25
Michael Erman, “Libya probing local, foreign oil companies,”
Wall Street Journal
, April 8, 2012.
27
Chorin interview with David Grudoski, April 2012.
28
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
29
Chorin interview with Ambassador Charles Cecil, June 2012.
30
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
31
One reliable source speculated this was on Gaddafi's behest, to understand better how the international prosecution system worked, lest Gaddafi wind up in the same position at some point in the future.
32
Mustapha Sandid, “Hannibal Kadhafi le Sulfereux,”
L'Express
, July 25, 2008.
33
Chorin interview with Ambassador David Welch, November 27, 2011.
34
Luis Martinez,
The Libyan Paradox
(New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 2007), p. 51.
36
Caesar's Return
(âAwdat Caesar') in Chorin,
Translating Libya
, pp. 150â152.
37
Abdel Raziq Al-Mansuri,
My Friends When I Die
, pp. 59â61, in Chorin,
Translating Libya
.
40
Chorin interview with David Welch, November 27, 2011.
42
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
43
Chorin interview with Sandra Charles, August 2011.
44
David Rose, “The Lockerbie Deal,”
Vanity Fair
, January 27, 2011.
45
“Libyan takes chair of UN human rights commission,”
The Guardian
, January 20, 2003.
CHAPTER 5
1
Chorin interview with Sandra Charles, October 2011.
2
Michael Isikoff, “Lobbying for Libyaâand Bush,”
Daily Beast
, October 27, 2004.
4
Henry Porter and Annabel Davidson, “Colonel QaddafiâDictator Chic: A Life in Fashion,”
Vanity Fair
, August 12, 2009.
5
Ê¿Abd ar-RaḥmÄn Å alÄ¡am,
AšḫÄá¹£ ḥawl al-Qaá¸á¸ÄfÄ«
(Dubai: DÄr al-FarǧiyÄnÄ«/MadÄrik Publishers, 2012), p. 51.
6
ḪÄlid MaḥmÅ«d, “Ahar muder li mu'assisa Al qadhafi al alimiyya: tawajasat haifat min al amal ma'a mu'tassim lama sama'tuhy âanhu min ghalta wa Jufa'a fi al ta'amul” PART II, Asharq Al Awsat, October 9, 2011,
7
One of Saif 's friends related that when Freddo, one of the tigers, escaped his cage at one point, Saif “ran like hell.” Upon Freddo's death, Saif had him stuffed.
8
Saif Al Islam,
Libya and the XXI Century
(One 9 Media, July 2002), from a university thesis presented to the faculty of California State University, Hayward IMADEC-CSUH, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Executive Master of Business Administration by Saif al Islam M Al Qadhafi, March 2000. Diamond Theory is a standard “cluster, or comparative advantage model” of competitiveness that postulates why certain industries grow quickly at certain times and places.
9
Ibid., p. 127, citing Moammar el Gaddafi,
The Green Book
, Part III, p. 182.
12
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
13
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
14
“The Woolf Inquiry: An Inquiry into the LSE's Links With Libya and Lessons to be Learned,” (London, England: London School of Economics, October 2011).
16
London School of Economics, “The Woolf Inquiry,” p. 86.
17
Fred Halliday,
Political Journeys
(London, England: Saqi Books, 2011), p. 225.
18
London School of Economics, “The Woolf Inquiry,” p. 22.
19
Alexandre Najjar,
Anatomie d'un Tyran: Mouammar Kadhafi
(Paris: Actes Sud, 2011), p. 181; London School of Economics, “The Woolf Inquiry,” p. 66.
21
London School of Economics, “The Woolf Inquiry,” p. 136.
23
London School of Economics, “The Woolf Inquiry,” p. 65.
26
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
27
Yehudit Ronen, “Libya's Rising Star: Saif Al-Islam and Succession,”
Middle East Policy
XII, no. 3 (Fall 2005).
29
Chorin interview with Ambassador David Welch, November 27, 2011.
30
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
31
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
32
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
34
Michael E. Porter, “Competitiveness Issues for Iran, Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness,” Harvard Business School, Teheran, by video link, June 24, 2008.
35
National Economic Strategy, Assessment of the Competitiveness of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Monitor Group, and CERA, The General Planning Council of Libya, 2006.
