India: A History. Revised and Updated (123 page)

Karma
, ‘deed’, ‘fate’, the causal effect of conduct in one life on status in the next,
189

Karnal, Haryana,
385

Karnataka,
xxvii
,
85
–6,
105
,
118
,
168
,
191
,
251
–2,
302
–8,
474
,
517

Kashmir,
97
,
107
,
111
,
144
,
158
,
166
,
182
,
202
–3,
211
–12,
288
,
318
,
330
,
334
,
341
,
385
,
420
,
423
,
493
,
see also
Jammu & Kashmir

Kaundinya, brahman adventurer,
124
,
177

Kauravas, descendents of Kuru (
q.v.
) Kaushambi, Uttar Pradesh,
51
,
69
,
136

Kautilya, supposed author of the
Arthasastra
,
xx
,
60
,
63
,
80
–3,
92
,
103
,
119
,
170
–1

Kaveri River, xix,
118
,
122
,
214
–5

Kelat, Baluchistan,
545

Kerala,
28
,
118
,
119
,
120
,
121
,
122
,
170
,
277
,
396
,
398
,
448
,
481
,
530
–1,
550

Khadi
, homespun cotton textiles,
481

Khafi Khan, Muslim chronicler,
350
–1,
352
,
364
,
366
,
533

Khajuraho, Madhya Pradesh,
151
,
213
–4

Khaleda Zia, Bangladeshi prime minister,
590

‘Khalistan’,
578
,
579

Khaljis (Khiljis), Afghan lineage & Delhi dynasty,
243
–5,
249
,
253
–61

Khalsa
, (1) land revenues reserved to the king,
321
,
387

(2) the Sikh brotherhood of ‘the pure’,
361

Khan, General Ayub, President of Pakistan,
540
–8,
553
,
554

Khan, General Yahya, President of Pakistan,
553
–60

Khan, Liaqat Ali, prime minister of Pakistan,
501
,
519
–20,
540

Khan, Sir Sayyid Ahmad, Muslim reformer & educationalist,
458
,
459

Khan, Wali, Pathan leader,
566
–7

Khanua, battle of (1526),
295
–6

Kharavela, King of Kalinga,
106
,
108
,
119

Khilafat Movement in support of Ottoman caliphate,
477
–9,
482

Khilnani, Sunil, political scientist,
563

Khizrabad, Haryana,
136

Khmers, Cambodian dynasty & people,
124
,
176
,
223

Khunjerab Pass, between Pakistan & China on Karakoram Highway,
113
,
115

Khurram, Prince,
see
Shah Jahan Khusrau, Prince, son of Jahangir,
328
,
345

Khyber Pass, between Pakistan & Afghanistan,
71
,
181
,
206

Kingship,
32
–3,
39
,
47
,
48
–9,
70
,
111
,
131
,
139
,
140
,
159
,
170
–2,
220
,
248
,
350
,
354

Kipling, Rudyard,
336

Kistna River,
200
,
283

Kitchener, Lord, Commander-in-chief of Indian army 468

Koh-i-Nur Diamond,
293
,
299
,
308
,
386
,
418
,
424
–5

Kolhapur, Maharashtra,
368
,
413

Kolkota,
xxviii
,
see
Calcutta Konarak, Orissa,
213
,
275

Kosambi, D.D., historian,
xvii
,
38
–9,
86
,
132
,
133
,
134
,
154
,
159

Koshala, ancient kingdom in Uttar Pradesh,
44
,
50
,
66
,
67
–70

Krishna I, 8th c Rashtrakuta king,
191
,
200

Krishna, III, 10th c Rashtrakuta king,
215

Krishna, deity,
42
,
46
,
73
,
147
,
208

Krishan-Deva-Raya, I, 16th c king of Vijayanagar,
294
,
303
–5

Krishna-Deva-Raya III, 18th c Maharaja of Mysore,
425

Ksatriya
, the warrior & ruling caste,
52
,
70
,
120
,
131
,
197
,
231
,
345

Kshtrapas
, ‘satraps’, subordinate rulers,
see
esp. Western Satraps

Kujula Kadphises, Kushana king,
111
,
115

Kumaradevi, 4th c queen, consort of Chandra-Gupta I,
135

Kumara-Gupta, 5th c Gupta emperor,
142
,
143
–4

Kumbalgarh, Rajasthan,
287

Kumbha, 15th c Rana of Mewar,
287

Kuru, Vedic clan,
41
,
42
,
46
,
50

Kurukshetra, battle of (c950
BC
),
46

Kushanas,
1
–2nd c
AD
dynasty,
110
–12,
113
–4,
115
–6,
117
,
130
,
137

Kutch, Rana of,
557

Ladakh, Jammu & Kashmir,
288
,
341
–2,
420
,
513
,
515
,
534
–5

Lahore, Panjab,
73
,
203
,
225
,
226
,
233
,
247
,
292
,
318
,
334
,
403
,
411
,
422
,
476
,
483
,
508
,
523
,
548
,
602

