6. Nick Clarke,
The Shadow of a Nation
(2002), pp 59–60;
Daily Express
, 21–22 Aug 1951;
The Times
, 21 Aug 1951.
7.
The Times
, 18 Jul 1951;
Port Talbot Guardian
, 20 Jul 1951;
The Times
, 23 Sep 1999; Clive Jenkins,
All Against the Collar
(1990), pp 30–37;
Daily Mail
, 23 Jul 1951; Jenkins,
All Against
, p 37.
8. Steve Jefferys, ‘The Changing Face of Conflict: Shopfloor Organization at Longbridge, 1939–1980’, in Michael Terry and P. K. Edwards (eds),
Shopfloor Politics and Job Controls
(Oxford, 1988), pp 66–8;
Birmingham Post
, 21–6 Jun 1951; Alistair Tough, ‘Richard (Dick) Albert Etheridge’, in Joyce M. Bellamy and John Saville (eds),
Dictionary of Labour Biography, Volume IX
(Basingstoke, 1993), p 76; John McIlroy, ‘“Every Factory Our Fortress”: Communist Party Workplace Branches in a Time of Militancy, 1956–79, Part 2: Testimonies and Judgements’,
Historical Studies in Industrial Relations
(Autumn 2001), p 82.
9. Email from Michael Banton, 12 May 2006; Michael Banton, ‘The Economic and Social Position of Negro Immigrants in Britain’,
Sociological Review
(Dec 1953), pp 49–52;
New Statesman
, 11 Aug 1951;
Guardian
, 30 Oct 2004.
10. John Lahr,
Prick Up Your Ears
(2000 edn.), pp 76, 79; Graham Lord,
Just the One
(1997), p 79.
11. M-O A, D5353, 30 Jul 1951;
New Statesman
, 4 Aug 1951; M-O A, TC58/2/H.
12. Carolyn Steedman, ‘Landscape for a Good Woman’, in Liz Heron (ed),
Truth, Dare or Promise
(1985), p 118; Christine Keeler,
The Truth at Last
(2001), p 114; George H. Gallup (ed),
The Gallup International Public Opinion Polls: Great Britain 1937–1975, Volume One
(New York, 1976), p 252; M-O A, D5353, 16 Aug 1951; Haines, 25 Aug 1951;
Western Morning News
, 1 Sep 1951, 3 Sep 1951; Michael Willmott (ed), Rev. Oliver Leonard Willmott,
The Parish Notes of Loders, Dottery & Askerswell, Dorset: Volume I
, (Shrewsbury, 1996), Oct 1951.
13. Raynham, 19 Sep 1951; Kenneth Harris,
Attlee
(1982), p 486; Raynham, 19 Sep 1951; Hague, Box 3, 24 Sep 1951; Macmillan, pp 101–2; Roy Jenkins,
Churchill
(2001), p 838.
14.
News Chronicle
, 12 Oct 1951; D. E. Butler,
The British General Election of 1951
(1952), p 50;
Luton News
, 11 Oct 1951;
West Herts and Watford Observer
, 12 Oct 1951.
15.
Picture Post
, 31 Mar 1951;
Daily Herald
, 12 Oct 1951; Butler,
British General Election
, p 108; Timothy J. Hatton and Roy E. Bailey, ‘Seebohm Rowntree and the Postwar Poverty Puzzle’,
Economic History Review
(Aug 2000), p 536.
16. Lord Moran,
Winston Churchill
(1966), p 342; Nigel Nicolson (ed) Harold Nicolson,
The Later Years, 1945–1962: Diaries and Letters, Volume III
(1968),
p 210; Conservative and Unionist Central Office,
Britain Strong and Free
(1951), pp 17–18; John Campbell,
Margaret Thatcher, Volume One
(2000), p 92; Lewis Baston,
Reggie
(Stroud, 2004), p 83.
17.
Britain Strong
, pp 5–6; Joe Moran, ‘Queuing Up in Post-War Britain’,
Twentieth Century British History
16/3 (2005), p 287; Michael Caines, ‘Identity Crisis’,
Times Literary Supplement
, 14 Apr 2006; Deryck Abel,
Ernest Benn
(1960), p 146.
