India: A History. Revised and Updated (127 page)

Senas, 11–12th c dynasty in Bengal,
244

Sesodias, rajput lineage of Mewar (Udaipur),
287
,
313
–5,
328
–30,
354
,
360

Seunas, 12–13th c Yadava dynasty of Devagiri,
252
–5,
257

Shah Alam I,
see
Bahadur Shah

Shah Alam II, 18th c Mughal emperor,
382
,
391
–2,
410

Shah Bano case,
588
–9

Shah Jahan, Mughal emperor,
328
–30,
331
,
332
,
333
–6,
338
–40,
343
,
370

Shah Jahan ll, 18th c Mughal emperor,
366

Shah Shuja, 19th c claimant to throne of Kabul,
418
–19,
424

Shahbazgarhi, North West Frontier Province,
95

Shahis, 9–11th c dynasty in Kabul & Panjab,
202
–7,
211
–2

Shahjahanabad,
i.e.
Old Delhi,
335
,
343
,
366

Shahji Bhonsle, 17th c Maratha leader, father of Shivaji,
332
,
337

Shahuji, 18th c Maratha leader, grandson of Shivaji,
363
,
364
,
366

Shaista Khan, Mughal commander, brother of Mumtaz Mahal,
352
,
371

Shaiva, Shaivite, ‘pertaining to Shiva’ (
q.r.
)

Shakas, ‘Scythian’ dynasty of kings & satraps,
109
,
110
,
111
,
130
–3

Shamasastry, Dr R., scholar,
81

Shambhaji, I, Maratha king, son of Shivaji,
354
–5,
356

Shambhaji II, 18th c Maratha leader, grandson of Shivaji,
357
,
363

Shams-ud-Din, Muhammad, 15th c Bahmanid Sultan,
284

Sharia
law,
529
,
590
–1

Sharif, Nawaz, Pakistani prime minister,
592
,
594
,
595
,
600
,
602

Shariyar, Mughal Prince, son of Jahangir,
334

Sharqi Kings, 14–15th c dynasty of Jaunpur,
272
–4

Shastri, Lal Bahadur, Prime Minister,
536
,
549

Shatavahana, 1st–3rd c Deccan dynasty,
106
,
125
–8,
130
,
133

Sher Shah Sur, 16th c Afghan rival of Mughals,
298
,
299
–302,
308
–9,
325

Sherwani, Prof, historian,
282

Shiv Sena, militant Hindu nationalist party,
586

Shiva, deity,
xxvii
,
14
,
33
,
109
,
147
,
151
,
200
–1,
209
,
212
,
216

Shivaji, 17th c Maratha king & patriot,
338
,
339
,
350
–4,
457
,
461
,
533

Shore, Sir John, Governor-General,
428

Shortughai, Afghanistan,
10

Shuja, Mughal Prince, son of Shah Jahan,
339
,
340
–1

Shunga Dynasty,
2
nd–1st c
BC
rulers of Magadha,
105
,
106
,
108

Siachen glacier,
515

Siddhartha Gautama,
see
Buddha

Sidi Yakub, naval commander in alliance with Aurangzeb,
372

Sikander Lodi, 15th c Delhi Sultan,
289
,
291
–2

Sikhs,
316
–7,
344
–5,
360
–1,
404
,
411
,
417
,
418
–19,
420
–5,
439
,
472
,
506
–8,
523
,
572
,
576
–9,
586

Sikkim,
563
–4

Simla Accorod (1972),
562

Simla Conference (1945),
500

Simla, Himachal Pradesh,
415
,
517

Simon, Sir John, UK politician & chairman of 1927 Commission,
483

Sind,
58
,
131
,
166
,
167
,
180
–7,
202
,
210
,
256
,
271
,
318
,
419
–20,
490
,
518
,
554
,
567

