The Edward Snowden Affair (56 page)

¹⁰⁴
The White House. “Presidential Memorandum — National Insider Threat Policy and Minimum Standards for Executive Branch Insider Threat Programs.”
The White House of the United States
. Nov. 21, 2012.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2012/11/21/presidentialmemorandum-national-insider-threat-policy-and-minimum-stand
.

¹⁰⁵
Whitlock, Craig and Barton Gellman. “U.S. documents detail al-Qaeda’s efforts to fight back against drones.”
The Washington Post
. Sept. 3, 2013.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/usdocuments-detail-al-qaedas-efforts-to-fight-back-against-drones/2013/09/03/b83e7654-11c0-11e3-b630-36617ca6640f_story.html
.

¹⁰⁶
The Washington Post. “Tracking America’s drone war.”
The Washington Post
. Oct. 23, 2012.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/trackingamericas-drone-war/2012/10/23/b16c0106-1d52-11e2-9cd5b55c38388962_graphic.html
.

¹⁰⁷
Miller, Greg, et al. “Top-secret U.S. intelligence files show new levels of distrust of Pakistan.”
The Washington Post
. Sept. 2, 2013.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/top-secret-usintelligence-files-show-new-levels-of-distrust-of-pakistan/2013/09/02/e19d03c2-11bf-11e3-b630-36617ca6640f_story.html?wprss=rss_nationalsecurity
.

¹⁰⁸
Der Spiegel. “’Success Story’: NSA Targeted French Foreign Ministry.”
Der Spiegel
. Sept. 1, 2013.
http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/nsa-targeted-french-foreign-ministry-a-919693.html
.

¹⁰⁹
Fantastico. “Documentos revelam esquema de agência dos EUA para espionar Dilma.”
Fantastico
. Sept. 1, 2013.
http://g1.globo.com/fantastico/noticia/2013/09/documentos-revelam-esquema-de-agenciados-eua-para-espionar-dilma-rousseff.html
.

¹¹⁰
Romero, Simon and Randal Archibold. “Brazil Angered Over Report N.S.A. Spied on President.”
The New York Times
. Sept. 2, 2013.
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/03/world/americas/brazil-angered-overreport-nsa-spied-on-president.html?_r=3&%20(http://cryptome.org/2013/09/nsa-spying-brazil.htm&
.

¹¹¹
Kusnetz, Nicholas and Karen Weise. “A Reading List to Put the WikiLeaks ‘War Logs’ in Context.”
ProPublica
. July 26, 2010.
http://www.propublica.org/article/A-Reading-List-to-Put-the-WikiLeaks-WarLogs-in-Context
.

¹¹²
Kissane, Erin, et al. “ProPublica’s Jeff Larson on the NSA Crypto Story.”
Source
. Sept. 6, 2013.
http://source.mozillaopennews.org/en-US/articles/propublicas-jeff-larson-nsa-crypto-story/
.

¹¹³
Ball, James, et al. “Revealed: how US and UK spy agencies defeat internet privacy and security.”
The Guardian
. Sept. 5, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/sep/05/nsa-gchq-encryptioncodes-security
.

¹¹⁴
McCullagh, Declan and Anne Broache. “Security firms on police spyware, in their own words.”
CNet
. July 17, 2007.
http://news.cnet.com/2100-7348_3-6196990.html
.

¹¹⁵
Internet archive. Man-in-the-Middle slide.
DocumentCloud
. Dec. 16, 2013.
https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/785152-166819124-mitmgoogle.html
.

¹¹⁶
Peterson, Andrea. “Post reporter: Here’s why we refused the NSA’s demand to censor the names of PRISM companies.”
The Washington Post
. Oct. 9, 2013.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-switch/wp/2013/10/09/heres-why-we-refused-the-nsas-demand-to-censor-thenames-of-prism-companies/
.

¹¹⁷
Larson, Jeff, et al. “Revealed: The NSA’s Secret Campaign to Crack, Undermine Internet Security.”
ProPublica
. Sept. 5, 2013.
http://www.propublica.org/article/the-nsas-secret-campaign-to-crackundermine-internet-encryption
.

¹¹⁸
Perlroth, Nicole, et al. “N.S.A. Able to Foil Basic Safeguards of Privacy on Web.”
The New York Times
. Sept. 5, 2013.
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/06/us/nsa-foils-much-internet-encryption.html?_r=1&
.

¹¹⁹
Zetter, Kim. “Router Flaw Is a Ticking Bomb.”
Wired
. Aug. 1, 2005.
http://www.wired.com/politics/security/news/2005/08/68365?currentPage=all
.