18. BBC WA, R9/9/15 – LR/51/2435; Jenkins,
Churchill
, p 841; Hodgson, 21 Oct 1951; Speed, 17 Oct 1951; Michael Cockerell,
Live from Number 10
(1988), pp 11–13;
Listener
, 25 Oct 1951; Nicholas Parsons,
The Straight Man
(1994), p 114.
19. The British Institute of Public Opinion,
Behind the Gallup Poll
(1951), p 25; Steven Fielding et al,
‘England Arise!
’ (Manchester, 1995), p 199; Willie Hamilton,
Blood on the Walls
(1992), p 72;
Luton News
, 18 Oct 1951;
Bedford Record
, 2 Oct 1951, 16 Oct 1951; Benn, pp 155–6;
Spectator
, 19 Oct 1951.
20. R. S. Milne and H. C. Mackenzie,
Straight Fight
(1954), pp 5, 87–8, 108–10; Henry Mayers Hyndman,
The Record of an Adventurous Life
(1911), pp 244–5.
21.
Fowles
, pp 135–6; Chaplin, 7/3/1, 10 Oct 1951; Francis Wyndham and Diana Melly (eds), Jean Rhys,
Letters, 1931–1966
(1984), p 90; Dalton, p 556; Moran,
Churchill
, p 345; Macmillan, pp 108–9.
22.
Evening Standard
, 22 Oct 1951; Andrew Barrow,
Gossip
(1978), p 163;
Daily Mail
, 22 Oct 1951;
The Times
, 22 Oct 1951;
Evening Standard
, 26 Oct 1951; David Bret,
George Formby
(1999), pp 190–1; Lewis, 23–4 Oct 1951.
23.
Manchester Guardian
, 22 Oct 1951;
Coventry Evening Telegraph
, 23 Oct 1951;
Western Morning News
, 24 Oct 1951;
Luton News
, 25 Oct 1951; Margaret Forster,
Hidden Lives
(1995), pp 204–5.
24. Speed, 25 Oct 1951;
News Chronicle
, 25 Oct 1951;
Daily Mirror
, 25 Oct 1951;
Daily Mail
, 25 Oct 1951; Haines, 25 Oct 1951; Lewis, 25 Oct 1951; Speed, 25 Oct 1951; Ursula Vaughan Williams,
R.V.W.
(1964), p 323.
25. British Institute,
Behind the Gallup Poll
, p 25;
Listener
, 1 Nov 1951;
Times Literary Supplement
, 2 Feb 1996 (Hugo Williams); Cecil Beaton,
The Strenuous Years
(1973), p 105; Macmillan, p 110;
Evening Standard
, 26 Oct 1951.
26. Heap, 26 Oct 1951; Speed, 26 Oct 1951;
Guardian
, 29 May 2004; Hodgson, 27 Oct 1951.
27. Anthony Howard,
RAB
(1987), p 176; Andrew Roberts,
Eminent Churchillians
(1994), p 252;
The Times
, 23 Sep 2003.
28. Hodgson, 27 Oct 1951; Ina Zweiniger-Bargielowska,
Austerity in Britain
(Oxford, 2000), p 251; James Hinton, ‘Essay in Labour Statistics’,
Labour History Review
(Winter 1992), p 63; Zweiniger-Bargielowska,
Austerity
, pp 228–9.
29. Peter Parker,
For Starters
(1989), pp 84–5; Zweiniger-Bargielowska,
Austerity
,
p 228; John Bonham,
The Middle Class Vote
(1954), pp 76–7; Nicholas Shakespeare,
Bruce Chatwin
(1999), p 64.
3 You Can’t Know Our Relief
1.
Evening Argus
(Brighton), 3 Nov 1951;
Brighton & Hove Gazette
, 10 Nov 1951;
Evening Argus
, 5 Nov 1951; Colin Brown,
Fighting Talk
(1997), p 30; Decca Aitkenhead, ‘Prezza on the Couch’,
Guardian
, 26 May 2008.
2.
New Statesman
, 5 Jan 1952;
Daily Express
, 24 Nov 1951; Robert Colls, ‘Cookson, Chaplin and Common: Three Northern Writers in 1951’, in K.D.M. Snell (ed),
The Regional Novel in Britain and Ireland, 1800–1990
(Cambridge, 1998), p 175;
Radio Times
(Northern edn), 18 Apr 1952; Dave Nicolson,
Bobby Thompson
(Newcastle, 1994), p 19.
