3. Helpful accounts of ROBOT include: Correlli Barnett,
The Verdict of Peace
(2001), pp 152–76; Jim Bulpitt and Peter Burnham, ‘Operation Robot and the British Political Economy in the Early-1950s: The Politics of Market Strategies’,
Contemporary British History
(Spring 1999), pp 1–31; Butler,
Art
, pp 160–62; Alec Cairncross,
Years of Recovery
(1985), chap 9; John Fforde,
The Bank of England and Public Policy, 1941–1958
(Cambridge, 1992), pp 426–51; Peter Hennessy,
Having It So Good
(2006), pp 199–217; Anthony Howard,
RAB
(1987), pp 185–9; Scott Kelly, ‘Ministers Matter: Gaitskell and Butler at Odds over Convertibility, 1950–52’,
Contemporary British History
(Winter 2000), pp 40–49; Nigel Lawson, ‘Robot and the Fork in the Road’,
Times Literary Supplement
, 21 Jan 2005; Donald MacDougall,
Don and Mandarin
(1987), pp 85–108; Keith Middlemas,
Power, Competition and the State, Volume 1
(1986), pp 199–204; Stephen J. Procter, ‘Floating Convertibility: The Emergence of the Robot Plan, 1951–1952’,
Contemporary Record
(Summer 1993), pp 24–43.
4. Barnett,
Verdict
, p 157; David Kynaston,
The City of London, Volume IV
(2001), p 48; MacDougall,
Don
, p 88; Kelly, p 47; Macmillan, p 149; Lawson, ‘Robot’; Kynaston,
City of London
, p 51.
5. Alan Deacon and Jonathan Bradshaw,
Reserved for the Poor
(Oxford, 1983), p 53;
Listener
, 14 Feb 1952, 17 Apr 1952;
Financial Times
, 7 Mar 2001; Richard M. Titmuss, ‘Social Administration in a Changing Society’,
British Journal of Sociology
(Sep 1951), pp 193, 197; R. M. Titmuss, ‘The Hospital and Its Patients’, in James Farndale (ed),
Trends in the National Health Service
(Oxford, 1964), pp 273–82; Jim Kincaid, ‘Richard Titmuss’, in Paul Barker (ed),
Founders of the Welfare State
(1984), p 119.
6.
Hansard
, 27 Mar 1952, cols 883–6; Robert Shepherd,
Iain Macleod
(1994), pp 73–7; John Vaizey,
In Breach of Promise
(1983), p 40; Rhodes James (ed),
Chips
, p 568.
7. Benn, p 160;
Crossman
, pp 47–8;
Picture Post
, 22 Mar 1952; Denis Healey,
The Time of My Life
(Penguin edn, 1990), p 150.
8.
Observer
, 24 Apr 2005;
Times Literary Supplement
, 26 Dec 1997; Alan Thompson,
The Day Before Yesterday
(1971), p 147;
New Statesman
, 12 Apr 1952;
Times Literary Supplement
, 4 Apr 1952; Michael Foot,
Aneurin Bevan: Volume 2
(Granada edn, 1975), p 365; Aneurin Bevan,
In Place of Fear
(Quartet edn, 1978), pp 200, 203.
9. C.A.R. Crosland, ‘The Transition from Capitalism’, in R.H.S. Crossman (ed),
New Fabian Essays
(1952), pp 33–68; BBC WA,
Any Questions?
, 26 Oct 1951; Vaizey,
In Breach
, pp 95–6. In addition to two biographies – Susan Crosland,
Tony Crosland
(1982), and Kevin Jefferys,
Anthony Crosland
(1999) – see also Jeremy Nuttall’s work on Crosland, including ‘Tony Crosland and the Many Falls and Rises of British Social Democracy’,
Contemporary British History
(Winter 2004), pp 52–79.