¹²⁰
Poitras, Laura and Jacob Appelbaum. “Edward Snowden Interview: The NSA and Its Willing Helpers.”
Der Spiegel
. July 8, 2013.
http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/interview-with-whistlebloweredward-snowden-on-global-spying-a-910006.html
.

¹²¹
Cf. 8.14

¹²²
Watts, Jonathan. “NSA accused of spying on Brazilian oil company Petrobras.”
The Guardian
. Sept. 9, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/sep/09/nsa-spying-brazil-oil-petrobras
.

¹²³
Cf. 8.122

¹²⁴
Cf. 8.115

¹²⁵
Lederman, Josh. “Obama talks with Mexico, Brazil leaders on NSA.”
The Big Story
. Sept. 6, 2013.
http://bigstory.ap.org/article/obama-talksmexico-brazil-leaders-nsa
.

¹²⁶
Reuters. “Obama and Rousseff meet in Russia after disclosure of alleged U.S. spying.”
Reuters
. Sept. 6, 2013.
http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/09/06/us-usa-security-snowden-brazil-idUSBRE98505220130906
.

¹²⁷
Reuters. “Dilma Rousseff Cancels U.S. Trips Over Claims Of NSA Spying On Brazil’s President.”
Reuters
. Sept. 17, 2013.
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/09/17/rouseff-cancels-ustrip_n_3941973.html
.

¹²⁸
Cf. 8.110

¹²⁹
Brooks, Bradley. “Rousseff wants Web servers to be housed in Brazil.”
Yahoo
. Sept. 12, 2013.
http://news.yahoo.com/rousseff-wants-servershoused-brazil-235521587.html
.

¹³⁰
Cf. 8.129

¹³¹
Rosenbach, Marcel. “iSpy: How the NSA Accesses Smartphone Data.”
Der Spiegel
. Sept. 9, 2013.
http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/how-the-nsa-spies-on-smartphones-including-the-blackberry-a921161.html
.

¹³²
Svensson, Peter. “Smartphones now outsell ‘dumb’ phones.”
3News
. Apr. 29, 2013.
http://www.3news.co.nz/Smartphones-now-outselldumb-phones/tabid/412/articleID/295878/Default.aspx
.

¹³³
Kravets, David. “Mobile ‘Rootkit’ Maker Tries to Silence Critical Android Dev.”
Wired
. Nov. 22, 2011.
http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2011/11/rootkit-brouhaha/
.

¹³⁴
Chen, Brian. “Programmer Raises Concerns About Phone-Monitoring Software.”
The New York Times
. Dec. 1, 2011.
http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/12/01/programmer-raises-concernsabout-phone-monitoring-software/
.

¹³⁵
Priest, Dana. “NSA growth fueled by need to target terrorists.”
The Washington Post
. July 21, 2013.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/nsa-growth-fueled-by-need-to-targetterrorists/2013/07/21/24c93cf4-f0b1-11e2-bed3b9b6fe264871_story.html
.

¹³⁶
Zetter, Kim. “Researcher: Middle East BlackBerry update spies on users.”
Wired
. July 15, 2009.
http://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2009-07/15/researcher-says-middle-east-blackberry-update-spies-on-users
.

¹³⁷
Kaplan, Lewis. Court opinion on United States District Court v. John Tomero, et al. Politech: Politics &
Technology
. Nov. 27, 2006.
http://www.politechbot.com/docs/fbi.ardito.roving.bug.opinion.120106.txt
.

¹³⁸
Der Spiegel. Three NSA smartphone surveillance slides.
Der Spiegel
. Dec. 16, 2013.
http://www.spiegel.de/fotostrecke/photo-galleryspying-on-smartphones-fotostrecke-101201.html
.

¹³⁹
Rodriguez, Salvador. “Unlocking smartphones without permission illegal after Friday.”
Los Angeles Times
. Jan. 25, 2013.
http://articles.latimes.com/2013/jan/25/business/la-fi-tn-unlock-phone-illegal20130125
.

A
FTERWORD

¹
     Ed. William Temple Franklin. Charleston: Nabu Press, 2010.

²
     Lanchester, John. “The Snowden files: why the British public should be worried about GCHQ.”
The Guardian
. Oct. 3, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/oct/03/edward-snowden-filesjohn-lanchester
.

³
     Cf. A.2

⁴
     Department of Homeland Security. “Analyst’s Desktop Binder.”
Epic
. 2011.
https://epic.org/foia/epic-v-dhs-media-monitoring/Analyst-Desktop-Binder-REDACTED.pdf
.

