, The Fifties (New York: Random House, 1994), p. 283. |
| 37 | 7.04 in 1800 to 3.56 in 1900 : Daniel Scott Smith, “Family Limitation, Sexual Control, and Domestic Feminism in Victorian America,” Feminist Studies 1, no. 3–4 (1973), pp. 40–57. |
| 38 | 24 percent for these devices : Controlling Reproduction , ed. Andrea Tone (Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 2001), p. 75. |
| 38 | “except total abstinence” : Ibid., p. 81. |
| 38 | plant-fiber tampon coated with honey . . . and swallowed poisons : “Leeches, Lye and Spanish Fly,” New York Times , January 22, 2013. |
| 39 | disease of both body and soul : Chesler, Woman of Valor , p. 52. |
| 39 | “You are a world Lover” : Bill Sanger to Margaret Sanger, February 6, 1914, Margaret Sanger Papers, SSC. |
| 39 | “go-to-hell look” : “The Aim,” The Woman Rebel , March 1914. |
CHAPTER FIVE
| 41 | “the severed head of Holofernes” : “The Child Who Was Mother to a Woman,” The New Yorker , April 11, 1927. |
| 42 | “in the whole of his life” : Arthur Calder-Marshall, The Sage of Sex: A Life of Havelock Ellis (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1959), pp. 197–98. |
| 42 | “ever wonderful, ever lovely” : Henry Havelock Ellis, The New Spirit (London: Walter Scott, 1890), p. 129. |
| 42 | “It is wonderful enough” : H. G. Wells, The Secret Places of the Heart (New York: MacMillan, 1922), p. 250. |
| 43 | Comstock had masturbated so obsessively : Gay Talese, Thy Neighbor’s Wife (New York: Doubleday, 1980), p. 53. |
| 44 | “any obscene, lewd, lascivious” : Section 211 of the U.S. Criminal Code, http://books.google.com/books?id=6cUZAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA10381-IA2&lpg=PA10381-IA2&dq=“any+obscene,+lewd,+or+lascivious”:+ Section+211+of+the+U.S.+Criminal+Code&source=bl&ots=_m3p115 xFc&sig=0D4DBGx_m71oj1pbbHGiBPfsD5o&hl=en&sa=X&ei=gr MQU6SiH6LWyQH-5YHwDQ&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAA#v=onepage &q=“any%20obscene%2C%20lewd%2C%20or%20lascivious”% 3A%20Section%20211%20of%20the%20U.S.%20Criminal%20Code&f=false (accessed February 28, 2014). |
| 44 | “a weeder in God’s garden” : Talese, Thy Neighbor’s Wife , p. 56. |
| 44 | “You are all the world to me” : Ellen Chesler, Woman of Valor (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2007), p. 106. |
| 45 | Stuart, alone at boarding school : Ibid., p. 107. |
| 45 | “reflect, meditate and dream” : Ibid. |
| 45 | haunted by nightmares : Ibid., p. 134. |
| 46 | “Then we got a little nearer” : Peter C. Engelman, A History of the Birth Control Movement in America (Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger, 2011), p. xviii. |
| 47 | “wrists reddened” . . . “what scars Murray and Foley are nursing” : “Mrs. Sanger Flays Mrs. Davis’ Plans,” New York Tribune , March 7, 1917; “Mrs. Sanger Free, Hailed as Heroine,” New York Tribune , March 6, 1917. |
| 48 | “constant tendency” : T. R. Malthus, An Essay on the Principle of Population (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992), p. 14. |
| 49 | “I wasn’t doing my duty as a wife” : Margaret Sanger, Motherhood in Bondage (Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 2000), p. 124. |
| 49 | Sanger wrote in 1919 : Margaret Sanger, “Parent’s Problem or a Woman’s,” Birth Control Review 3, no. 3 (1919), pp. 6–7. |
| 50 | “The Church’s attitude on birth control” : “The Question of Birth Control,” Harper’s Monthly Magazine , December 1929. |
| 50 | “the sacramental attitude” : Ibid. |
| 51 | There were conditions : Lawrence Lader, “Margaret Sanger: Militant Pragmatist Visionary,” On the Issues Magazine, Spring 1990, http://www.ontheissuesmagazine.com/1990spring/Spr90_Lader.php (accessed February 19, 2014). |
| 51 | “retire with him to the garden of love” : Controlling Reproduction , ed. Andrea Tone (Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 2001), p. 129. |
| 51 | “the greatest adventure in my life” : Lawrence Lader, “Margaret Sanger: Militant Pragmatist Visionary,” On the Issues Magazine, Spring 1990. |
| 52 | “234 clinics and 140 hospitals” : Ibid., p. 134. |
| 53 | weeding out of the “unfit” : Ellen Chesler, Woman of Valor: Margaret Sanger and the Birth Control Movement in America (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2007), p. 195. |
| 54 | in the backseats of their cars : Jean H. Baker, Margaret Sanger: A Life of Passion (New York: Hill and Wang, 2011), p. 174. |
| 55 | “To take life after its inception” : “Archbishop Hayes on Birth Control,” New York Times , December 18, 1921. |
| 55 | “What he believes” : Typed statement by Margaret Sanger, January 20, 1921, Margaret Sanger Papers, SSC. |
| 55 | as Chesler wrote : Chesler, Woman of Valor , p. 470. |
| 56 | “There is no need to summarize” : Andrea Tone, Devices and Desires: A History of Contraceptives in America (New York: Hill and Wang, 2001), p. 147. |
| 57 | “a fine piece of research” : Margaret Sanger to Katharine Dexter McCormick, January 8, 1937, Margaret Sanger Papers, SSC. |