The Great Cholesterol Myth (47 page)

Justification for the Use of Statins in Primary Prevention (JUPITER) study,
118
–120

LDL particle size tests and,
171

Lipitor,
104
,
112
,
114
,
115
–116

Lp(a) molecules and,
174

mevalonate pathway and,
101
,
102
,
107

necessity of,
25

nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) and,
107

oxytocin and,
109
–110

plaque and,
120

Pravachol,
115
,
117

pravastatin,
115
,
117

primary prevention,
114

promotion of,
22
,
24

Prospective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk (PROSPER),
117
–118,
123

Rosuvastatin,
118

secondary prevention,
114

serotonin receptors and,
110

sex hormones and,
97
,
109
–110

sexual dysfunction and,
109
–110

side-effects of,
95
,
97
,
100
,
101
,
104
–105,
106
,
107
,
111
–112,
125

Stephanie Seneff on,
95
,
96

vitamin D and,
122

Zocor,
103
,
116
,
117

Steptoe, Andrew,
166

steroid hormones,
121

Stone, Alan,
35

strawberries,
183

stress

acute stress,
148

adrenaline,
149
,
150
,
152
–153,
162

alarm stage,
152
–153

animals and,
168

anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) and,
157

arteries and,
148

autonomic nervous system and,
161
–162

blood pressure and,
148
,
153
,
157
–158,
161
,
162

breathing exercises,
191

camaraderie and,
157

cholesterol and,
164
–166

chronic stress,
148
–149,
156
,
157

coping with,
153
–154,
155
,
156

cortisol,
148
,
150
,
153

crying and,
193

denial,
163
–164

depression and,
166

emotional expression and,
166
,
167
,
168
,
169

exhaustion stage,
153

General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) theory,
152
–153

hippocampus and,
153

homeostasis,
153

hormones,
57
,
147
–148,
150
,
156
–157

immune system and,
153

inflammation and,
158

kidneys and,
157

laughter and,
193

left ventricular hypertrophy,
158

maladaptability,
154

meditation,
191

parasympathetic nervous system and,
162

plaque and,
158

platelets and,
156
–157

reduction exercises,
192

“Relaxation Response,” 191,
192

resistance stage,
153

“Roseto Effect,” 149–150

social structure and,
150
–151,
167

sorrow and,
164
,
166

stressors,
153
–154

sympathetic nervous system and,
162

thrombus clots and,
150
,
157

“triage” phenomenon,
156

ulcers and,
152

“voodoo death,” 158–159

sugar.
See also
insulin.