Lake, Gerard, British general,
410

Lakhnauti, Bengal,
244

Lakshmana, hero,
xxvii
,
39

Lakshmanasena, 12–13th c Sena king of Bengal,
244

Lakshmi Bai, 19th c Rani of Jhansi,
443
–4

Lal Kunwar, 18th c mistress of Jahandah Shah,
364

Lal, B.B., historian,
9

Lalliya, 9th c king of Kabul,
203

Lamghan (Lughman), Afghanistan,
203
,
205

Lashkar-i-Taiba,
594

Language issues,
527
–30,
577

Laswari, battle of (1803),
410

Lawrence, John, Governor-General,
424

Licchavis, tribe & republic,
48
,
49
–50,
52
,
67
–70,
135
–6

Lingam
, the phallic icon of Shiva,
209
,
216
,
343

Linlithgow, Lord, Viceroy,
498
,
504

Literature,
103
,
119
–20,
151
–2,
161
,
229

Lodi, Afghan tribe & Delhi dynasty,
274
,
288
,
289
–90,
298

Lohara, 11th c Kashmiri dynasty,
212

Lokayats, sect,
64

Lop Nor, China,
114

Lothal, Harappan site,
10
,
13

Louis XVI, French king,
397
–8

Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh,
428
,
435
,
440
–3

Lucknow Pact (1916),
470
,
474

Lytton, Lord, Viceroy,
447
,
454
,
455

Macaulay, Thomas, author, stateman & legal adviser in India,
171
,
431
,
503

Machchlipatnam, Andhra Pradesh,
357

Mackay, Ernest, archaeologist,
9

Mackenzie, Colin, surveyor & antiquarian,
426

McMahon Line, Sino-Indian frontier
535
,
536

Madhava Rao, Maratha Peshwa,
404

Madho Singh, Raja of Jaipur,
404

Madhya Pradesh,
130
,
227
,
584

Madras,
121
,
122
,
156
,
332
,
370
,
373
,
376
,
377
–9,
393
–4,
396
,
472
,
529

Madurai, Tamil Nadu,
119
,
120
,
172
,
215
,
252
,
258
,
308
,
337

Magadha, Bihar,
50
,
61
–70,
73
,
79
,
82
–3,
90
–100,
105
,
106
,
111
,
134
,
135
,
147
,
165

Mahabharata
, Sanskrit epic,
xxvii
,
2
,
3
,
4
,
34
,
37
–46,
54
,
60
,
73
,
120

Mahadji Scindia, 18th c Maratha leader,
368
,
406
–9

Maha-janapada
, ‘great clan-territories’, embryonic states,
50
,
58

Maha-kshtrapa
, ‘great satrap’,
see
esp. Western Satraps Mahapadma Nanda, 4th c
BC
king,
70
,
78

Maharajadhiraja
, ‘great king of kings’,
134
,
137
,
140
,
160
,
169
,
195
,
197

Maharashtra,
118
,
125
–8,
168
,
191
,
252
–5,
338
,
454
,
474
,
520

Mahasabha
, Hindu revivalist party,
454
,
481
,
504
,
598

Maha-samanta
, ‘great vassal’, ‘great neighbour’,
160

Mahavira Nataputta, Jain founder,
47
,
62
,
64
,
86

Mahayana school of Buddhism,
115
–7,
194

Mahendrapala, 9–10th c Gurjara-Pratihara king,
199

Maheshwar, Madhya Pradesh,
407

Mahinda, son of Ashoka & Buddhist missionary to Sri Lanka,
90
,
96

Mahipala I, 11th c Pala king of Bengal,
220

Mahmud Gawan, chief minister in Bahmanid sultanate,
284

Mahmud Khalji, 15th c Sultan of Malwa,
286

Mahmud of Ghazni, 11th c invader,
205
–12,
213
,
235

Mahmud Shah, 15–16th c Bahmanid Sultan,
302

Mahmud Shah Begarha, 15–16th c Sultan of Gujarat,
286
–7

Maitrakas, 6–8th c dynasty in Gujarat,
157
,
166
,
181
,
187

Majumdar, Prof R.C., historian,
xvi
,
28

Makran, coastal region of Baluchistan,
10
,
76
,
182
,
183