The Life and Death of Anne Boleyn (87 page)

Read The Life and Death of Anne Boleyn Online

Authors: Eric Ives

 
82
R. Strong,
Gloriana: The Portraits of Elizabeth I
(1987), pp. 138-41 and below, n.84.
 
83
Elizabeth
, ed. S. Doran, p. 201.
 
84
LP,
vi.32; RO SP1/66 [
LP
, vi.276].
 
85
Inventory
, nos 2619-2741, 3504-3620, but in fairness Katherine could have removed her books to Sudeley.
 
Chapter 17 Life at Court
 
1
M. Axton,
The Queen’s Two Bodies
(1977), pp. 13-14
 
2
See also S. Thurley,
Palaces,
pp. 73-4.
 
3
Henry’s only distant destinations were York and Hull in 1541.
 
4
See p. 265.
 
5
Thurley,
Palaces
, pp. 50, 78: ‘almost certainly the only wife with a keen interest in architecture’.
 
6
LP,
v.238.
 
7
LP,
v.1299. ‘Anne played a crucial part in the early development of Whitehall’ : Thurley,
Whitehall Palace,
p. 39.
 
8
Colvin,
King’s Works,
iv(i).307; Thurley,
Whitehall Palace,
p. 39. BL, Sloane MS 2495, ff. 13-13v refers to ‘York House in the high chamber over the West Gate’. The two palace gates extant in 1533 were the ‘Holbein’ Gate across King’s Street and the Court Gate, set back from the street to the east. From the position of the royal apartments, the Holbein Gate was the further west of the two. Thurley,
Whitehall Palace,
pp. 10, 40.
 
9
LP, x.1231; Thurley,
Whitehall Palace,
pp. 38-51.
 
10
Thurley,
Hampton Court
(1988), p. 14. Cavendish indicates that Henry was given Hampton Court in 1525, though Wolsey continued to use it and to build there: Colvin,
King’s Works,
iv(i).127; Thurley,
Hampton Court
(2003), pp. 57-8.
 
11
Thurley,
Hampton Court
(1988), pp. 8, 14.
 
12
Ibid., p. 28.
 
13
Ibid.
 
14
For the following see Thurley,
Palaces,
pp. 29, 41, 42, 46.
 
15
Thurley,
Hampton Court
(1988), pp. 15,16.
 
16
Thurley points out the need to match the level of the king’s long gallery: ibid., p. 15. But at Whitehall the queen’s new suite was again constructed on the same floor as the king’s and with similar direct access to the king’s privy gallery: Thurley,
Whitehall Palace,
pp. 50, 63.
 
17
M. Chatenet,
La Cour de France au 16ème siècle
(Paris, 2002), p. 163. I owe this reference to Professor R. J. Knecht.
 
18
Colvin,
King’s Works,
iv(i).350; see p. 159.
 
19
Colvin,
King’s Works,
iv(ii).105.
 
20
Ibid., iv(ii).82; see pp. 198-9.
 
21
Ibid., iv(ii).26.
 
22
Thurley,
Palaces,
pp. 102, 105.
 
23
Colvin,
King’s Works,
iv(ii).241.
 
24
Ibid., iv(ii).104-5. Since the work was done after Henry had separated from Katherine, we can assume Anne’s interest.
 
25
Ibid., iv(ii).82.
 
26
Ibid., iv(ii).105; ‘Building work’, in
Transactions of the Greenwich and Lewisham Antiquarian Society
, 5, 24.
 
27
Colvin,
King’s Works,
iv(ii).148.
 
28
Thurley,
Palaces,
pp. 212-16.
 
29
Colvin,
King’s Works,
iv(ii).133.
 
30
Ibid., iii.194; cf. Royal Commission on Historical Monuments,
City of Cambridge
(1959), i.128-30.
 
31
The heads elsewhere on the screen are antique and male. The screen was installed after Anne’s death, but the expense and difficulty of making changes must explain why her symbols survived. This could mean that the ‘Fall of the Angels’ was not part of the original design.
 
32
R. W. Scribner,
For the Sake of Simple Folk
(Oxford, 1981), p. 158. The angels appear to be falling against a background of classical building which Could represent Rome.
 
33
‘Inventory of the wardrobe of Katherine of Aragon’, in
Camden Miscellany,
iii. Camden Society, 61 (1855), p. 39 [LP, viii.209].
LP,
v.1063.
 
34
Colvin,
King’s Works,
iv(ii).105.
 
35
H.M. the Queen. A further clock associated with Anne was located at Windsor in 1547-8:
Inventory,
no. 13178.
 
36
RO, SP 1/103 ff. 322-7 [
LP,
x.913].
 
37
J. Caley, ‘Extract from a MS in the Augmentation Office’, in
Archaeologia,
9 (1789), 248 [LP, viii.937]; RO, SP1/104 ff. 1v-16 [
LP
, x.914].
 
38
LP, v.696; RO, SP1/103 f. 320 [LP, x.912].
 
39
SP1/66 [
LP
; v.276]. In October 1532 he sent his jeweller twenty rubies and two diamonds reserved for Anne: LP, v.1376.
 
40
See p. 237.
 
41
LP, xii(2).1315.
 
42
The Bradford painting and the
Basilowgia
engraving; the BM medal has the double pearl necklace, but with a pendant cross.
 
