The Roberts Court: The Struggle for the Constitution (59 page)

Comstock
opinion of,
293

confrontation clause and,
17

dissenting votes of,
94
–95

Heller
dissent of,
180
,
189
,
190
–91

in
Heller
oral arguments,
178

Humanitarian Law Project
dissent of,
302

and
Kennedy v. Louisiana
,
184
–85

Montana campaign finance case dissent of,
346

as pragmatist,
167
–68

Scalia’s disagreements with,
167
–69

Seattle-Louisville case dissent of,
111
–12,
115
–16

in Seattle-Louisville oral arguments,
101

Second Amendment interpretation of,
146

Sorrell
dissent of,
327

Vermont campaign finance opinion of,
211

as willing to compromise,
94
–95

Broken Promises
(film),
206

Brose, Kathleen,
28
,
32
,
35
,
37
–38,
40
,
41
,
48
,
51
,
54
,
63
,
77
,
85
,
87
,
98
,
102
,
118

Brown, Floyd,
200
,
201

Brown, Mary,
285

Brown, Scott,
286

Browne, Sharon,
63
,
64
,
78

Seattle lawsuit and,
49
,
52
,
87
–89

Brown v. Board of Education
,
2
,
29
–30,
34
,
43
–44,
78
,
86
,
101
,
109
,
111
,
112
,
165
,
168
,
332

Roberts’s alleged distortion of,
113
–15

Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Association
,
325
–26,
382

Bryan, William Jennings,
208

Buckley, James,
209

Buckley v. Valeo
,
203
,
209
–12,
259
,
270
–71,
274
,
275
,
276

Burger, Warren,
14
,
44
,
45

on Second Amendment,
124
,
147

Burger Court,
50

Bakke
decision of,
57
–58

Bellotti
decision of,
259

Buckley v. Valeo
decision of,
209
–12

desegregation rulings by,
43
–46

Burton, Dan,
201

Bush, George W.,
202
,
241

Alito nominated by,
25
,
70
–71

judicial nominees of,
212

Miers nominated by,
18

Roberts nominated by,
20
,
60

in 2000 election,
218

in 2004 election,
202

warrantless wiretapping authorized by,
68
–69,
71

Bush, Jeb,
88

Bush (G.H.W.) administration, Roberts in,
19
,
21
,
23

Bush (G.W.) administration,
364
n

detainee policies of,
73
,
82
–83,
151
,
175
,
182
–84,
220
,
237

Federalist Society and,
50

Michigan affirmative action cases and,
90

military commissions of,
73
,
82
–83,
151
,
237
,
376

preemption and,
311

Second Amendment interpretation of,
126
–27,
129
,
137
–38,
152
,
153
,
154
,
156

Bush v. Gore
,
6
,
7
,
20
,
50
,
90
,
199
,
226
,
267
,
268
,
299
,
320
,
332
,
352

Byrd, Robert,
71

California:

Proposition 8 in,
132
,
226
,
268
,
320
,
366
n

Proposition 209 in,
49
–50

California, University of, at Davis,
57

California Civil Rights Initiative Campaign,
49

campaign finance,
199
–278

Arizona Free Enterprise Club
case and,
327
–28,
382

Austin
case and,
204
,
224
,
227
,
228
,
249
,
251
,
252

Buckley v. Valeo
and,
209
–12,
259

Caperton
case and,
229
–31

Davis
case and,
186
,
216
–17,
218

First Amendment and,
186
–87,
200

functional equivalency test in,
212
,
213
,
219
,
228
,
229
,
234

issue ads and,
203
,
212
–13,
215
,
217

McCain-Feingold Act as attempt to regulate,
203
,
378

McConnell
case and,
204
,
210
,
212
,
213
,
214
,
224
,
226
,
227
,
231
,
249
,
252

Montana case and,
274
–75,
334
,
346

Roberts test for,
213
,
217
,
224

soft money and,
273

special interest money in,
203

Super PACs and,
275
–77

Taft-Hartley Act and,
209

Tillman Act and,
207
–9

Vermont case and,
211
–12,
218

see also Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission; Wisconsin Right to Life (WRTL)
case