3.
Boxing News
, 19 Dec 1951; Dick Hobbs, ‘Ron Kray’,
Independent
, 18 Mar 1995;
Glasgow Herald
, 2 Jan 1952, 9 Jan 1952; H. F. Moorhouse, ‘Professional Football and Working Class Culture: English Theories and Scottish Evidence’,
Sociological Review
(May 1984), pp 301–2; Stephen Wagg,
The Football World
(1984), p 195; Eric Dunning et al,
The Roots of Football Hooliganism
(1988), p 136.
4. Harold Macmillan,
Tides of Fortune
(1969), p 491; M-O A, D5353, 27 Dec 1951; Haines, 31 Dec 1951; Iona and Peter Opie,
The Lore and Language of Schoolchildren
(1959), p 105.
5. Hodgson, 27 Oct 1951; Joe Moran, ‘Crossing the Road in Britain, 1931–1976’,
Historical Journal
(Jun 2006), p 486;
Daily Express
, 5–6 Dec 1951, 23 Jan 1952;
Economist
, 1 Dec 1951; Richard Overy, ‘Sir Leonard Percy Lord’,
Dictionary of Business Biography, Volume 3
(1985), pp 856–9;
Guardian
, 16 Apr 2005.
6.
Daily Express
, 30 Oct 1951; David Oswell,
Television, Childhood and the Home
(Oxford, 2002), p 101; King, 11 Nov 1951; BBC WA, R9/74/1, Feb 1952.
7.
Press and Journal
(Aberdeen), 12 Nov 1951;
Picture Post
, 9 Feb 1952; Andrew Hodges,
Alan Turing
(1983), pp 449–63.
8. Macmillan, pp 113–14; Anthony Sampson,
Macmillan
(Penguin edn, 1968), p 97; Anthony Seldon,
Churchill’s Indian Summer
(1981), p 251; Harriet Jones, ‘“This Is Magnificent!”: 300,000 Houses a Year and the Tory Revival after 1945’,
Contemporary British History
(Spring 2000), p 111; Macmillan, p 134; A.G.V. Simmonds, ‘Conservative Governments and the Housing Question, 1951–59’, University of Leeds PhD, 1995, pp 92–3; Macmillan, p 134.
9.
Boro’ of West Ham, East Ham, Barking and Stratford Express
, 18 Apr 1952; Mark Clapson,
Invincible Green Suburbs, Brave New Towns
(Manchester, 1992), p 49; Simmonds, ‘Conservative Governments’, p 345; Huw and Connie Rees (eds),
The History Makers
(Stevenage, 1991), pp 71, 79, 42–3; Steve Humphries and John Taylor,
The Making of Modern London, 1945–1985
(1986), p 87; Rees and Rees (eds),
History Makers
, p 3.
10. Roy Lewis,
Moving to Harlow
(Harlow, 1952), unpag;
Coventry Evening Telegraph
, 7 Dec 1951; Grant Lewison and Rosalind Billingham,
Coventry New Architecture
(Warwick, 1969), p 129;
Coventry Standard
, 31 Aug 1951; Andrew Saint, ‘Fred Pooley’,
Guardian
, 24 Mar 1998;
Municipal Journal
, 22 May 1953;
Coventry Evening Telegraph
, 4 Jun 1952; Bill Lancaster and Tony Mason, ‘Society and Politics in 20th Century Coventry’, in Lancaster and Mason (eds),
Life and Labour in a 20th Century City
(Coventry, c. 1986, pp 351–2. For a notably positive assessment of Tile Hill, see Nicholas Bullock,
Building the Post-War World
(2002), p 238.
11.
Hampshire Telegraph
, 9 Feb 1951, 14 Mar 1952; Lorna Sage,
Bad Blood
(2000), pp 89–102.
12. Nick Tiratsoo et al,
Urban Reconstruction in Britain and Japan 1945–1955
(Luton, 2002), chap 4.
