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862 AClHE CARE HANDBOOK FOR PHYSICAL THERAPISTS
Table lV-18. Expectorants
Indication: To facilitate bronchopulmonary secretion removal
Mechanism of action: Reduce adhesiveness and surface tension of
respiratory tract fluid [0 enhance expectoration
General side effects: Nausea, vomiting, headache, rash
Generic name (brand name): Guaifenesin (Anti·Tuss, Breonesin, Fenesin,
Genatuss, Glycoruss, Humibid, Organidin, Pneumomisr, Robitllssin),
iodinated glycerol (Iophen, Par Glycerol, R·Gen)
Source: Data from Drug Facrs and Comparisons 2000 (54rh ed). Sf. Louis: Wolrers
Kluwer, 2000.
Table rv-19.A. Antacids
Indications: Peptic ulcer disease, reflux esophagitis, gastritis, hiatal hernia
Mechanism of action: Neutralize gastric acidity (increases pH), decrease the
rate of gastric emptying, strengthen gastric mucosal barrier, and increase
esophageal sphincter tone
General side effects: Constipation, osteomalacia, encephalopathy, headache,
irritability, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain
Generic name (trade name): Aluminum carbonate (Basaljei), aluminum
hydroxide (AlternaGEL, Alu·Cap, Aluminum Hydroxide Gel, Alu-Tab,
Arnphojel, Dialume), calcium carbonate (Alka-Mims, Amitone, Cal-sup,
Dicarbosil, Maalox Antacid Caplets, Rolaids Calcium Rich, Turns, Turns E·
X, Turns Ultra), magaldrate (Lowsium, Riopan), magnesium oxide (Mag
Ox 400, Uro-Mag)
Sources: Dam from CD Ciccone. Gasrroinrestinal Drugs. In CD Ciccone (ed), Pharma·
cology in Rehabilir:uion (2nd ed). Philadelphia: FA Davis, 1 996;390; Nursing 2001
Drug Handbook (21st ed). Springhouse PA: Springhouse, 2001 ;643-648, 684-694; and
L Skidmore-Roth (ed). Mosby's Nursing Drug Reference. 51. Louis: Mosby. 200 I ;3.
Table I V-19.B. Antiulcer Medications
Hz·receptor blockers
Indications: Primarily duodenal ulcers, but can also be used for gastric
ulcer and Zollinger· Ellison syndrome
Mechanism of action: Inhibit action of Hz receptor sites of rhe parietal
cells, resulting in decreased acid secretion
General side effects: Headache, dizziness, mild nausea, diarrhea, or
constipation