36
Monitor Group, “Libya at the Dawn of a New Era: Improving Competitiveness in the Global Economy,” internal PowerPoint, February 9, 2006.
37
National Economic Strategy, 2006.
38
Chorin interview with Maria Al Zahrani, December, 2010.
39
It is no surprise that Singapore, with its corporatist approach to governance, was seen as a reform model in other parts of the Middle East, notably Dubai, whose leadership seemed to idolize former Singaporean Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew.
41
Monitor Company Group, LP, Draft Proposal for Qadhafi Manuscript, Confidential, 2007, p. 3.
43
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
45
Jeffrey Goldberg, “The World's Greatest Book Proposal, Courtesy of the Monitor Group,”
The Atlantic
, November 1, 2011.
46
Chorin interview with senior Monitor official, April 2012.
48
Chorin interview with Sandra Charles, September 2011.
49
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
50
ḪÄlid MaḥmÅ«d, interviews with Yusuf Sawani, PART I-III aÅ¡-Å arq al-Awsaá¹, October 8â10, 2011.
53
Chorin interview with Dr. Salma Al Gaeer Al Gaddafi, Summer 2005.
54
ḪÄlid MaḥmÅ«d, interviews with Yusuf Sawani, PART I-III aÅ¡-Å arq al-Awsaá¹, October 8â10, 2011.
CHAPTER 6
1
Ahmed Ibhrahim Fagih says he believes that Gaddafi was behind a plan to infect “more than a thousand” Benghazi infants with HIV. In line with this assertion, Fagih says Gaddafi was “surprised” by the strength of the local (Benghazi) reaction and demands for accountability from the regime, and was forced to look for scapegoats. Gaddafi appeared to be mildly obsessed with the epidemic, at various times alleging AIDS was a CIA or Mossad plot against Africa. Gaddafi said “Islamists” were “worse than AIDS.” Yahia Zoubir, “Islamisme Radical et Lutte Antiterroriste,”
Maghreb-Machrek
, no. 184 (Summer 2005), p. 60.
2
Marc Pierini,
Le prix de la liberté
(Paris: Actes Sud, 2008), pp. 19â20.
10
Valya Chervenyashka and Nikolay Yordanov,
Notes from Hell, A Bulgarian Nurse in Libya
(Durban, South Africa: 30 Degrees South, 2010), p. 64.
11
Chorin interview, source requested anonymity.
13
Pierini,
Le prix de la liberté,
p. 132.
15
While no conclusive evidence has surfaced tying Sarkozy to a Gaddafi donation, Saif Al Islam's allegations and demand that he “return the money” to the Libyan people after the start of the 2011 revolution have been cited as contributing factors to Sarkozy's electoral loss in May 2012.
17
Hussain Solomon and Gerrie Swart, “Libya's Foreign Policy in Flux,” (Oxford, England: (Oxford) Journal of African Affairs, July 2005), p. 491.
21
Helena Bachmann, “Gaddafi's Oddest Idea: Abolish Switzerland,”
Le Matin
, September 25, 2009.
22
Asharq Al Awsat: Almania: Jadal howl manh Saif al Arab al Qaddafi imtiazaat diplomasiyya, editors, January 17, 2012.
23
Chorin interview with Fred Abrahams, Human Rights Watch, January 10, 2012.
26
Alan Friedman,
Agnelli: Fiat and the Network of Italian Power
(New York, NY: New American Library, 1989), p. x.
27
Andrew Feinstein,
The Shadow World: Inside the Global Arms Trade
(New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2011), p. 492.
28
Jean-Marc Tanguy,
Harmattan: Récits et Révélations
(Paris: Nimrod, 2012), p. 21.
35
Owen Bowcott, Ian Cobain, and Richard Norton-Taylor, “Gibson inquiry into MI5 and MI6 torture collusion claims abandoned,”
The Guardian
, January 18, 2012.
36
Jane Mayer, “Outsourcing Torture, the Secret History of America's âExtraordinary Rendition' Program,” in
The United States and Torture
, Marjorie Cohn, ed. (New York, NY: NYU Press, 2011), p. 141.
38
Abdelhakim Belhaj, “Du Djihad a la Revolution,”
Jeune Afrique
, no. 2643, September 4â10, 2011, p. 26.