Chapter XCIV. The Gaul Dares Not Kill Gaius Marius
Chapter XCV. Marius Returns to Rome
Chapter XCVI. The Orator Aristion
Chapter XCVII. Sulla Besieges Athens
Chapter XCVIII. Sulla Saves Rome from the Samnites
Chapter XCIX. The Proscriptions of Sulla
Chapter C. The Gladiators' Revolt
Chapter CI. The Pirates
Chapter CII. Pompey Goes to War with Mithridates
Chapter CIII. Cicero Discovers the Catilinarian Conspiracy
Chapter CIV. The Death of the Conspirators
Chapter CV. Julius Caesar Is Captured by Pirates
Chapter CVI. Caesar Gives up His Triumph
Chapter CVII. Caesar Praises His Tenth Legion
Chapter CVIII. Caesar Wins a Great Victory over the Nervii
Chapter CIX. Caesar Invades Britain
Chapter CX. Caesar Crosses the Rubicon
Chapter CXI. Caesar and the Pilot
Chapter CXII. The Flight of Pompey
Chapter CXIII. Cato Dies Rather Than Yield to Caesar
Chapter CXIV. Caesar Is Loaded with Honours
Chapter CXV. The Nobles Plot against Caesar
Chapter CXVI. The Assassination of Caesar
Chapter CXVII. Brutus Speaks to the Citizens
Chapter CXVIII. Mark Antony Speaks to the Citizens
Chapter CXIX. The Second Triumvirate
Chapter CXX. The Battle of Philippi
Chapter CXXI. The Death of Brutus
Chapter CXXII. Antony and Cleopatra
Chapter CXXIII. The Battle of Actium
Chapter CXXIV. Antony and Cleopatra Die
Chapter CXXV. The Emperor Augustus
CHAPTER I
The Lady Roma
L
ONG
, long years ago, Troy, one of the great cities in Asia Minor, was taken by the Greeks.
Many mighty Trojans had defended their city well, and among them all none had fought more bravely than the prince Æneas.
But when Æneas saw that the Greeks had set fire to the city, he fled, carrying, it is said, his father on his shoulders, and grasping by the hand his son Ascanius.
Moreover, so precious to him was the sacred image of the goddess Pallas, that he saved it from the burning city.
The gods, pleased with his reverence, helped him in his flight by building a ship. So when Æneas reached the sea he at once embarked in it, with his followers and their wives, and sailed away to seek for a new land in which to build a new city.
As the Trojans sailed they saw a bright star shining above them. Day and night the star was always to be seen, showing the seafarers the direction in which to steer.
At length the Trojans reached the western shore of Italy, and here, at a town called Latium, they disembarked.
The women were weary of the sea, and no sooner had they landed than they began to wonder how they could persuade their husbands to journey no farther, but to settle in the pleasant country which they had reached.
Among these women was a lady of noble birth, who was wise as she was good.
Roma, for that was the lady's name, proposed that they should burn the ship in which they had sailed. Then it would be impossible for their husbands to go any farther in search of a new home.
The other women agreed to Roma's daring plan, and with mingled hope and fear the ship was set on fire.
When the men saw the flames devouring the vessel they were troubled, but when they found out how it had been set on fire, they were angry.
Yet, as anger could not give them back their ship, and as Italy was a pleasant land, the men did as the women wished. They settled near a hill called Mount Palatine, and there they built a city.
Some old stories tell that the city was called Rome after Roma, the noble lady who had first thought of setting the ship on fire.
But other stories say that the country in which Æneas landed belonged to a king named Latinus, who welcomed the Trojan, and gave him ground on which to build. Æneas married Lavinia, the daughter of the king, and called the city which he built after her Lavinium.
Soon after this, King Latinus was killed in battle, and then for three years Æneas ruled well and wisely not only over his own Trojan followers, but also over the subjects of his royal father-in-law. His people he now called Latins, in memory of King Latinus.
When the three years were passed, war broke out against the Etruscans, who were at that time the most powerful tribe in Italy.
One day a terrible storm overtook the armies on the battlefield; so dark grew the clouds that the soldiers could not see each other.
When at length the sky cleared Æneas had disappeared, and was seen no more on earth.
"The gods have taken him away," said the Latins. So they built an altar, and henceforth worshipped their king as the god Jupiter.
Ascanius, who had escaped from Troy with his father, now ruled in Lavinium. But he soon found that the city was not large enough for all his people; so, leaving Lavinium, he built a new city, and called it Alba Longa, or the Long White City.
Alba Longa stood in the midst of the Alban hills, not far from the site on which Rome itself was soon to be built.
CHAPTER II
The She-Wolf
A
FTER
the death of Ascanius nearly three hundred years passed away, and then a king named Proca died, leaving behind him two sons. The name of the elder was Numitor, the name of the younger Amulius.
The crown belonged by right to Numitor, the elder son, but Amulius, who was ambitious, was not willing that his brother should reign. So he said to Numitor, "One of us shall wear the crown, and to the other shall belong the gold and treasures left by our father Proca."
The story does not tell if Numitor was indignant with his brother, and said that the crown belonged to him; it only tells that Numitor chose to reign, as was indeed his right.
Amulius then seized the gold and treasure, and bribed his followers to drive Numitor from the throne and to make him king.
This, in their greed, they were soon persuaded to do.