⁵
     The White House. “Daily Briefing by the Press Secretary, 9/30/13.”
The White House of the United States
. Sept. 30, 2013.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/09/30/daily-briefing-presssecretary-93013
.

⁶
     Risen, James and Laura Poitras. “N.S.A. Gathers Data on Social Connections of U.S. Citizens.”
The New York Times
. Sept. 28, 2013.
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/29/us/nsa-examines-social-networks-ofus-citizens.html?_r=0&pagewanted=all
.

⁷
     Savage, Charlie. “In Test Project, N.S.A. Tracked Cellphone Locations.”
The New York Times
. Oct. 2, 2013.
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/03/us/nsa-experiment-traced-us-cellphone-locations.html?_r=1&
.

⁸
     Gellman, Barton and Matt DeLong. “The NSA’s problem? Too much data.”
The Washington Post
. Oct. 14, 2013.
http://apps.washingtonpost.com/g/page/world/the-nsas-overcollectionproblem/517/
.

⁹
     Ball, James. “Xbox Live among game services targeted by US and UK spy agencies.”
The Guardian
. Dec. 9, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/dec/09/nsa-spies-online-gamesworld-warcraft-second-life
.

¹⁰
   Education Database Online. “Videogame Statistics.”
Education Online
. Dec. 16, 2013.
http://www.onlineeducation.net/videogame
.

¹¹
   The Washington Post. “Ecuador’s foreign minister publicly reads Snowden asylum request letter.”
The Washington Post
. June 24, 2013.
http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-06-24/world/40157366_1_human-rights-universal-declaration-asylum-request
.

¹²
   Cassidy, John. “Demonizing Edward Snowden: Which Side Are You On?”
The New Yorker
. June 24, 2013.
http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/johncassidy/2013/06/demonizing-edward-snowdenwhich-side-are-you-on.html
.

¹³
   Privacy International. “Surveillance Monitor 2007 - International country rankings.”
Privacy International
. Dec. 13, 2007.
https://www.privacyinternational.org/reports/surveillance-monitor-2007international-country-rankings
.

¹⁴
   Cushing, Tim. “Former NSA Officer: Wikileaks Is A Front For Russian Intelligence And Snowden’s (Probably) A Spy.”
TechDirt
. Sept. 12, 2013.
http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20130910/13145824474/former-nsaofficer-wikileaks-is-front-russian-intelligence-snowdens-probablyspy.shtml
.

¹⁵
   RT. “Obama administration drowning in lawsuits filed over NSA surveillance.”
RT
. July 16, 2013.
http://rt.com/usa/snowden-leakssurveillance-suits-174/
.

¹⁶
   Bowe, Rebecca. “NSA surveillance: protesters stage Restore the Fourth rallies across US.”
The Guardian
. July 5, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/04/restore-the-fourthprotesters-nsa-surveillance
.

¹⁷
   Newell, Jim. “Thousands gather in Washington for anti-NSA ‘Stop Watching Us’ rally.”
The Guardian
. Oct. 26, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/oct/26/nsa-rally-stop-watchingwashington-snowden
.

¹⁸
   Lewis, Paul and Philip Oltermann. “NSA denies discussing Merkel phone surveillance with Obama.”
The Guardian
. Oct. 27, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/oct/27/barack-obama-nsa-angelamerkel-germany
.

¹⁹
   The White House. “Press Briefing by Press Secretary Jay Carney, 10/28/13.”
The White House of the United States
. Oct. 28, 2013.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/10/28/press-briefingpress-secretary-jay-carney-112813
.

²⁰
   Washington’s Blog. “Head of Congressional Intelligence Committee: ‘You Can’t Have Your Privacy Violated If You Don’t KNOW Your Privacy Is Violated.’”
Washington’s Blog
. Oct. 30, 2013.
http://www.washingtonsblog.com/2013/10/head-of-congressionalintelligence-committee-you-cant-have-your-privacy-violated-if-you-dontknow-your-privacy-is-violated.html
.

²¹
   Greenberg, Andy. “NSA Implementing ‘Two-Person’ Rule To Stop The Next Edward Snowden.”
Forbes
. June 18, 2013.
http://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/06/18/nsa-director-saysagency-implementing-two-person-rule-to-stop-the-next-edwardsnowden/
.

²²
   Bierman, Noah and Bryan Bender. “Leaks show US intelligence vulnerability.”
The Boston Globe
. June 11, 2013.
http://www.bostonglobe.com/news/nation/2013/06/10/surveillance-leakspoint-hole-security-system-more-people-more-levels-gain-access/d85USWewpmk5HiG72HZ9EO/story.html
.