Authors: Ed Offley
Bayer, Richard C. “Divers Checking Unidentified Hull, Navy Doesn’t Think It Is Scorpion.”
Ledger-Star
(Norfolk, Virginia), May 31, 1968.
Beesly, Patrick. “Convoy PQ17: A Study of Intelligence and Decision-Making.”
Intelligence and National Security
, April 1990.
Belke, T. J., Lt. j.g. “Roll of Drums.”
U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings
(Annapolis, Maryland), April 1983.
Davies, Lawrence E. “Evacuation Area Set for Japanese in Pacific States.”
New York Times
, March 3, 1942.
———. “Hails Los Angeles for Air Defense.”
New York Times
, February 27, 1942.
———. “West Coast Order Shifts Japanese.”
New York Times
, March 2, 1942.
Decker, Hans Joachim. “404 Days! The War Patrol Life of U-505.”
U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings
(Annapolis, Maryland), March 1960.
“Drottningholm at Lisbon: Exchange Liner Docks with Axis Nationals from Americas.”
New York Times
, June 12, 1942.
Editorial. “The Los Angeles Mystery.”
New York Times
, February 27, 1942.
———. “The Sea War.”
New York Times
, April 7, 1943.
Erskine, Ralph. “The First Naval Enigma Decrypts of World War II.”
Cryptologia
21, no. 1 (January 1997).
Erskine, Ralph, and Frode Weierud. “Naval Enigma: M4 and Its Rotors.”
Cryptologia
11, no. 4 (October 1987).
Fleming, Thomas. “The Big Leak.”
American Heritage
38, no. 8 (December 1987).
Friedland, Klaus. “Raiding Merchant Shipping: U-boats on the North American Coast, 1942.”
American Neptune
(Salem, MA), spring 1991.
Fuchs, Eberhard J. “The Last Seven from U-701.”
Neue Revue
(Hamburg, Germany), June 30, 1968 (translated from the German).
“Gen. DeWitt Praises Readiness of Anti-Aircraft Batteries ‘to Meet Possible Enemy.’”
New York Times
, February 27, 1942.
Heinrichs, Waldo. “President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Intervention in the Battle of the Atlantic, 1941.”
Diplomatic History
, fall 1986.
Hulen, Bertram. “Our Stand Clear, Officials Insist.”
New York Times
, November 2, 1941.
Knapp, Richard. “Liberty Ships & Airships: North Carolina and the Battle of the Atlantic.”
Recall
10 (fall 2004).
Kurzak, Karl Heinz. “German U-boat Construction.”
Naval Institute Proceedings
(Annapolis, Maryland), April 1955.
“Los Angeles Guns Bark at Air ‘Enemy,’”
New York Times
, February 26, 1942.
Milner, Marc. “The Battle That Had to Be Won.”
Naval History
(Annapolis, Maryland), June 2008.
“Navy Has No Word—Check Fails to Confirm Report of New Victim of U-boat off Coast.”
New York Times
, January 16, 1942.
“New U-boat Victim Confirmed by Navy.”
New York Times
, January 17, 1942.
O’Connor, Jerome M. “FDR’s Undeclared War.”
Naval History
(Annapolis, Maryland), February 2004.
Offley, Ed. “Wartime Foes Reunite as Friends” (U-701).
Ledger-Star
(Norfolk, Virginia), July 7, 1982.
———. “Chesapeake Bay Mined, War Came Close to Home” (U-701).
Ledger-Star
(Norfolk, Virginia), July 8, 1982.
———. “Confrontation in the Atlantic: The Death of U-701.”
Ledger-Star
(Norfolk, Virginia), July 9, 1982.
Polmar, Norman. “Ships That Were Lighter Than Air.”
Naval History
(Annapolis, Maryland), June 2011.
Roach, John. “Shoring Up N. Carolina Islands: A Losing Battle?”
National Geographic News
, November 10, 2003.
Rogers, Dennis. “A Duel at Sea Destined to Allow Only One Victor.”
Raleigh News & Observer
, September 1, 1980.