Ere long Numitor was banished from the city, and Amulius, to his great content, began to reign.
But the king was soon surprised to find that the crown rested uneasily upon his head.
It might be that the children of Numitor would some day wrench the crown from him, even as he had wrenched it from their father.
That this might never be, Amulius, thinking to get rid of fear, ordered Numitor's son to be slain, while his daughter Silvia was kept, by the command of the king, in a temple sacred to the goddess Vesta. Here the maiden tended the altar fire, which was never allowed to die.
But the god Mars, angry, it might well be, with the cruelty of Amulius, took pity upon the maiden and sent twin sons to cheer her in her loneliness. Such strong beautiful babes had never before been seen.
As for the king, when he heard of the birth of these little boys he was both angry and afraid, lest they should grow into strong men and wrest his kingdom from him.
In his fear Amulius ordered Silvia to be shut up in a prison for the rest of her life, and her beautiful boys he commanded to be thrown into the river Tiber.
Heavy rains had fallen of late, and as the king knew, the river had overflowed its banks, but of this he recked not at all, although, indeed, the flood was to be his undoing.
Two servants, obeying the cruel order of Amulius, placed the baby boys in a basket, and going to the Tiber, flung their burden into the river.
Like a boat the basket floated hither and thither on the water, until at length, carried onward by the flood, it was washed ashore at the foot of a hill called Mount Palatine.
Here, under the shade of a wild fig-tree, the basket was overturned, and the babes lay safe and sound upon the dry ground, while the river stole softly backward into its accustomed channel.
A she-wolf, coming to the edge of the river to drink, heard their cries.
Before long the babes awoke hungry and began to cry. A she-wolf coming to the edge of the river to drink heard their cries, and carried them away to her cave, where she fed them with her milk, just as she would have fed her lost cubs. She washed them, too, as she was used to wash her own children, by licking them with her tongue.
CHAPTER III
The Twin Boys
T
HE
twin boys, it was said, were guarded by the god Mars. So it was not strange that, as they grew older, the god should send his sacred birds, the woodpeckers, to feed the children. In and out of the cave the birds flew each day, bringing with them food for the little boys.
But neither the wolf nor the birds could do all that was needful, so before long, the god who watched over the children sent Faustulus to their aid.
Faustulus was one of the herdsmen of King Amulius. He had often seen the wolf going in and out of the cave, and had noticed, too, how the woodpeckers came and went each day. So when the wolf went off to prowl in the woods, Faustulus ventured into the cave, where to his amazement he found two beautiful and well-fed children. He took them in his arms and carried them home to his wife. She gladly welcomed the little strangers, and, naming them Romulus and Remus, brought them up as though they had been her own sons.
As the years passed the boys grew ever more beautiful. Stronger and braver, too, they became, until the rough herdsmen among whom they dwelt called them princes.
The lads soon showed that they were fitted to lead the herdsmen. If wild beasts attacked the flocks, or if robbers tried to steal them, Romulus and Remus were ever the first to attack, and to drive away either the robbers or the wild beasts.
Faustulus lived on Mount Palatine, near to the spot where the boys had been washed ashore when they were babes.
This hill belonged to the cruel king Amulius, and it was his sheep and cattle that the princes, unwitting of the evil the king had done to them, defended from danger.
Not far from Mount Palatine was another hill, named Mount Aventine, and here also were herdsmen guarding flocks, but these herdsmen belonged to the dethroned King Numitor. Numitor was living quietly in the city of Alba.
Now it chanced that the herdsmen of Amulius began to quarrel with the herdsmen of Numitor. One evening, forgetting all about their enemies, the shepherds on Mount Palatine were merrymaking at a festival in honour of the god Pan.
Then the herdsmen on Mount Aventine said one to the other, "See, here is our chance. We will lay an ambush for these unwary merrymakers."
As the gods willed, they captured none other than Remus, and well pleased with their prize, they carried the prince a prisoner to their master Numitor.
CHAPTER IV
Numitor Recognises His Grandsons
T
HE
young prisoner was brought before Numitor in the city of Alba. No sooner had the old man's eyes fallen on the lad than he threw up his hands in amaze, and gazed more keenly at the prisoner.
"No herdsman this," muttered the old king to himself, "rather does he bear himself as a prince."
Scanning the face before him even more closely, it seemed to Numitor that the features were not unknown to him. Dreams of his lost daughter Silvia gladdened his heart.
Gently the old man tried to win the confidence of the lad, asking him who he was, and whence he came.
Remus was touched by the kindness of Numitor, and answered: "I will hide nothing from you, sire, for you seem of a princely temper, in that you give a hearing and examine before you punish."
Then he told the old man the story that Faustulus had often told to him and Romulus, of how the wolf had found them as babes on the banks of the river Tiber, and had carried them to her cave and fed them with her milk.
Long before Remus had ended his story, Numitor knew that it was his grandson, his daughter Silvia's child, who stood before him, and his old heart beat quick with joy. Here at length was one who would take his side against the cruel King Amulius.
At this moment Romulus, leading a rough band of herdsmen, approached the city gate, determined to rescue his brother from the hands of Numitor.
In the city were many folk who groaned under the tyranny of Amulius. These, hearing that Romulus was without the city gate, stole noiselessly away to join the prince, believing he had come to punish the king.