13. Becky E. Conekin,
The Autobiography of a Nation
(Manchester, 2003), p 72;
New Statesman
, 16 Jun 1951; Percy Johnson-Marshall,
Rebuilding Cities
(Edinburgh, 1966), p 231;
New Statesman
, 16 Jun 1951;
Architectural Review
(Dec 1951), p 363; Tiratsoo et al,
Urban Reconstruction
, p 32; John Westergaard and Ruth Glass, ‘A Profile of Lansbury’,
Town Planning Review
(Apr 1954), pp 39–41; Tiratsoo et al,
Urban Reconstruction
, p 34;
Guardian
, 11 Jul 2001.
14.
Minutes of the Corporation of Glasgow
, Nov 1951–May 1952, p 1801; Nick Tiratsoo, ‘The Reconstruction of Blitzed British Cities: Myths and Reality’,
Contemporary British History
(Spring 2000), p 36; Peter Mitchell,
Memento Mori
(Otley, 1990), p 94; BBC WA,
Any Questions?
, 27 Jun 1952; Simmonds, ‘Conservative Governments’, p 428; BBC WA,
Any Questions?
, 27 Jun 1952.
15. Diary of John McGarry (Special Collections, University of Sussex), 8 Jan 1952–6 Feb 1952; Andrew Barrow,
Gossip
(Pan edn, 1980), p 166;
Daily Mirror
, 26 Jan 1952.
16. M-O A, TC14/1/L, 6 Feb 1952, D5353, 6 Feb 1952; Haines, 6 Feb 1952; Raynham, 6 Feb 1952; St John, 6 Feb 1952;
Crossman
, p 71.
17. BBC WA, R9/13/77; M-O A, D5353, 6 Feb 1952; Lewis, 6 Feb 1952; McGarry, 6 Feb 1952;
New Yorker
, 16 Feb 1952; Heap, 7 Feb 1952; Macmillan, p 141; Preston, 8 Feb 1952.
18. Heap, 8 Feb 1952; Raynham, 8 Feb 1952; Crossman, 15 Feb 1952;
Crossman
, p 73; M-O A, D5353, 13 Feb 1952;
Crossman
, p 74; Leonard Miall (ed),
Richard Dimbleby, Broadcaster
(1966), p 76; Barbara Pym Papers (Bodleian Library, Oxford), Ms 42, fol 11, 13 Feb 1952; Angela Potter (ed),
Shared Histories
(Athens, GA, 2006), pp 275–6; M-O A, D5353, 12 Feb 1952.
19.
New Yorker
, 23 Feb 1952; Frances Partridge,
Everything to Lose
(Phoenix edn, 1999), p 151; Haines, 15 Feb 1952; Speed, 16 Feb 1952;
New Yorker
, 23 Feb 1952; BBC WA, R9/9/16–LR/52/670; Raynham, 16 Feb 1952.
4 Hardly Practicable
1. Hilton, Box 17, London County Council file.
2.
Listener
, 22 Nov 1951; Michael Kandiah, ‘Conservative Leaders, Strategy – and “Consensus”? 1945–1964’, in Harriet Jones and Michael Kandiah (eds),
The Myth of Consensus
(Basingstoke, 1996), pp 71–2; A.G.V. Simmonds, ‘Conservative Governments and the Housing Question, 1951–1959’, University of Leeds PhD, 1995, p 8; Harriet Jones, ‘The Cold War and the Santa Claus Syndrome: Dilemmas in Conservative Social Policy-Making, 1945–1957, in Martin Francis and Ina Zweiniger-Bargielowska (eds),
The Conservatives and British Society, 1880–1990
(Cardiff, 1996), p 248. Kandiah, ‘Conservative Leaders’, p 70; John Colville,
The Fringes of Power: Volume Two
(Sceptre edn, 1987), p 298; Alan Booth, ‘New Revisionists and the Keynesian Era in British Economic Policy’,
Economic History Review
(May 2001), pp 355–6; Neil Rollings, ‘“Poor Mr Butskell: A Short life, Wrecked by Schizophrenia”?’,
Twentieth Century British History
5/2 (1994), pp 197–8; Lord Butler,
The Art of the Possible
(1971), p 163; R. C. Whiting, ‘Income Tax, the Working Class and Party Politics, 1948–52’,
Twentieth Century British History
8/2 (1997), pp 208–12;
Financial Times
, 12 Mar 1952; Robert Rhodes James (ed),
Chips: The Diaries of Sir Henry Channon
(1967), p 568.