Rohwer, Jürgen. “Allied and Axis Radio-Intelligence in the Battle of the Atlantic—a Comparative Analysis.” In
The Intelligence Revolution—a Historical Perspective
. Proceedings of the Thirteenth Military History Symposium, US Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, Colorado, October 12–14, 1988.
———. “The Operational Use of Ultra in the Battle of the Atlantic.” In
Intelligence and International Relations
, edited by Christopher Andrew and Jeremy Noales, 275–292. Exeter, UK: University of Exeter Press, 1987.
———. “The U-boat War Against the Allied Supply Lines.” In
The Decisive Battles of World War II: The German View
, edited by Hans Adolf Jacobsen and J. Rohwer. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1965.
“Ship Found Awash: Rescue Craft Rushed to Tanker When Plane Reports Plight.”
New York Times
, January 15, 1942.
Shirer, William.
The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich
. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1959.
“‘Sighted Sub; Sank Same,’ Radios a Modern Perry in Naval Plane.”
New York Times
, January 30, 1942.
“Stimson Disclaims Raid Story.”
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, March 6, 1942.
Taylor, Blaine. “The Onetime U-boat Commander’s Career Ladder Led All the Way to the Top—as Hitler’s Own Successor.”
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Tennant, Diane. “Torpedoed.”
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, October 31, 1940.
Trussell, C. P. “Navy Called Slow in Submarine War.”
New York Times
, April 21, 1943.
Walling, Michael G. “Dangerous Duty in the North Atlantic.”
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UNPUBLISHED OR PRIVATE MANUSCRIPTS
Degen, Horst.
U-701: Glory and Tragedy
. Unpublished manuscript, November 1965.
Low, Francis S., Adm. USN (Ret.). “A Personal Narrative of Association with Fleet Admiral Ernest J. King, U.S. Navy.” Unpublished essay, 1961.
Poyer, David C. “Death of a U-Boat.” Manuscript provided by the author, April 1982.
ORAL HISTORY INTERVIEWS
Kane, Harry J. “Oral History Interview, Harry J. Kane.” East Carolina University Manuscript Collection, Oral History Interview No. 71, September 29, 1978.
McRea, John L. “Reminiscences of Vice Admiral John L. McRea USN (Ret.).” Oral History Collection, US Naval Institute, Annapolis, Maryland, 1990.
ONLINE SOURCES
American Merchant Marine at War:
www.usmm.org
HyperWar: Hypertext History of World War II:
www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar
Individual Allied convoy reports, posted at ConvoyWeb:
www.convoyweb.org.uk
Naval-History.net
:
www.naval-history.net
NavSource.org
:
www.navsource.org
U-boat Archive:
www.uboatarchive.net
Uboat.net
:
www.uboat.net
Ubootwaffe.net
:
www.ubootwaffe.net
Warsailors.com
:
www.warsailors.com
Wreck Site:
www.wrecksite.eu
A. H. Bull Steamship Company,
155
A-20 Havoc,
4
,
27
A-29 Contractor’s Handbook
A-29 Hudson,
4
,
27
,
254
bombs carried by,
166–167
Kane, Harry, on,
167
AA,
134
ABC-1 Agreement,
53
Atlantic Fleet and,
40–41
ABDA,
53
Abwehr,
162
,
237
Administrative Code,
83
Admiralstabsoffizier
,
82
Admiralty Trade Division,
88
Advanced Pilot Training School,
27
Aeronautical Division (US Army Signal Corps),
144
Afrika Korps,
197
Agronaut Conference,
197
Air Corps Tactical School,
26
air traffic controller,
5
aircraft
accidents of,
168
antisubmarine capabilities of,
143
against submarines,
142
airpower
of Britain,
147
German,
144
as primary military force,
143
against U-boats,
147–148
Ålesund, Norway
139
Aleutians,
172
,
242
Alger, Lieutenant James, USCG,
188
Allied Merchant Ships Code
Battle of the Atlantic and,
82–83
Amagansett,
236
Ambrose Channel,
113
Ambrose Light,
116
American high command,
45
,
70
Andrews, Vice Admiral Adolphus A. “Dolly” USN,
96
,
116
,
145
,
149
,
154
,
163
,
234