The Spanish Holocaust (101 page)

Andreu Nin (head of the POUM) and Vladimir Antonov-Ovseenko (Russian Consul.)

Josif Grigulevich, (NKVD assassin, organizer of the Republic’s crack security squads, the Brigadas Especiales, and almost certainly the murderer of Andreu Nin), Roman Karmen, then two of the NKVD staff, Lev Vasilevsky and then his boss, Grigory Sergeievich Syroyezhkin. Madrid, October 1936.

Vittorio Vidali, pseudonym Carlos Contreras, a member of the NKVD Administration for Special Tasks (assassination, terror, sabotage and abductions) also involved in the execution of right-wing prisoners, with the journalist Claud Cockburn.

Refugees flee from Queipo’s repression in Málaga towards Almería.

Exhaustion overcomes the refugees from Málaga on the road to Almería.

The Regulares enter northern Catalonia, January 1939.

Republican prisoners packed into the fortress of Montjuich in Barcelona, February 1939.

No military threat from those making the long trek to the French border.

A crowd of Spanish women and children refugees cross the border into France at Le Perthus.

Recently arrived at Argelès, women await classification.

The male refugees are detained at Argelès – the only facility being barbed wire.

Prisoners carry rocks up the staircase at the Mauthausen-Gusen death camp near Linz.

A beaming Franco welcomes Himmler to Madrid. On the right, in black uniform, Ramón Serrano Suñer, centre Moscardó with dark glasses.