Heinrich Himmler : A Life (133 page)

42
. Ibid. membership card of the Schützengesellschaft Freiweg.

43
. BAK, NL 1126/1.

44
. TB, 17 November 1919.

45
. TB, 11 November 1919.

46
. TB, 31 December 1919.

47
. On Himmler’s early anti-Semitism see also Smith,
Himmler
, 125 f.

48
. The issue of how far Jewish students ought to be allowed to take part in the social life of their fellow students was intensively discussed in the aftermath of World War I. Thus the question of whether Jews should be allowed to become members of the Deutsche Studentenschaft was one of the main subjects for discussion at its founding meeting in Würzburg in 1919, until finally an ambiguous formula for membership was worked out. The majority of the Burschenschaften (fraternities) agreed a resolution at the fraternities conference in 1920 that banned the membership of Jews and those in ‘mixed marriages’. The Verband der Vereine Deutscher Studenten (League of German Student Associations) resolved in 1920 that Jews should no longer be eligible to be given ‘satisfaction’ (i.e. allowed to take part in duels). See Helma Brunck,
Die Deutsche Burschenschaft in der
Weimarer Republik und im Nationalsozialismus
(Munich, 1999), esp. 184 ff.; Heike Ströle-Bühle,
Studentischer Antisemitismus in der Weimarer Republik. Eine Analyse der burschenschaftlichen Blätter 1918 bis 1933
(Frankfurt a. M. etc., 1991), esp. 84 ff.; and Marc Zirlewagen,
Der Kyffhäuser-Verband der Vereine Deutscher Studenten in der Weimarer Republik
(Cologne, 1999), 65 ff. Also Michael H. Kater,
Studentenschaft und Rechtsradikalismus in Deutschland 1918–1933. Eine sozialgeschichtliche Studie zur Bildungskrise in der Weimarer Republik
(Hamburg, 1975), esp. 146 ff. On the continuation of anti-Semitic traditions among students from Imperial Germany see Norbert Kampe,
Studenten und ‘Judenfrage’ im Deutschen Kaiserreich. Die Entstehung einer antisemitischen Trägerschicht des Antisemitismus
(Göttingen, 1988).

49
. TB, 15 December 1919.

50
. TB, 26 December 1919.

51
. TB, 12 November 1919.

52
. TB, 4–9 January 1920.

53
. TB, 3 January 1920, refers to the ‘street ballad, which Lu and I are doing for the benefit of Vienna children, and which we want to sing for the party at Loritz’s’. On 13 January he wrote about the origin of the piece. In BAK, NL 1126/1 there is a programme note, ‘For the children of Vienna’.

54
. TB, 25, 28, 30 November, 9, 14, and 30 December 1919, and 13, 20, 23 January 1920.

55
. See e.g. TB, 25 January 1920; previously there are entries concerning rehearsals of the piece, for example on 14 January 1920.

56
. TB, 15, 16, 17, 19, and 20 October, 1 and 9 November 1919. Thereafter Himmler’s visits to the Hagers decreased. On Himmler’s earlier relationship with Luisa Hager see Smith,
Himmler
, 67 f. During his stay in the Ingolstadt hospital he noted of Ottilie Wildermuth’s book
Aus dem Frauenleben
, ‘Very suitable for Luisa’ (Leseliste, no. 18).

57
. TB, 20 October 1919.

58
. TB, 1 November 1919; the same formulation occurs on 2 November 1919.

59
. TB, 9 November 1919.

60
. TB, 28 October 1919.

61
. TB, 30 October 1919.

62
. TB, 2 November 1919.

63
. TB, 5 and 15 November 1919.

64
. TB, 17 October and 20 December 1919.

65
. TB, 19 October and 13 November 1919.

66
. TB, 24 November, 1, 8, and 19 December 1919.

67
. TB, 17, 23, and 29 November 1919.

68
. TB, 3 November 1919.

69
. TB, 4 November 1919.

70
. TB, 8 November 1919, also 9 November 1919.

71
. TB, 7 November 1919.

72
. TB, 13 November 1919.

73
. TB, 11 November 1919. On his plans to emigrate see Smith,
Himmler
, 127.

74
. In the diary there are numerous entries about his learning Russian, e.g. on the 17, 18, 26, and 27 November, 1, 9, 19, 22, 23, 25, and 29 December 1919, as well as on the 3 and 13 January 1920.

75
. TB, 14 November 1919.

76
. TB, 12, 17, 20–6 November 1919.

77
. TB, 16 November 1919.

78
. TB, 26 and 27 November 1919.

79
. TB, 28 November 1919.

80
. TB, 30 November 1919.

81
. TB, 1 and 2, and 7, 8, 11, and 13 December 1919.

82
. TB, 8 December 1919.

83
. TB, 10 December 1919.

84
. TB, 31 December 1919.

85
. TB, 11 January 1920.

86
. TB, 12 January 1920: ‘Afterwards continued a very unsatisfactory conversation with Gebhard. A sorting out.’

87
. TB, 14 January 1920.

88
. TB, 28 January 1920; on the development of his sexuality see also Smith,
Himmler
, 117 ff.

89
. TB, 24 November 1919.

90
. TB, 18 December 1919.

91
. Leseliste no. 43,
Der Priester und der Messnerknabe und andere apokryphe Erzählungen
(Hanover, 1919). The book was erroneously attributed to Oscar Wilde.

92
. TB, 30 January 1920.

93
. TB, 6 December 1919.

