6
Steve Chapman, “Robert Gates and our âinterest' in Libya,”
Chicago Tribune
, March 28, 2011.
7
Woodward, Bob,
Veil: The Secret Wars of the CIA, 1981â1987
(New York, NY: Simon and Schuster, 1987), p. 364.
8
Hilsenrath, “Gates Says Libya Not Vital National Interest.”
10
State Department, State of Continuing Emergency Release, February 2012.
11
Michael Young, “Promising Clarity on Libya, Obama delivers confusion,”
The National
, March 31, 2011.
12
Editors, “De l'importance des Fondamentaux,” DSI, no. 70, May 2011, p. 25.
14
Editors, “Unified Protector,” pp. 26â40.
16
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
17
Chorin interview with Maged Mahfouz, November 25, 2011.
18
Shabakat Corporation, International Republican Institute Survey of Pubilc Opinion in Eastern Libya, October 12â25, 2011; see
www.shabakat.se
, quoted in Marbo3a.
19
Editors, “Unified Protector,” pp. 26â40.
22
Bernard-Henri Lévy,
La Guerre sans l'Aimer
(Paris: Bernard Grasset, 2011), p. 217.
23
“Libye: Crise libyenneâMuseveni portraiture Kadhafi,”
Jeune Afrique
, April 19, 2011.
28
Michael Hastings, “Inside Obama's War Room,”
Rolling Stone
, October 11, 2011.
29
Lévy,
La Guerre sans l'Aimer
, p. 279.
30
Dirk Vandewalle,
A History of Modern Libya
, 2nd ed., (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 2012), p. 207.
31
“Assistant Secretary Of State Jeffrey Feltman Discusses Libya, Syria, and Lebanon During an Interview on Alhurra Television,” July 27, 2011.
32
Lévy,
La Guerre sans l'Aimer
, p. 123.
33
RafÄÄ«l LÅ«zan, “LÄ AstabaÊ¿ad an YakÅ«n al-Qaá¸á¸ÄfÄ« SaÊ¿Ä« li-l-Ḥuṣūl Ê¿alÄ MusÄÊ¿adah min IsrÄʾīl,”
aÅ¡-Å arq al-Aswaá¹
, October 12, 2011; WaṯÄʾiq, “AlÄqÄt IstiḫbÄrÄt al-Qaá¸á¸ÄfÄ« Tuṯīr Ǧadalan Dawliyyan,”
aÅ¡-Å arq al-Awsaá¹
, September 4, 2011.
34
“Gaá¸á¸ÄfÄ« Yuwaffid Mabʿūṯīn ʾilÄ Israʾīl,” reprinted from
Aljazeera.net
in á¹¢awt, July 14, 2011.
36
MinÄ al-Ê¿ArabÄ«, “Ǧadal Ḥawl WaṯÄʾiq LÄ«bÄ«yyah Tarbuá¹ DafÄ«d WÄ«lÅ¡ bi-l-Baḥṯ Ê¿an âMuḫriǧ' li-l-Qaá¸á¸ÄfÄ«,”
aš-Šarq al-Awsat
, September 1, 2011.
38
MinÄ al-Ê¿ArabÄ«, “Ǧadal Ḥawl WaṯÄʾiq LÄ«bÄ«yyah Tarbuá¹ DafÄ«d WÄ«lÅ¡ bi-l-Baḥṯ Ê¿an âMuḫriǧ' li-l-Qaá¸á¸ÄfÄ«,”
aš-Šarq al-Awsat
, September 1, 2011.
40
Chorin interview with US Department of State Libya Desk Officer, January 2012; Victoria Nuland, State Department spokesperson, said, “David Welch, a former assistant secretary, is now a private citizen. This was a private trip. He was not carrying any message from the U.S. government.” See
http://thecable.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/08/31/state_department_we
weren't_ part_of_the_qaddafi_welsh _meetings.
41
Chorin interview with Assistant Secretary Welch, July 2011.
43
Chorin interview with Dirk Vandewalle, November 2011.
44
Chorin interview with Assistant Secretary Indyk, November 29, 2011.
45
Profile of Ali Tarhouni in
The Atlantic
, November 2011, p. 64.
50
Jeune Afrique
, April 10-16, 2011.
52
“Assassination attempt on Benghazi official: said to be linked to Younis killing,”
Libya Herald
, March 5, 2011.
53
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
CHAPTER 12
1
aá¹£-á¹¢Ädiq an-NayhÅ«m, “Qiá¹£aá¹£ Aá¹fÄl,”
LÄ«bÄ«yÄ
(Tala Books/Arab Diffusion Company, 2002), reprinted and translated in Chorin,
Translating Libya
.
2
Abdelhakim Belhaj, “Du Djihad a la Revolution,”
Jeune Afrique
, no. 2643, September 4â10, 2011, p. 26.
3
ḪÄlid MaḥmÅ«d, “ad-Duktur MaḥmÅ«d ǦibrÄ«l YukaÅ¡Å¡if li-aÅ¡-Å harq al-Awsaá¹ Ê¿an Muḫaá¹á¹at al-Qaá¸á¸ÄfÄ« li-l-Ê¿Awdah ʾilÄ as-Sulá¹ah,”
aÅ¡-Å arq al-Awsaá¹
, October 18, 2011.
