Â
Â
factorials
fairness
false significance
Farmer, Doyne
fate
Feller, William
Fermat, Pierre de
Feynman, Richard
file compression programs
financial markets
fingerprints
Fisher, Ronald Aylmer
Fitzroy, Robert
Flaminius, Gaius
Fleming, Alexander
FLINTS computer system
Flood, Merrill
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
fractions
France
Franklin, Benjamin
Franklin, Richard
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke
Frederick II, King of Prussia
free will
French Revolution
Friendly Society
Frost, Robert
Fuchs, Karl
function-space theory
Â
Â
Galen
Galileo Galilei
Galton, Francis
Gambler, The
(Dostoyevsky)
gambler's fallacy
gambling
addiction to
bias in
chances calculated in
cheating in
expectation in
financial investment as
gambler's advantage in
historical importance of
house advantage in
interrupted games in
intuition in
losses in
odds in
predictability in
“swank” in
winnings in
games:
of chance
interrupted
rules of
symmetrical
zero-sum
see also
specific games
game theory
Gauss, Carl Friedrich
Gay-Lussac, Joseph-Louis
“generating function,”
genetics
genome, human
geographical profiling
geometry
Germany
Gibbon, Edward
Gibbs, Josiah Willard
Gigerenzer, Gerd
Gilbert, G. K.
Gilligan, Timothy
Glaisher, James
global warming
God:
attributes of
existence of
laws of
will of
Gorgias
Gossett, W. J.
Grant, Ulysses S.
“granularity,”
Graunt, John
Great Britain
Great Fire of London (1666)
Greek civilization
Green, Nan
Guerry, André-Michel
guilds, medieval
Gustavus II Adolphus, King of Sweden
Â
Â
half-proofs
Hamlet
(Shakespeare)
Hammurabi
Hard Times
(Dickens)
hazard (game)
heart attacks
height distribution
Henry V
(Shakespeare)
Heraclitus
heredity
Hesiod
Hess, Thomas
Hill, Austin Bradford
hippocampus
Hippocrates
Hiroshima bombing (1945)
History of Civilization in England
(Buckle)
History of the Peloponnesian War
(Thucydides)
Hitler, Adolf
Hobbes, Thomas
Homer
“Hope” (Jarrell)
Horace
horse racing
Hudson, A. W.
human rights violations
Humboldt, Alexander von
Hume, David
hurricanes
hypertension
hypothalamus
hypotheses
Â
Â
ideas:
analysis of
big
convergence of
influence of
preconceived
quality of
Iliad
(Homer)
income levels
index of dispersion
Industrial Revolution
inertia-gravity waves
infanticide
infinity
inflection points
information:
arbitrage in
degradation of
financial
marginal utility of
sources of
in warfare
see also
data
Ingersoll, Robert
Ingram, Thomas
Inkerman, battle of
Institutes
(Justinian)
Insufficient Reason, Principle of
insurance
assessment in
brokers vs. underwriters for
building codes certified by
contracts for
credit
divine will and
ensemble forecasting in
experience in
fire
health
historical development of
individual premiums for
life
against losses
marine
“mathematical hope” in
probability in
profits from
rates for
reinsurance
risk redistributed by
satellite
statistics in
transportation
uniformity and universality of
value in
weather forecasts and
Intelsat
interest rates
interference patterns
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
inventories, supermarket
ISIS-4 medical trial
Islam
Â
Â
Jaggers, Joseph
James II, King of England
Japan
Jarrell, Randall
Jerrold, Douglas
Jesus Christ
Jevons, W. S.
Job, book of
Johnson, Lyndon B.
Joint Forces Command, U.S.
joint-stock companies
Jowett, Benjamin
Judaism
juries
Justinian
Â
Â
Kahn, Herman
Kahneman, Daniel
Kant, Immanuel
Karadzic, Radovan
Karas, Archie
Kennedy, John F.
Kepler, Johannes
Keppens, Jeroen
Keynes, John Maynard
Khayyám, Omar
Kinglake, Charles
Kissinger, Henry
Kolmogorov, Andrei Nikolaevich
Korean War
Kriegspiel
Â
Â
Laches
(Plato)
Lanarkshire milk experiment (1930)
Lancet, The
language
Laplace, Pierre-Simon, Marquis de
Las Vegas
Latin square
Lavoisier, Antoine-Laurent
law
ancient traditions of
British
civil
codification of
common
computer assistance for
criminal
enforcement of
etymology of
of evidence
fictional
law (
cont.