Singapore,
415
,
452
,
472
,
473
,
495

Singh, Hari, Maharajah of Kashmir
514
,
536

Singh, Manmohan, Indian prime minister,
603

Singh, Vishwanath Pratap, prime minister,
532

Sinkiang,
104
,
112
,
114

Siraj-ud-Daula, 18th c nawab of Bengal,
381
,
388
–90

Sircar, D.C., historian,
155

Sirhind, Panjab,
235
,
309

Sita Ram, brahman NCO in Bengal army,
419

Sita, deity,
xxvii

Skanda-Gupta, 5th c Gupta emperor,
130
,
144
,
145

‘Slave’ Dynasty, the first Delhi sultanate founded by Qutb-ud-Din Aybak,
240
–50

Sobraon, battle of (1846),
423

Solankis of Gujarat, rajput dynasty of 11th–13th c,
227
,
234
,
241

Somapura (Paharpur), Bengal,
193

Somnath, Gujarat,
209
,
257
,
598

Sopara, Maharashtra,
126
,
127

South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC),
602

South East Asian Treaty Organisation (SEATO)
533
,
541

Sowars
, mounted soldiers, troopers,
275
,
324
,
325
,
379

Spices,
122
–3,
188
,
306

Sramanas
, renunciates, members of heterodox sects,
97
,
184

Sravana Belgola, Karnataka,
85
–6

Sravasti, capital of Koshala,
51
,
64
,
66
,
165

Sreni
, guilds of urban artisans,
125
–6,
145

Sri Gupta,
3
rd c precursor of imperial Guptas,
134

Sri Lanka,
89
,
90
,
119
,
121
,
137
,
146
,
172
–3,
177
,
215
,
220
,
223
,
531
,
602

Srinagar, Kashmir,
514
,
602

Sriangam, Tamil Nadu,
252
,
258

Srirangapatnam, Karnataka,
396
,
397
,
398
–9

Srivijaya, SE Asian naval kingdom,
222

Stupa
a hemispherical mound, often clad in stone, commemorating the Buddha & containing Buddhist relics –
see
esp. Amaravati, Barhut, Sanchi

Suddhodana, father of Buddha,
64

Sudraka, playwright,
151

Sudras
, the labouring caste,
53
,
182

Sufis, Islamic saints & miracle workers,
279
,
316

Suhrawardy, Husayn Shaheed, Bengali politician & founder of Bangladesh’s Awami League,
505
,
509
,
528
,
543
,
546

Sukarno, President of Indonesia,
484
–5,
533

Suleiman, merchant,
190
,
191
,
195

Sultaniyeh, Iran,
308

Sumatra, Indonesia,
104
,
123
,
133
,
177
,
222

Sumeria, ancient Mesopotamian kingdom,
3
,
9
,
16

Sundara Pandya, 13th c Pandya king of Madurai,
252

Sundramurti, Tamil saint,
219

Surat, Gujarat,
323
,
339
,
348
–50,
352
,
354
,
371
–2,
375

Surman, John, East India Company factor,
374
–5,
376

Suryadevi, princess of Sind,
185
–6

Sutkagen-dor, Makran,
10

Suvarnagiri, Andhra Pradesh,
98
,
100

Suvisakha, Rudradaman’s minister,
130
,
133

Swadeshi
, nationalist focus on ‘homeproduced’ goods & the boycott of imported manufactures,
466
,
467
,
477
,
487

Swaraj
, ‘self-rule’,
467
,
470
,
479
,
480
,
481
,
483
,
486

Swat, Pakistan,
71
,
107
,
108
,
114
,
158
,
596

Sylhet, Bangladesh,
587

Tagore, Rabindranath, Bengali philosopher & poet,
336
,
461
,
467
,
471
,
477

Taj Mahal,
xxviii
,
241
,
335
–6

Takla Makan, Sinkiang,
104
,
114

Taliban,
595
–6

Talikota, Battle of (1565),
307
–8

Tamasp, Shah of Persia,
299
,
308
,
386

Tamil Nadu,
xxv
,
118
,
172
,
212
,
214
–23,
252
,
258
,
332
,
337
,
354
,
529

Tamil language,
106
,
118
,
119
–20,
121
–2,
219
–20,
529

Tamluk (Tamralipti), Bengal,
65
,
145
,
176

Tamralipti
see
Tamluk

Tanjore, Tamil Nadu, xix,
215
,
216
–7,
218
,
222
–3,
337
,
379

Tantras
, Hindu-Buddhist texts on the rites of supernatural communion,
194

Tarabai, Maratha consort & regent,
357
,
363
,
368

Tarain, Battles of (1191 & 1192),
235
–7

Tashkent, Treaty of (1966),
548
,
549

Tashkurgan, Sinkiang,
115

Tata, Jamshed, industrialist,
466
,
531

Tatya Topi (Tantia Topi), military leader in 1857 Rebellion,
442
,
444

Taxation,
50
,
97
–8,
185
,
218
–9,
235
,
242
,
268
,
272
,
276
,
313
,
321
–4,
325
,
342
–3,
357
–9,
375
–6,
387
,
390
,
414
,
430
,
436
,
526

Taxila, Panjab,
51
,
60
–2,
71
,
79
,
90
,
96
,
98
,
100
,
103
,
107
,
114
,
158

Tea,
448

Tegh Bahadur, Sikh Guru,
345

Telugu language,
118

Terrorism,
572
,
579
–80,
585
–6,
600
–1