Authors: Ed Offley
4
. Squadron redeployment to West Coast from 396th History; Kane meeting with his future wife from Kane Oral Interview; additional details from 2012 interview with Marguerite Kane Jameson.
5
. Camp Blanding and Camp Papago Park background and American POW camp system details from Ronald H. Bailey,
Prisoners of War
(New York: Time-Life Books, 1981); additional material from the
Papago Scout
, November 1994, newsletter of the organization by the same name; Degan praised as “trustworthy” POW in letter from Captain Wayne E. Kartchner to Elsa Marston, November 8, 1945.
6
. Admiral Dönitz did not call off mine-laying operations or infiltrating Abwehr agents as a result of the June 1942 missions. On September 10, 1942, U-69 laid twelve TMB mines near the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay, and U-455 laid a minefield at the entrance to Charleston, South Carolina, without success. In the summer of 1943, three U-boats attempted to lay minefields. U-230 dropped twelve TMB mines off the Chesapeake Bay on July 5, while U-566 planted eight larger TMC mines there on July 26. U-107 dropped twelve TMB mines off Charleston on August 28. None of these attempts caused any damage or sinkings (see Blair,
Hitler’s U-boat War
, 1:687, 2:387); during 1943 and 1944, U-boats also landed Abwehr agents in Ireland, Canada, Mauritania, and Maine, but all of the missions failed. The Type IXC/40 U-1230 landed two Abwehr agents in the Gulf of Maine on November 29, 1944, but as in the 1942 mission, one of them turned himself in to the FBI and led agents to the second man (see Blair,
Hitler’s U-boat War
, 2:646); daily average number of U-boats at sea from Harald Busch,
U-boats at War
(New York: Ballantine Books, 1953), 176; British end Enigma blackout from Kahn,
Seizing the Enigma
, 226–227; Battle of Atlantic shift to northern convoy routes and soaring Allied losses from Blair,
Hitler’s U-boat War
, 2:820; fate of ninety-five U-boats in the North American campaign compiled from Wynn,
U-boat Operations
, vols. 1 and 2; casualties in 396th Medium Bombardment Squadron from 396th History.
7
. Kane family postwar life from Marguerite Kane Jameson interview.
8
. Horst Degen postwar life recounted by his son, Günther, in several letters to the author during 2011 and 2012.
9
. Degen reaction to
USS Scorpion
disappearance from Eberhard J. Fuchs, “The Last Seven from U-701,”
Neue Revue
(Hamburg, Germany), June 30, 1968 (translated from the German); capsized hull of a sunken freighter from Richard C. Bayer, “Divers Checking Unidentified Hull, Navy Doesn’t Think It Is Scorpion,”
Ledger-Star
(Norfolk, Virginia), May 31, 1968.
10
. Kane search for Degen recounted to the author in an April 1982 interview and mentioned in letters Kane exchanged with Degen; Degen-Kane relationship revealed in a series of several dozen letters exchanged by the two during November 1970 and July 1980 and provided to the author by Günther Degen.
11
. Kane involvement with
USS Monitor
discovery team and unsuccessful 1980 search from Kane-Degen letters.
12
. Kane and Degen reunion recounted by Günther Degen, 2012; Degen wore Bellamy lifejacket recounted by his sister, Kay Bellamy Smires in a 2012 telephone interview.
13
. Discovery of U-701 and 1992 wreath-laying ceremony recounted in Henry C. Keatts and George C. Farr,
Diving into History
, vol. 3:
U-boats
(Houston, TX: Pisces Books, 1994, 141–146.
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