arterial inflammation and,
58

average consumption of,
69
,
71

cells and,
57

cortisol and,
148

eliminating,
177

fructose and,
69
–70,
71
,
92

glucose,
69
,
70
,
71

glycation,
58
,
63
,
70

glycemic index,
88
,
89

glycemic load,
88

high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS),
69
–70,
70
–71

insulin and,
56
–57

LDL subtypes and,
68

magnesium and,
136
–137

metabolization of,
70

proteins and,
63

soda,
177

triglycerides and,
70

triglycerides-to-HDL ratio and,
68

Sugar Association,
68

“Sugar: The Bitter Truth” lecture (Robert Lustig),
71

suicides,
48

supplements

cocoa flavanols,
145

Coenzyme Q
₁₀
(CoQ
₁₀
),
127
–128,
132

curcumin,
143

D-ribose,
130
,
131
–132,
132
–133,
134

folic acid,
174
,
188

iron,
172
–173

L-carnitine,
130
,
131
,
132
,
133
–134

lumbrokinase,
144

magnesium,
127
,
130
,
134
–137

“mixed tocopherols,” 140–141

nattokinase,
144
,
172

niacin,
130
,
137
–138,
138
–139

omega-3 fatty acids,
127
,
142

pantethine,
142
–143

pantothenic acid,
130

resveratrol,
143
,
145

vitamin B
₆
,
174

vitamin B
₁₂
,
174

vitamin C,
143
,
173

vitamin D,
122

vitamin E,
139
–141

Sweet and Dangerous
(John Yudkin),
64
,
65

Switzerland,
34

sympathetic nervous system,
162

T

Tanzania,
65

Tappy, Luc,
70

Taubes, Gary,
21
–22,
60
,
66
,
69

Technion-Israel Institute of Technology,
187

Tel Aviv University,
178

testosterone,
46
,
48
,
109
,
110
,
121

tests

Agatston score,
136
,
175

brachial reactive testing,
178

Clauss-method fibrinogen test,
172

coronary calcium scans,
175
,
177

CRP (C-reactive protein),
171
–172

ferritin,
173

FiF (immunoprecipitation functional intact fibrinogen),
172

homocysteine levels,
174

interleukin-6 levels,
175

LDL particle size,
31
,
171

Lp(a) molecule tests,
173
–174

NMR LipoProfile,
171

VAP (vertical auto profile),
62
,
171

theophylline,
174

Therapeutics Initiative,
123

Thompson, Tommy G.,
68

Time
magazine,
169

tocopherols,
140

tocotrienols,
140

touch therapy,
194

Toward Healthful Diets
guidelines,
37

trans fats,
20
,
38
,
179
–181

transient global amnesia (TGA),
104
–105,
112

triglycerides

carbohydrates and,
67

centenarians and,
59

fructose and,
70

garlic and,
190

HDL cholesterol and,
44
,
61
–62,
67
,
68

insulin and,
60

LDL cholesterol and,
62

low-fat, high-carb diets and,
67

metabolic syndrome and,
71

niacin and,
130
,
137

omega-3 fatty acids and,
130
,
141
,
142

pantethine and,
142
,
143

saturated fat and,
84

Tufts Medical Center,
111

Tufts University School of Medicine,
111

Turku,
35

turmeric,
187

U

University of California,
70

University of London,
33
,
64

University of Munich,
131

University of Pittsburgh,
147

unsaturated fats,
38
,
73
,
76
,
93

uric acid,
71
,
132

U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA),
36
,
37

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
68

U.S. Government Accountability Office,
24

Using the Dietary Guidelines for Americans,
37

V

Vanderbilt University,
41
,
47

vegetable oils,
20
,
38
,
76
,
87
–89,
90
,
91
–92,
181

vegetables,
184

“Velcro effect,” 53

Vertical Auto Profile (VAP) test,
62
,
171

Vioxx,
183

Vita, Joseph,
188
–189

Vital Choice salmon,
142
,
182
–183

vitamins.
See
supplements.

VLDL (very-low-density lipoprotein),
15

Volek, Jeff,
60

“voodoo death,” 158–159

Vytorin,
26
–27

W

Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center,
59

Washington, George,
13

Washington Post,
68

Websites

American College of Cardiology,
175
,
177

American Heart Association,
175
,
177

Duane Graveline,
111

International Network of Cholesterol Skeptics,
21

National Institute of Medicine,
126

Therapeutics Initiative,
123

Uffe Ravnskov,
65

Weissmann, Gerald,
51

West Germany,
34

Weston A. Price Foundation,
20
,
85

“What if It’s All Been a Big Fat Lie?” (Gary Taubes),
22

Why Zebras Don’t Get Ulcers
(Robert Sapolsky),
148

wild Alaskan salmon,
182
–183

wine,
187
–188

Wolf, Stewart,
151

Women’s Health Initiative,
42

World Health Organization (WHO),
35
,
67
–68,
157

Y

Yale School of Medicine,
70

Yale University,
85

Yudkin, John,
33
–34,
64
–65,
66

Yugoslavia,
34

Z

Zimmer, Heinz-Gerd,
131
–132

Zocor,
103
,
116
,
117

Zoloft,
110

Zone diet,
18

Zutphen Elderly Study,
186

*
Trans fats are a special category.

*
Mevacor, a statin drug, was actually introduced in 1987, but statins didn’t become popular until the 1990s.

*
Randomized, double-blind studies are the “gold standard” of these kinds of trials and considered much more reliable than those that are either nonrandomized, nonblinded, or both.

*
When the results of JUPITER came out, the stock of AstraZeneca—the company that makes Crestor—shot up by double digits.

*
A form of vitamin injection administered slowly over the course of ten to fifteen minutes.

© 2012 Fair Winds Press

Text © 2012 Jonny Bowden and Stephen Sinatra

First published in the USA in 2012 by

Fair Winds Press, a member of

Quayside Publishing Group

100 Cummings Center

Suite 406-L

Beverly, MA 01915-6101

www.fairwindspress.com

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized, in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, without prior permission in writing from the publisher.

16 15 14 13 12 1 2 3 4 5

Digital edition published in 2012

eISBN-13: 978-1-61058-634-4

Digital Edition: 978-1-61058-634-4

Softcover Edition: 978-1-59233-521-3

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Bowden, Jonny.

  The great cholesterol myth : why lowering your cholesterol won’t prevent heart
disease—and the statin-free plan that will / Jonny Bowden and Stephen Sinatra.

        p. cm.

  ISBN 978-1-59233-521-3

1. Heart--Diseases--Etiology--Popular works. 2. Heart--Diseases--Prevention--Popular works. 3. Cholesterol--Physiological aspects--Popular works. 4. Cholesterol--Health aspects--Popular works. I. Sinatra, Stephen T. II. Title.