94
. TB, 7 December 1919, similarly on 21 December 1919.

95
. TB, 31 December 1919: ‘In the evening I read and discussed politics with father’; 4–9 January 1920: ‘On 7.1. and 8.1. dear Daddy was there until 1 p.m.’; 20 January 1920: ‘Very nice letter from Daddy.’ But see also on 24 November 1919: ‘In the morning I got a letter from father that one felt like sticking up on the wall. We were both flabbergasted. Gebhard was annoyed. I wasn’t.’ His personal crisis in spring 1921 is also revealed by two letters from Ludwig Zahler to him in which the latter gave him advice and tried to cheer him up; BAK, NL 1126/18, 14 and 19 April 1921; see also Smith,
Himmler
, 110.

96
. For a classic study see John Bowlby,
Attachment and Loss
, 3 vols. (London, 1969–80). See also Gottfried Spangler und Peter Zimmermann (eds),
Die Bindungstheorie. Grundlagen, Forschung und Anwendung
(Stuttgart, 1995).

97
. See Ulrich Herbert,
Best. Biographische Studien über Radikalismus, Weltanschauung und Vernunft 1903–1989
(Bonn, 1996), 142 ff.

98
. Leseliste no. 36, Albert Ludwig Daiber,
Elf Jahre Freimaurer!
(Stuttgart, 1905), 26–30 October 1919: ‘A book that says nothing particularly new about Freemasonry and portrays it as terribly harmless. I’m dubious about the author’s position.’

99
. Leseliste no. 44, read 23/4 March 1920. According to his list of reading, Himmler had evidently not read Flex’s main work,
Der Wanderer zwischen beiden Welten
(Munich, 1917), which was probably the most widely read book by middle-class young people during the post-war years, in which Flex tried to create a link between the youth movement and the ‘front-line experience’.

100
. Leseliste no. 32, read November 1919.

101
. Ibid. no. 39, read 23 January–1 February 1920.

102
. Ibid. no. 45,
Tagebuch einer Verlorenen: von einer Toten
, ed. Margarete Böhme (Berlin, 1905), read March 1920, in Munich and Ingolstadt.

103
. Ibid. no. 32, read February 1920.

104
. Ibid. no. 47, read 8–17 April 1920.

105
. Ibid. no. 51, read 1–10 August 1920.

106
. Ibid. no. 50, read 5–7 May 1920. The book’s overarching theme was ‘work and don’t despair’.

107
. Hans Wegener,
Wir jungen Männer
(Düsseldorf and Leipzig, 1906), 62.

108
. Ibid. 75 f.

109
. Leseliste no. 50.

110
. BAK, NL 1126/12, 15 September 1920.

111
. BAK, NL 1126/3, membership card of the Touring Club; on the journey to Fridolfing that turned out to be rather hair-raising on account of the bad weather see BAK, NL 1126/12, letter to his parents of 9 September 1920; Smith,
Himmler
, 130.

112
. BAK, NL 1126/12, 19 and 26 September, 10 October, and 18 November 1920 as well as 2 June 1921. On his stay in Fridolfing in general see also Smith,
Himmler
, 130 ff.

113
. BAB, NS 19/3535. In autumn 1942 Hauptsturmführer Rehrl—he joined the SS in 1936—spent several days at Himmler’s headquarters and accompanied him on a trip to the Crimea; in 1943/4 the Reichsführer-SS allocated him KZ prisoners and Jehovah’s Witnesses, as forced workers for his farm, and, as late as Christmas 1944, he sent a present to Rehrl’s daughter, see ‘Der Dienstkalender Heinrich Himmlers 1941/42’, im
Auftrag der Forschungsstelle für Zeitgeschichte in Hamburg
, ed. and introduced Peter Witte
et al
. (Hamburg, 1999), 20, 22, and 24–7 October, and 1 November 1942; Friedbert Mühldorfer, ‘Fridolfing’, in Wolfgang Benz and Barbara Distel (eds),
Der Ort des Terrors. Geschichte der nationalsozialistischen Konzentrationslager
, vol. 2:
Frühe Lager, Dachau, Emslandlager
(Munich, 2005), 327; BAB, BDC, SS-O Rehrl.

114
. BAK, NL 1126/12, 11 November and 14 December 1920, and 6 and 26 February, 7 March, and 22 May 1921.

115
. Documents concerning the memberships in BAK, NL 1126/3.

116
. BAK, NL 1126/12, 10 October 1920 (choral society), 14 May 1921 (peasant marriage), 2 June 1921 (gymnastics society), 2 June 1921 (Corpus Christi procession).

117
. BAK, NL 1126/1, programme for the district Einwohnerwehr shooting match of 3–5 December 1920 in Titmoning, Shooting results for ‘Himmler from Fridolfing’.

118
. BAK, NL 1126/12, 4 October and 28 November 1920, and 2 June 1921.

119
. Ibid. 19 September and 4 October 1920, and 18 January 1921.

120
. Ibid. 10 October 1921, and 20, 29 March and 24 June 1921.

121
. Ibid. balance sheet from 2 April to10 July 1921.

122
. Ibid. 14 May 1921.

123
. This was his assessment of
Pillars of Society and Brand
(Leseliste nos. 60 and 65).

124
. Leseliste no. 63, read 5–15 October.

125
. Ibid. no. 60, read 3 September 1920.

126
. Ibid. no. 65, read 20 October–3 November 1920. He gave up on Ibsen’s
The Pretenders
(no. 79, read 2–12 February 1921).