Caperton, Hugh,
230

Caperton v. A.T. Massey Coal Co
.,
229
–31,
271
,
379

Kennedy’s opinion in,
244
–45

Roberts’s dissent in,
244

Carhart
case,
97
,
106
–7,
215
,
376

Carter, Robert,
114
,
115

Carvin, Michael,
117
–18

Affordable Care brief of,
340

in Affordable Care cases,
338
,
340

in Affordable Care oral arguments,
343
–44

Casey, Lee:

in Affordable Care cases,
284
–86,
288

Wall Street Journal
op-ed column of,
283

Cato Institute,
128
,
129
,
142
,
179
,
229

Ceballos, Richard,
269

Celsius 41.11
(film),
205
–6

Center for Equal Opportunity,
77
,
87

Center for Individual Rights,
56

Center for Political Accountability,
229

Center for Public Integrity,
217

cert pool,
74

Chafee, Lincoln,
70

Chamber of Commerce v. Whiting
,
381

Cheney, Dick,
20

Heller
amicus brief joined by,
155
–56,
161

Second Amendment interpretation of,
154
,
156

Chicago handgun case,
see McDonald v. City of Chicago

Chief Justice, opinion assignments by,
180
–81

child labor,
290

Christian Legal Society v. Martinez
,
302

Citizens for Voluntary Integration Committee,
35

Citizens United,
199
,
216
,
225
,
277

board of,
201
–2

budget of,
202

corporate electioneering restrictions and,
227
–28

disclosure requirements and,
227
–28

in FEC complaint against
Fahrenheit 9/11
ads,
202
–3,
204
–5

FEC lawsuit of,
see Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission

lobbying arm of,
202

movies produced by,
205
–6

PAC of,
202

Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission
,
3
,
6
,
7
,
8
,
10
,
98
,
108
,
187
,
220
,
224
–28,
245
,
300
,
316
,
380

amicus briefs in,
229

Austin
case and,
270
–71,
272

book-banning issue in,
235
,
236
,
250

Bopp replaced by Olson in,
225
–26

Bossie and Boos’s search for legal team for,
207

consequences of,
273
–78

D.C. Appeals Court ruling on,
219

facial constitutionality and,
226
–27

functional equivalency test and,
219
,
228
,
229
,
234

in Kagan confirmation hearings,
304
,
306

Kennedy and,
245

Kennedy’s draft opinion in,
251
,
252

Kennedy’s opinion in,
270
–72,
277

McConnell
case and,
270
–71,
274

Montana campaign finance case and,
334
,
346

as narrowly framed,
224

oral arguments in,
233
–36,
250
–51

PACs and,
271
–72,
275
–76

precedent and,
272
,
273

public reaction to,
273
–74,
277
–78

Roberts’s concurring opinion in,
272

Scalia on meaning of,
274
,
275

Scalia’s concurring opinion in,
272

solicitor general’s brief in,
228
–29

Souter’s draft dissent in,
251
,
252

Stevens dissent in,
270
,
271
,
272
–73

Supreme Court case as goal of,
207
,
277

Thomas’s concurring opinion in,
272

Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission
, reargument of,
78
–79,
248
–52,
256
–58

Abrams in,
260
–61,
263
–64

Alito in,
264

amicus briefs in,
258

Austin
case and,
249
,
252
,
258
,
261
,
262
–65,
269

book-banning issue in,
262
,
265

Ginsburg in,
262
–63,
265

Kagan in,
257
–58,
262
,
264
–65

McConnell
case and,
249
,
252
,
260
–61,
269

Olson in,
256
–57,
260
,
262
–65

Roberts in,
264

Scalia in,
264
–65

Sotomayor in,
263
–64

Waxman in,
265

Civil Rights Act (1866),
136

Civil Rights Act (1964),
291

Civil War, U.S.,
136

Clean Air Act (1970),
106
,
307
,
324
,
376

Clean Water Act (1972),
83
,
307
,
345
,
364
n

Clegg, Roger,
77
–78

and Seattle-Louisville cases,
87

Clement, Paul,
90
–91,
187

Affordable Care brief of,
340

in Affordable Care cases,
320
,
334
,
337
–38,
340

in Affordable Care oral arguments,
343
–44

background of,
337

Heller
brief of,
152
,
153
–56

in
Heller
oral arguments,
173
,
174
,
178
,
320

in
McDonald
case,
337
–38

in Seattle-Louisville case,
92
,
99
,
100
,
320

Clinton, Bill,
158
,
167
,
200
,
282

Clinton, Hillary:

health care reform and,
283

2008 presidential campaign of,
200
,
206
,
227
–28

Whitewater and,
201

Clinton administration:

Kagan in,
305

Second Amendment interpretation of,
125
–26

Coburn, Thomas,
304
,
305