The Mathers: Three Generations of Puritan Intellectuals, 1596-1728 (106 page)

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Authors: Robert Middlekauff

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11. There is a brilliant discussion of the covenant in Perry Miller,
The New England Mind: The Seventeenth Century
(New York, 1939; Cambridge, Mass., 1954), 365-462.
12. It is impossible to date precisely the shifts in Mather's preaching, for they occurred gradually. It should also be noted that he preached jeremiads until the end of his life, though their frequency falls oil, comparatively, in his last years.
13. Mather said this often; he also warned against "meet Doctrinal or Historical Faith" in contrast to genuine saving faith. See, for example,
A Plain Discourse Shewing Who Shall, and Who Shah Not Enter into the Kingdom of Heaven
, 17.
14. Perry Miller discusses these developments throughout From
Colony To Province
.
15. Mather,
Faith At Work; Utilia; The High Attainment
(Boston, 1703) are representative of many works in which these themes are treated.
16. Cotton Mather,
Several Sermons Concerning Walking With God
(London, 1689), 81-2;
The Great Physician
(Boston, 1700), 7-20, and
passim; Parental Wishes And Charges. Or, The Enjoyment of A Glorious Christ
(Boston, 1705), 55-56, and
passim; Reason Satisfied: And Faith Established
(Boston, 1712), 35;
Things To Be More Thought Upon
(Boston, 1713), 28-34; and see below, Chapter 16.
 
Page 408
17. Cotton Mather,
The Salvation Of The Soul Considered
(Boston, 1720), 15.
18. See above, Chapter 13.
19. Cotton Mather,
The Resort of Piety
(Boston, 1716), 7, 8, 10, and
passim
.
20. Mather sometimes used these figures in other ways too, as for example in this reference to ministers: "
Death
is a
Wolf
, that will Sieze, even on the
Shepherds of
the
People,
" in
Orphanotrophium
(Boston, 1711), 15.
21. I have not been able to discover when Mather first read Thomas à Kempis. He wrote an ambitious preface to Samuel Lee,
A Summons Or Warning To The Great Day of Judgment
(Boston, 1692) in which à Kempis is mentioned. Mather was reading Kempis in 1719. See
Diary
, II, 582-83. It is worth noting again the enormous force of Increase Mather's
Christology
.
22. Cotton Mather,
Addresses To Old Men, and Young Men, and Little Children
(Boston, 1690), 7-8.
23. Cotton Mather,
Christianity To The Life
(Boston, 1702), 17.
24. Cotton Mather,
The Heavenly Conversation
(Boston, 1710), 13; and see also 16-25.
25.
Ibid
. 23-24.
26. The
Diary
is full of his attempts at the imitation of Christ. I have discussed some of them in "Piety And Intellect In Puritanism",
William and Mary Quarterly
3d. Ser. (July 1965), XXII, 457-70.
27. The terms "vital", "strengthen", "quicken", ''overpower'', in this context, all connotative of a new energy, appear repeatedly in Mather's sermons of the eighteenth century.
28. For these themes, see Cotton Mather,
A Life of Piety Resolv'd Upon
(Boston, 1714);
The Stone Cut Out Of The Mountain
(Boston, 1716);
The Resort of Piety; Utilia; Genethlia Pia
(Boston, 1719);
The Words of Understanding
(Boston, 1724).

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