)
forensic
Greek approach to
guilt vs. innocence in
hypotheses in
Jewish
judgment and
justice and
logic of
medical
medieval
probability and
property
rhetoric of
Roman
rule of
statistical approach to
study of
trial
truth and
U.S.
verdicts in
witnesses and
Law, John
Law, Malcolm
“Law Like Love” (Auden)
laws:
of averages
divine
of error
general
moral
natural
physical
social
“learning terms,”
Leary, Richard
Lebesgue, Henri
Lee, Robert E.
Le Her (card game)
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm
Leray, Jean
Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim
Lewis, Charlton
Lexis, Wilhelm
Liber de ludo aleae
(Cardano)
Life and Labour of the People of London
(Booth)
life span
light, properties of
Linear B script
Little, William McCarty
Lloyd, Edward
Lloyd's of London
Llull, Ramon
LMX spiral
loans, conditional
logarithms
logic:
abductive
Boolean
cause and effect in
deductive
emotion vs.
false
formal
inductive
legal
mathematical
medieval approach to
perception vs.
pure
scientific
validity of
London
López, Francisco Solano
Lorenz, Edward
lotteries
Louis, Pierre Charles Alexander
Louis XVIII, King of France
lung cancer
Lyell, Charles
Â
Â
MacArthur, Douglas
Macbeth
(Shakespeare)
McClellan, George
McGrath, Jim
McNamara, Robert
“Mad President” strategy
magic
Magruder, John (“Prince John”)
Mahan, Alfred Thayer
Mahmood, Zia
Maistre, Joseph de
malaria
Malraux, André
Man in the Gray Flannel Suit, The
(Wilson)
Mao Zedong
Marinelli, Vince
Martial
Marx, Karl
Master Olof
(Strindberg)
mathematics:
abstraction in
applied
calculation in
forecasting and
functions in
hope and
inductive logic in
language of
proof in
pure
randomness in
in warfare
zero as concept in
matrix, game-theory
Maxim gun
Maxwell, James Clerk
Meadow, Sir Roy
measles
measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine
measure theory
Méchanique céleste
(Laplace)
Medicare/Medicaid reimbursement system
medicine
in antiquity
bias in
causation in
doctor-patient relationship in
drugs prescribed in
experimental trials in
health care systems and
illness as viewed in
legal aspect of
mortality rate and
placebo effect in
prognosis in
rare conditions in
risk assessment in
social role of
statistical approach to
Mellon, Paul, Jr.
Melville, Herman
Memoirs
(Gibbon)
Mendel, Gregor
mental illness
merchant trading
Merle, William
meta-analysis
Meteorological Office, British
meteorology
Meteorology
(Aristotle)
“method of finite differences,”
Midgley, Thomas
Millennium Challenge '02 military exercise
Millionaire calculator
Milosevic, Slobodan
Minucius, Lucius
Mises, Richard von
mixed strategy
Moby-Dick
(Melville)
Moivre, Abraham de
molecules
Moltke, Helmuth von
Monte Carlo
Monte Carlo method
Montgomery, Bernard Law
Monty Hall problem
“moral certainty,”
Morgan, J. P.
Morgenstern, Oskar
mortality rate
Moses
motion, laws of
Munich Re
mutual societies
Â
Â
Nagasaki bombing (1945)
Napoleon I, Emperor of France
Nash, John
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
National Health Service, British
National Institutes of Health Revitalization Act (1993)
Natural and Political Observations upon the Bills of Mortality
(Graunt)
Naval War College, U.S.
neurons
neutrons
Newton, Isaac
Ngidi, William (Zulu tribesman)
Nicomachean Ethics
(Aristotle)
Nietzsche, Friedrich
Nightingale, Florence
Nimitz, Chester W.
Nixon, Richard M.
Notes from Underground
(Dostoyevsky)
“not proven” verdict
nuclear weapons
Null Hypothesis
numbers:
abstract
binary
cardinal
even
large
nature of
odd
ordinal
permutations of
series of
sets of,
see
sets
triangular
numerology
Â
Â
Occam's razor
occipital cortex
Odyssey
(Homer)
Ogilby, John
On the Effect of Education on the Habits of People
On War
(Clausewitz)
optical illusions
orders of magnitude