10. Dalton, p 575; Abrams, Box 67, ‘The Future of the Labour Party, 1952–1959’.
11. Crosland, ‘Transition’, p 59; Martin Daunton,
Just Taxes
(Cambridge, 2002), p 229; E.H.H. Green,
Ideologies of Conservatism
(Oxford, 2002), pp 219–20; Ina Zweiniger-Bargielowska,
Austerity in Britain
(Oxford, 2000), p 236; Crosland, ‘Transition’, p 59; R. T. McKenzie, ‘Laski and the Social Basis of the Constitution’,
British Journal of Sociology
(Sep 1952), p 263.
12. Vaizey,
In Breach
, p 87; Jeremy Nuttall, ‘Labour Revisionism and Qualities of Mind and Character, 1931–79’,
English Historical Review
(Jun 2005), p 679; David Donnison, ‘Social Policy Since Titmuss’,
Journal of Social Policy
(Apr 1979), pp 146–7; Robert J. Wybrow,
Britain Speaks Out, 1937–87
(Basingstoke, 1989), p 33.
13. Michael Paris, ‘Red Menace! Russian and British Juvenile Fiction’,
Contemporary British History
(Jun 2005), pp 127–8; Amis, p 287; Dianne Kirby, ‘Ecclesiastical McCarthyism: Cold War Repression in the Church of England’,
Contemporary British History
(Jun 2005), pp 196–201; Eric Hobsbawm,
Interesting Times
(2002), pp 191, 230–31;
Times Literary Supplement
, 12 Dec 1952, 19 Dec 1952, 2 Jan 1953; C. H. Rolph,
Kingsley
(1973), pp 311–14.
14. John Callaghan, ‘Industrial Militancy, 1945–79: The Failure of the British Road to Socialism?’,
Twentieth Century British History
15/4 (2004), p 390; Abrams, Box 57;
Picture Post
, 20 Sep 1952, 27 Sep 1952, 4 Oct 1952, 11 Oct 1952; Richard Stevens, ‘Cold War Politics: Communism and Anti-Communism in the Trade Unions’, in Alan Campbell et al (eds),
British Trade Unions and Industrial Politics: Volume One
(Aldershot, 1999), pp 175–6, 183.
15.
Daily Herald
, 29 Aug 1952; Gaitskell, pp 317–18; John Callaghan, ‘The Left and the “Unfinished Revolution”: Bevanites and Soviet Russia in the 1950s’,
Contemporary British History
(Autumn 2001), pp 68–70; Bevan,
In Place
, p 163; A. J. Davies,
To Build a New Jerusalem
(1992), pp 188–9.
16. Doris Lessing,
Walking in the Shade
(1997), pp 52–4; Raphael Samuel,
The Lost World of British Communism
(2006), pp 135–6.
5 What Will Teacher Say?
1. Hazel Holt,
A Lot to Ask
(1990), p 160; Kathleen Tynan (ed), Kenneth Tynan,
Letters
, (New York, 1994), p 185;
New Statesman
, 15 Mar 1952; BBC2,
Changing Stages
, 26 Nov 2000;
New Statesman
, 28 Jun 1952;
Punch
, 2 Jul 1952; Charles Duff,
The Lost Summer
(1995), p 154; Geoffrey Wansell,
Terence Rattigan
(1995), p 226; Sam Walters, ‘Rodney Ackland’,
Independent
, 7 Dec 1991.
2. BBC WA, R9/9/16–LR/52/941; William Smethurst,
The Archers
(1996), pp 37–8;
Listener
, 27 Mar 1952; John Clay,
R.D. Laing
(1996), pp 43–50.
3. Jeffery Weeks,
Coming Out
(Quartet edn, 1990), p 159; Richard Davenport-Hines,
Sex, Death and Punishment
(1990), p 301; Tony Gould,
Inside Outsider
(Allison & Busby edn, 1993), p 97; Andrew Hodges,
Alan Turing
(Vintage edn, 1992), chap 8; ‘George Williams’,
The Times
, 28 Apr 1995;
Independent
, 5 May 1999 (Ann Treneman); Alison Macleod,
The Death of Uncle Joe
(Woodbridge, 1997), p 28; Barbara Pym,
Excellent Women
(Pan edn, 1989), p 25;
The Times
, 7 Feb 2001 (Benedict Nightingale);
New Statesman
, 2 Aug 1952;
Sunday Pictorial
, 25 May 1952, 1 Jun 1952, 8 Jun 1952.