5
ḪÄlid MaḥmÅ«d, “ad-Duktur MaḥmÅ«d ǦibrÄ«l YukaÅ¡Å¡if li-aÅ¡-Å harq al-Awsaá¹ Ê¿an Muḫaá¹á¹at al-Qaá¸á¸ÄfÄ« li-l-Ê¿Awdah ʾilÄ as-Sulá¹ah,”
aÅ¡-Å arq al-Awsaá¹
, October 18, 2011.
6
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
7
ḪÄlid MaḥmÅ«d, “ad-Duktur MaḥmÅ«d ǦibrÄ«l YukaÅ¡Å¡if li-aÅ¡-Å harq al-Awsaá¹ Ê¿an Muḫaá¹á¹at al-Qaá¸á¸ÄfÄ« li-l-Ê¿Awdah ʾilÄ as-Sulá¹ah,”
aÅ¡-Å arq al-Awsaá¹
, October 18, 2011.
9
“Masʾūl LÄ«bÄ«: Sayf al-IslÄm fÄ« BanÄ« WalÄ«d wa MuÊ¿taá¹£im fÄ« Sirt,” aÅ¡-Å arq al-Awsaá¹, Sept.ember 29, 2011.
10
“QiyÄdÄ« fÄ« Ǧibhat aṯ-ṮūwwÄr: Tamm TaḥdÄ«d MawqiÊ¿ Sayf al-IslÄm fÄ« á¹¢aḥraʾ ǦanÅ«b Å arqi ṬarÄblus,”
aÅ¡-Å arq al-Awsaá¹
, October 20, 2011.
11
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
14
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
15
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
16
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
17
aš-Šarq al-Awsat
, October 23â24, 2011.
18
Kim Gamel, “Gadhafi's burial delayed for further investigation,” Associated Press, October 21, 2011.
19
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
21
Aḥmad IbrÄhÄ«m al-FaqÄ«h,
aá¹-ṬÄÄ¡iyyah fi-t-Tarīḫ, Muqaddimah fi taÅ¡rīḫ aá¹-ṬÄÄ¡iyyah
, unpublished 2011, p. 73.
22
“Libya unearths largest mass grave of civil war dead with 157 bodies in battleground town,” Associated Press, March 4, 2012.
23
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
24
Corbett B. Daly, “Clinton on Qaddafi: âWe Came, We Saw, He Died,'” CBS News, October 20, 2011.
25
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
27
Adam Nossiter and Kareem Fahim, “Revolution Won, Top Libyan Official Promises Elections and a more Pious State,”
New York Times
, October 23, 2011.
28
ḪÄlid MaḥmÅ«d, “ad-Duktur MaḥmÅ«d ǦibrÄ«l YukaÅ¡Å¡if li-aÅ¡-Å harq al-Awsaá¹ Ê¿an Muḫaá¹á¹at al-Qaá¸á¸ÄfÄ« li-l-Ê¿Awdah ʾilÄ as-Sulá¹ah,”
aÅ¡-Å arq al-Awsaá¹
, October 18, 2011.
29
“ad-Duktur MaḥmÅ«d ǦibrÄ«l yukaÅ¡Å¡if li-aÅ¡-Å harq al-Awsaá¹ Ê¿an Muḫaá¹á¹at al-Qaá¸á¸Äf'i li-l-Ê¿Awdah ʾilÄ as-Sulá¹a,” interview with MaḥmÅ«d ǦibrÄ«l in aÅ¡-Å arq al-Awsaá¹, October 18, 2011.
30
“Libya: âOut of Control' Militias Commit Widespread Abuses, a Year On from Uprising,” press release, Amnesty International, February 16, 2012; see
www.amnesty.org
.
31
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
32
Nossiter and Fahim; “Revolution Won, Top Libyan Official Promises Elections and a More Pious State.”
36
Chorin interview with Azza Maghur, January 19, 2012.
37
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
38
“LÄ«bÄ«yÄ: Maqtal 5 wa Iá¹£Äbat 20 fÄ« IÅ¡tibÄqÄt bayn Aná¹£Är al-Qaá¸á¸ÄfÄ« wa ṮūwwÄr fÄ« BanÄ« WalÄ«d,”
aÅ¡-Å arq al-Awsaá¹
, January 24, 2012.
39
“LÄ«bÄ«yÄ: IstiqÄlÄt wa IÊ¿tiá¹£ÄmÄt wa Ê¿Abd al-ǦalÄ«l YuṯÄr min “Huwa bi-lÄ QarÄr,”
aÅ¡-Å arq al-Awsaá¹
, January 23, 2012.
40
“Anba' howl Dhuhur mufaji' li-Khamees Al Qadafi bi saaq mubtawara,”
aÅ¡-Å arq al-Awsaá¹
, February 26, 2012.
43
“22 people killed in Libya in clashes between rival towns in country's West,” Associated Press, April 3, 2011.
45
“Qiyadi bilZintan: Saif ma zal âala qina'atihi al qadima'..wa tartibaat limuhakimatili âalaaniyya : Abdel sitar hatita,”
aÅ¡-Å arq al-Awsaá¹
, January 31, 2012.
46
Å ukrÄ« Ä Änim, “á¹¢unduq Aswad Aḫar YatawÄrÄ«,”
LÄ«bÄ«yÄ al-Yawm
, May 7, 2012.
47
“Mawt al-MaqrÄhÄ«â¦wa ḤaqÄ«qat al-MuʾÄmirah,”
LÄ«bÄ«yÄ al-Yawm
, May 28, 2012, p. 7.