Heinrich Himmler : A Life (179 page)

127
. 13 October 1942, Edict of the Reich Criminal Police Office, published in IfZ, Dc 17.02, collection of edicts concerning the preventive combating of crime.

128
. Minute of the Reich Ministry of Food, 14 November 1942, referred to in Martin Luchterhandt,
Der Weg nach Birkenau. Entstehung und Verlauf der nationalsozialistischen Verfolgung der
‘
Zigeuner
’ (Lübeck, 2000), 239.

129
. Himmler command of 16 November 1942, published in IfZ, Dc 17.02, collection of edicts concerning the preventive combating of crime.

130
. Zimmermann,
Rassenutopie
, 305 ff.

131
. BAB, NS 19/180, message from Bormann, 3 December 1942.

132
. Zimmermann,
Rassenutopie
, 297.

133
. The minutes are published in Joachim S. Hohmann,
Robert Ritter und die Erben der Kriminalbiologie. ‘Zigeunerforschung’ im Nationalsozialismus und in Westdeutschland im Zeichen des Rassismus
(Frankfurt a. M., etc., 1991), 75 ff., although without a source. See also Zimmermann,
Rassenutopie
, 302 f., and Karola Fings, ‘Eine “Wannsee-Konferenz” über die Vernichtung der Zigeuner? Neue Forschungsergebnisse zum 15. Januar 1943 und dem “Auschwitz-Erlass”’,
Jahrbuch für Antisemitismusforschung
, 15 (2006), 303–33.

134
. IfZ, Dc 17.02, collection of edicts concerning the preventive combating of crime; see Zimmermann,
Rassenutopie
, 303 f.

135
. Zimmermann,
Rassenutopie
, 305 ff., on the practice of selection.

136
. Ibid. 326 ff.

137
. Ibid. 375.

138
. Ibid. 339 ff.

139
. Ibid. 259 ff.

140
. Ibid. 277 ff.

141
. Ibid. 381 ff.

142
. Ibid. 289 ff.

143
. Ibid. 292.

144
. Ibid. 235 ff.

145
. Stein,
Geschichte
, 182 ff.

146
. BAB, NS 19/4010, 6 October 1943, published in Himmler,
Geheimreden
, 162 ff., quotation p.179.

147
. Wegner,
Politische Soldaten
, 275 f.

148
. IfZ, NO 2015, ‘Volksdeutsche in der Waffen-SS’, excerpt from Reichsleiterdienst, 28 December 1943; see Stein,
Geschichte
, 157.

149
.
Das Schicksal der Deutschen in Rumänien
, ed. Bundesministerium für Vertriebene, Flüchtlinge und Kriegsgeschädigte (Berlin, 1957), Appendix 8, 147E; IfZ, NO 2236, Agreement of 12 May 1943.

150
. Böhm,
Gleichschaltung
, 306 ff.; Casagrande,
‘Prinz Eugen’
, 207 ff.

151
.
Schicksal der Deutschen
, 56E.

152
. IfZ, NO 2213.

153
. Spannenberger,
Volksbund
, 389 ff.

154
. PAA, Inland IIg 327, agreement of 22 May 1943.

155
. Ibid. report on the II. Waffen-SS action, 8 June 1943.

156
. Spannenberger,
Volksbund
, 400.

157
. BAB, NS 19/2133, Himmler order of 29 March 1944.

158
. Spannenberger,
Volksbund
, 412 ff.

159
. Stein,
Geschichte
, 157.

160
. Casagrande,
‘Prinz Eugen’
, 204.

161
. BAB, NS 19/319, Himmler to Phleps.

162
. Stein,
Geschichte
, 162 ff.; BAB, NS 19/2601, Himmler to Phleps, 13 February 1943, re: the creation. For a detailed history of the division see George Lepre,
Himmler’s Bosnian Division: The Waffen-SS Handschar Division, 1943–1945
(Atglen, 1997).

163
. NARA, T 175/111, Himmler to Kammerhofer, 1 July 1943.

164
. BAB, NS 19/2601, 6 August 1943; see the enquiry to Berger concerning the Grand Mufti’s opinion on this matter, 2 July 1943, and Berger’s reply of 26 July 1943 (ibid.).

165
. Ibid. 26 November 1943.

166
. Ibid. Himmler to Berger, 24 April 1943.

167
. BAB, NS 19/4013, speech to the 13th SS Mountain Division, 11 January 1944.

168
. BAB, NS 19/4013, 26 January 1944.

169
. Stein,
Geschichte
, 164 f.

170
. Ibid. 166.

171
. BAB, NS 19/2601, Himmler to Phleps, 10 May 1944.

172
. On the creation of the Baltic units see Stein,
Geschichte
, 157 ff.

173
. IfZ, NO 3301, RFSS to SS Main Office and SS Leadership Main Office, 13 January 1943.

174
. Ibid.

175
. IfZ, NO 3300, Berger to Himmler, 11 December 1942.

176
. IfZ, NO 3379, Berger to Himmler, 17 April 1943.

177
. Stein,
Geschichte
, 160.

178
. IfZ, NO 3044, Message from Jeckeln to the Reich Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories, 2 July 1944, that he had ordered the drafting of the 1925 age cohort in Latvia and the 1926 cohort in Estonia; NO 4884, Order
concerning the drafting of men born between the years 1904 and 1923 for military service, 30 January 1944 (Estonia); see Stein,
Geschichte
, 160.

179
. Stein,
Geschichte
, 160.

180
. Ibid. 167.

181
. BAB, NS 19/4013, 16 May 1944.

182
. Stein,
Geschichte
, 166 f.