4. Heap, 12 May 1952; Michael Banton,
White and Coloured
(1959), p 157;
Manchester Guardian
, 7 Jun 1952; John Barnes,
Ahead of His Age
(1979), pp 427–8;
The Times
, 24 Jul 1952;
Picture Post
, 6 Sep 1952;
Guardian
, 18 Jun 2005 (Ian Jack), 16 Feb 2005 (Hugh Muir); Bob Carter et al, ‘The 1951–55 Conservative Government and the Racialization of Black Immigration’,
Immigrants & Minorities
(Nov 1987), pp 341–2;
Independent
, 16 Sep 1989 (Patrick Matthews).
5.
Picture Post
, 19 Apr 1952; Margaret Thatcher,
The Path to Power
(1995), p 79;
Grantham Journal
, 23 May 1952; William Shawcross,
Rupert Murdoch
(1992), pp 71–2.
6. Preston, 25 Feb 1952; Langford, 11 Jun 1952, 13 Jun 1952; George H. Gallup (ed),
The Gallup International Public Opinion Polls: Great Britain 1937–1975: Volume One
(New York, 1976), p 272; Robert J. Wybrow,
Britain Speaks Out, 1937–87
(Basingstoke, 1989), p 35; Haines, 26 Jun 1952.
7.
New Statesman
, 26 Apr 1952;
Merthyr Express
, 14 Jun 1952, 24 May 1952, 14 Jun 1952; Lotte Kuhler (ed),
Within Four Walls
(New York, 2000), pp 195–8; Dartington Hall Trust Archives, LKE/G/35, 3 Jul 1952; Chaplin, 7/3/1, 21 Jul 1952.
8. William Osgerby, ‘“One for the Money, Two for the Show”: Youth, Consumption and Hegemony in Britain 1945–70, University of Sussex PhD, 1992, p 96;
Merthyr Express
, 3 May 1952;
Picture Post
, 17 May 1952; John Springhall, ‘Horror Comics: The Nasties of the 1950s’,
History Today
(Jul 1994), p 11; Wybrow,
Britain Speaks
, p 35; M-O A, D5353, 14 Jun 1952.
9.
Crossman,
pp 76–7;
The Times
, 25 Mar 1952, 27 Mar 1952, 3 Apr 1952, 9 Apr 1952; Michael Cockerill,
Live from Number 10
(1988), pp 25–6; Lord Moran,
Winston Churchill
(1966), p 390;
The Times
, 12 Jun 152; Anthony Sampson,
Anatomy of Britain
(1962), pp 606–7;
Crossman
, p 110; Wybrow,
Britain Speaks
, pp 35–6;
The Times
, 12 Jun 1952; BBC WA, R9/4, 19 May 1952.
10. John Karter,
Lester
(1992), p 24; John Arlott,
Fred
(Coronet edn, 1974), chap 5; ‘Sir Harry Llewellyn, Bt’,
The Times
, 16 Nov 1999; John Colville,
The Fringes of Power, Volume Two
(Sceptre edn, 1987), p 310; Kathleen Tynan,
The Life of Kenneth Tynan
(Methuen edn, 1988), p 98;
Blackpool Gazette & Herald
, 9 Aug 1952; C. P. Lee, ‘The Lancashire Shaman’, in Stephen Wagg (ed),
Because I Tell A Joke Or Two
(1998), pp 46–7.
11. Macmillan, pp 181–2; David Sandison,
The Golden Years: 1952
(1996), p 39; Macmillan, p 183.
12. Frank MacShane (ed),
Selected Letters of Raymond Chandler
(1981), pp 320, 327; John Betjeman,
First and Last Loves
(Grey Arrow edn, 1960), pp 11, 14–15; Bevis Hillier,
John Betjeman: New Fame, New Love
(2002), pp 483, 485; ‘Law Report’,
Independent
, 4 Mar 1998;
Daily Telegraph
, 25 Feb 1998 (Terence Shaw).