43
The NPG pattern, the Hume ring and the Hoskins miniature; the ring does not allow the pendant to be seen.
 
44
Elizabeth’s French hood is also decorated with a sequence of rubies and pearls which is very close to the necklace of the gable hood painting.
 
 
46
Dugdale,
Monasticon,
i.64 [see p. 232 for a Trappers piece of the same weight];
Inventory,
no. 2914.
 
47
Inventory,
no. 2863. The Lady Elizabeth received New Year’s gifts of a little book of gold featuring the Annunciation and a brooch of gold with an antique, but it is not clear that these were given in Anne’s lifetime. Roy 7Cxvi, ff. 21v, 27v.
47 See above, p. 217.
 
48
Inventory,
nos 11320, 11318, 17036, 17034.
 
49
SP1/66f.42 [
LP,
v.276].
 
50
Ibid., ff. 43, 40v.
 
51
Sander,
Schism,
p. 25.
 
52
George Wyatt, in
Wolsey
, ed. Singer, pp. 442-3.
 
53
Inventory,
no. 9219.
 
54
Ibid., nos 9226, 9225. To these we should add the cushion at Whitehall embroidered with Henry’s cipher and honeysuckle, and possibly another bordered with honeysuckle, acorns and strawberry flowers: ibid., nos 9242, 9228. Whether the strawberry flowers are significant is not clear, but the symbolism of honeysuckle twining round an oak is obvious.
 
55
Ibid., no. 12061.
 
56
Ibid., no. 12054.
 
57
Ibid., no. 12057
 
58
Inventory,
no. 12648. This was known as ‘Queen Anne’s bed’ in Jane Seymour’s lifetime: Rov 7Cxvi, f. 61v.
 
59
Glasgow Museums and Art Galleries; The Burrell Collection.
 
60
Inventory,
no. 12162.
 
61
Inventory,
no. 9365. The theme for Anne’s bed at Whitehall was the falcon on the roses; the counterpane at the More was embroidered with ‘H’ and ‘A’ in diamond panels; the Windsor bed was embroidered with Rochford knots (though this was possibly confiscated from George Boleyn): ibid., nos 9770, 13383, 13147.
 
62
The Whitehall bed itself was 8 feet [2.43 m] wide and over 8 feet [2.5m] long: ibid., no. 9770.
 
63
Inventory,
no.11388.
 
64
e.g. Rogier van der Weyden: the
Bladelin Triptych
(Staatliche Museen, Berlin), the
Columba Altarpiece
(Alte Pinakothek, Munich), the
Medici Madonna
(Städelsches Kunstinstitut, Frankfurt), the
Annunciation Triptych
(Louvre).
 
65
St.
Pap.,
i.415 [LP, vi.1486]; LP, viii.440.
 
66
See p. 253.
 
67
RO, SP 1/103 ff. 322-7 [
LP
, x.913]. Conjecturally a device to straighten the fingers (about which the adult Elizabeth was very vain).
 
68
See pp. 198-9; LP, vii.509.
 
69
LP,
x.1257 (ix); xi.117.
 
70
The decision to send Elizabeth to Hertford in December 1533 went through the council.
 
71
St. Pap.,
i.426 [LP, ix.568]. The initiative seems to have been taken by Lady Bryan and communicated to Henry via Cromwell,.
 
72
LP
, ix.568; see above, p. 381 n. 53.
 
73
Literary Remains of King Edward the Sixth
, ed. J. G. Nichols (1857), pp. xxxii-xxxiii.
 
74
See p. 352.
 
75
Parker,
Correspondence
, pp. 59, 400.
 
76
For Parker see pp. 266-7.
 
77
See p. 348.
 
78
John Harington,
Nugae Antiquae,
ed. H. Harington (1779), ii.147.
 
79
RO, SP 1/103 ff. 322-7 [
LP
, x.913].
 
80
London, Victoria and Albert Museum. The instrument has been dated by comparison with continental examples. It is not identifiable among the twenty in Henry’s inventories.
 
81
London, Royal College of Music, MS 1070. For the following, see the authoritative study of the text by Edward E. Lowinsky, in
Florilegium,
pp. 161-235.
 
82
One item (apparently unique to the book) is a pastiche motet,
O salve genitrix Virgo.
This includes the line ‘you outshine the roses’ which, given identification of Anne with the Virgin, could be associated with her badge.
 
83
Cf. also the links between Hannah’s prayer and the Virgin Mary’s
Magnificat.
 
84
Anne’s text must have been derived from France since it leaves the name of Louis XII unchanged.
 
85
See p. 25.
 
86
Professor Warnicke points out that an item which occurs in MS 1070 was published in 1528:
Rise and Fall,
p. 249. A late 1520s date would tally with a possibly fanciful conjecture made by Lowinsky that two illuminations show birds which could be falcons, attacking what could possibly be pomegranates (Katherine of Aragon’s badge). Once Anne had replaced Katherine, such a confrontation would have no point. However, even assuming the birds are falcons, they have neither crowns nor sceptres, and are not perching on roses. Birds pecking fruit are a standard decorative theme [Thurley,
Palaces,
p. 91]. See also Warnicke, ibid., pp. 248-9, and her rejection of Lowinsky’s suggestions that the book includes likenesses of Anne and Katherine.
 
87
A longa in early notation equals two or three breves.

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