183
. Ibid. 168 f.

184
. Helmut Heiber (ed.),
Hitlers Lagebesprechungen. Die Protokollfragmente seiner militärischen Konferenzen 1942–1945
(Stuttgart, 1962), 938 ff.

185
. BAB, NS 19/4014, Speech to Wehrmacht generals on 24 May 1944 in Sonthofen, passage published in Himmler,
Geheimreden
, 208 f.; see Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 540 f.

186
. BAB, NS 2/19, 28 May 1944. See also BAB, NS 19/4014, speech in Kochem, 25 May 1944: ‘ . . . the men involved are naturally not SS men’; NARA T-175/111, Himmler to Jüttner, 7 July 1942; Stein,
Geschichte
, 161.

187
. BAB, NS 2/153, telex of 24 January 1944, quoted in circular from the head of RuSHA, Turner, 22 February 1944.

188
. This could apply to the ‘Prinz Eugene’ and ‘Horst Wessel’ divisions and to the cavalry division; BAB, NS 2/154, SS Main Office to reinforcement agencies, 24 July 1944, with reference to Himmler’s order of 27 June 1944.

189
.
SS en Nederland
, doc. no. 349, Himmler note of 3 March 1943; see Wegner,
Politische Soldaten
, 313 ff.

190
. NARA, T 175/74, Himmler note of 10 February 1943. The note is concerned with the establishment of another Germanic division, named ‘Waräger’.

191
. NARA, T 175/88, Brandt minute of 7 September 1943.

192
. ‘Himmler’s speech to the Gauleiters on 3 August 1944’, documented in
Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte
, 1 (1953), 357–94, quotation p. 394.

193
. References in
SS en Nederland
, doc. no. 604, Himmler to Jüttner and Berger, 4 December 1944, and doc. no. 434, Himmler note of 13 July 1943.

194
. The precise official title in the document of appointment was ‘Reich and Prussian Minister of the Interior’. This double title for the ministries, which had been combined in 1934, had not been used since 1938; the fact that the old title was now being reactivated can be seen as a gesture to Göring, who was still Prussian Prime Minister. On Himmler’s appointment and activities see in particular Dieter Rebentisch,
Führerstaat und Verwaltung im Zweiten Weltkrieg. Verfassungsentwicklung und Verwaltungspolitik 1939–1945
(Stuttgart, 1989), 499 ff.; Stephan Lehnstaedt, ‘Das Reichsministerium des Innern unter Heinrich Himmler 1943–1945’,
Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte
, 54 (2006), 639–72, and Birgit Schulze, ‘Heinrich Himmler, das Reichsministerium des Innern und das Verhältnis von Staat und Partei, 1943–1945’, in Klaus Möltgen (ed.),
Kriegswirtschaft und öffentliche Verwaltung im Ruhrgebiet 1939–1945
(Gelsenkirchen, 1990), 9–33.

195
.
Tagebücher Goebbels
, 10 August 1943.

196
. Neliba,
Frick
, 354 ff.; BAB, R 43 II/136a, on the appointment process.

197
.
Tagebücher Goebbels
, 21 August 1943. On 9 August 1943 Goebbels had proposed to Hitler that the Interior Ministry be split and Himmler appointed police minister (ibid. 10 August 1943).

198
. See Rebentisch,
Führerstaat
, 502, with further details.

199
. Michael Fahlbusch,
Wissenschaft im Dienst der nationalsozialistischen Politik? Die ‘Volksdeutschen Forschungsgemeinschaften’ von 1931–1945
(Baden-Baden, 1999), 738 ff.

200
. On Himmler’s leadership style as Reich Interior Minister see Rebentisch,
Führerstaat
, 508.

201
. For example, he made this demand in his speeches of 4 and 6 October 1943 (BAB, NS 19/4010) and in his speech to the meeting of district governors (Regierungspräsidenten) in Breslau on 10 und 11 January 1944 (Note in R 43 II/425a); this was taken into account in a circular edict of 28 October 1943 (
MBliV
1943, S. 1875); see Rebentisch,
Führerstaat
, 509.

202
. Remark in the speech of 6 October 1943 (BAB, NS 19/4010); see Rebentisch,
Führerstaat
, 509 f.

203
. Speeches of 4 and 6 October 1943 (BAB, NS 19/4010).

204
. Hans Mommsen, ‘Ein Erlass Himmlers zur Bekämpfung der Korruption in der inneren Verwaltung vom Dezember 1944’,
Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte
, 16 (1968), 295–309. Himmler had already referred to this in his speech of 6 October 1943.

205
. BAB, NS 19/3280, speech at the meeting of Oberbürgermeisters and Land-eshauptmänner on 12 and 13 February 1944 in Posen. See also NS 19/4010, speech of 4 October 1943, in which he declared ‘getting rid of corruption and bad behaviour’ to be one of his most important aims as Reich Interior Minister.

206
. He had already made a note of this motto for his inaugural speech on 26 August 1943; see also BAB, NS 19/4010, Speech of 6 October 1943. For the following see Rebentisch,
Führerstaat
, 503 ff.

207
. Ibid. 503 ff.; Longerich,
Stellvertreter
, 187 ff.

208
. See his speeches of 4 and 6 October 1943 (BAB, NS 19/4010) and his address to the meeting of Oberbürgermeisters and Landeshauptmänner on 12 and 13 February 1944 in Posen (NS 19/3280); BAB, R 1501/1272, Stuckart to Kreiss, 14 February 1944. According to this Himmler intended to get the Ahnenerbe to publish monographs under the rubric ‘German Mayors as Pillars of the Reich’.