13. BBC WA, R9/4, Mar 1952;
Daily Telegraph
, 12 Jul 2002; Sonia Orwell and Ian Angus (eds),
The Collected Essays, Journalism and Letters of George Orwell, Volume I
(1968), p 539. In general on
Billy Bunter of Greyfriars School
, see also the obituaries of Campion in
The Times
/
Guardian
, 11 Jul 2002, and
Independent
, 13 Jul 2002.
14.
Times Educational Supplement
, 25 Jan 1952, 1 Feb 1952, 8 Feb 1952, 7 Mar 1952;
Picture Post
, 30 Aug 1952.
15.
New Statesman
, 21 Mar 1953;
Political Quarterly
(Apr 1952), p 146;
Guardian
, 18 Jan 1994; Alan C. Kerckhoff et al,
Going Comprehensive
(1996), p 62; Anthony Seldon,
Churchill’s Indian Summer
(1981), p 277.
16.
The Spur
(Spring 1952), p 10;
Nottingham Guardian
, 20 Apr 1953; Rosalind Delmar, ‘Recording a Landscape: Growing Up in Dormanstown’, in Jim Fyrth (ed),
Labour’s Promised Land?
(1995), pp 310–12; Beryl Gilroy,
Black Teacher
(1976), pp 50–1; Haines, 22 May 1952.
17.
Daily Mirror
, 1 Jul 1952; John Singleton, ‘The Decline of the British Cotton Industry since 1940’, in Mary B. Rose (ed),
The Lancashire Cotton Industry
(Preston, 1996), p 307;
New Statesman
, 31 May 1952 (Basil Davidson);
Planning
, 1 Dec 1952, pp 130–35.
18. Marguerite W. Dupree, ‘Struggling with Destiny: The Cotton Industry, Overseas Trade Policy and the Cotton Board, 1940–1959’,
Business History
, Oct 1990, pp 116–18; John Singleton,
Lancashire on the Scrapheap
(Oxford, 1991), p 130; David Hunt, ‘Cyril Lord’, in
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Volume 34
(Oxford, 2004), p 437;
Oldham Chronicle
, 19 Jul 1952; Streat, p 646;
Daily Express
, 23 Aug 1952; Singleton,
Scrapheap
, p 131.
19. Singleton,
Scrapheap
, pp 128–9;
Oldham Chronicle
, 12 Jul 1952; Ferdynand Zweig,
The British Worker
(1952), p 40; Correlli Barnett,
The Verdict of Peace
(2002), p 303; John Singleton, ‘Showing the White Flag: The Lancashire Cotton Industry, 1945–65’,
Business History
, Oct 1990, p 129.
20. David Edgerton,
Warfare State
(Cambridge, 2006), p 104;
Economic History Review
(Aug 2006), pp 649–50 (Rodney Lowe review of
Warfare State
);
Times Literary Supplement
, 27 Jan 1995; Juliet Gardiner,
From the Bomb to the Beatles
(1999), pp 62–3; Denis Gifford,
Complete Catalogue of British Comics
(Exeter, 1985), p 59; ‘Raymond Baxter’,
Daily Telegraph
, 16 Sep 2006,
Guardian
, 19 Sep 2006 (Richard Williams).
21.
New Yorker
, 20 Sep 1952;
Daily Mirror
, 3 Sep 1952; Sandison,
Golden Years
, p 45;
Daily Mirror
, 8 Sep 1952;
Guardian
, 6 Dec 2005 (Stephen Moss);
New Yorker
, 20 Sep 1952.
22. Keith Hayward,
The British Aircraft Industry
(Manchester, 1989), chaps 2, 5; Arthur Reed,
Britain’s Aircraft Industry
(1973), pp 1–2; Barnett,
Verdict
, chap 17; Geoffrey Owen,
From Empire to Europe
(1999), pp 304–7.