The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (59 page)

and AT&T,
49
–51

and effect on capitalism,
3

“natural monopoly,”
8
,
50
–51,
136
–138,
203
–204

temporary,
8

Montreuil, Benoit,
219
–220

Moore, Gordon,
79
–82

Moore’s Law,
79
–80,
82
,
147
,
169

More, Sir Thomas,
31

Morgan Stanley,
54
,
292

Mosaic,
146
,
256
–257

Moss, Frank,
242

music sharing,
232

Music Xray,
130

Myspace,
201

Napster,
170
,
232

National

Human Genome Research Institute,
169

Resources Defense Council (NRDC),
147

Science Foundation,
96

Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA),
149

near zero marginal cost society, 68–151

ascent of the prosumer and the build-out of the smart economy,

extreme productivity, the Internet of Things, and free energy,
69
–87

getting closer to,
84
–87

the last worker standing,
121
–133

and marginal cost controversy,
135
–138

MOOCs,
109
–119

reluctance to come to grips with,
5

3D printing,
89
–108

see also
paradigm shift from market capitalism to Collaborative Commons

network neutrality,
197
–198,
203

The New Capitalist Manifesto
(Haque),
253

Networked Commons,
119
,
151
,
173
,
190
,
194
,
202
,
212
,
221
,
222
,
229
–233,
237
–241,
309

Newmark, Craig,
249

The New York Times,
5
,
129
,
251
,
281

Noam, Eli,
151
,
194

Northern Renaissance,
36
,
300

Noubel, Jean-Francois,
262

Obama, President Barack,
71
–72,
128

Occupy Movement,
57

oil

cost of,
87
,
137
–138,
233

crude oil reserves are dwindling,
86
–87

and infrastructure,
72

mass production of automobiles, effect on,
52
–53

and the Second Industrial Revolution,
47
–54

spills,
165
,
290

Standard Oil Company,
48
–49,
51

see also
fossil fuel(s); Hall, Andy

online higher education.
see
massive open online courses (MOOCs)

Open Source Initiative (OSI),
176

“optimum general welfare,”
3

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD),
21
,
277

The Origin of Species
(Darwin),
64

Ostrom, Elinor,
158
–162,
175
,
190

Paine, Thomas,
65

paradigm shift from market capitalism to Collaborative Commons,
1
–25

and changing the economic paradigm,
9
–11

and the Internet of Things,
11
–16

and the rise of the Collaborative Commons,
16
–25

Parkifi,
145
–146

Patagonia,
263

patent(s),
138
,
165
–167,
170
,
174
–177,
180
–181,
202

patient-driven research (PDR),
19
,
240
–247

peer-to-peer social lending,
255
–257

Perens, Bruce,
176

Perlow, Jason,
128

Perry, Mark J.,
122
–123

Personal Genome Project,
180

The Philosophy of Money
(Simmel),
259

phone, importance of,
49
–51

population, key to stabilization of,
285

poverty,
21
,
107
–112,
209
,
264
,
275
–278,
283
–286

print, and the impact it had on the way we do business,
35
–36,
178
–179

printing press(es),
33
–37,
44
–45

privacy, age of,
75
–77

property relations, notion of,
30
–32

prosumer(s)

ascent of the,
135
–151

beyond governments and markets,
150
–151

and the clean web,
144
–147

definition of,
4
,
90

and free wi-fi for everyone,
147
–149

and power to the people,
138
–144

protests to reclaim the public Commons,
187
–188

QR code,
127

Quigg, Donald J.,
166

rallying around free software,
174
–177

Raspberry Pi,
80

Raymond, Eric S.,
176
–177

RelayRides,
228

rental(s)/renting.
see
social capital and the sharing economy

reputation rankings on the web,
257
–259

reviews, consumer-generated,
248
–249

Rifkin, Milton,
305
–306,
309

rise in collaborative innovation,
21

Rochdale Society of Equitable Pioneers,
212
–213

Rockefeller, John D.,
48
–49

Rose, Carol,
157
–158

Rowe, Jonathan 190

Royal Dutch Shell,
49
,
54
,
142

Ruben, Andy,
237
–238

Rural Electric Administration (REA),
209
–210

Say, Jean-Baptiste,
3

Say’s Law,
3

scarcity.
see
abundance

Schelgel, Heather,
262

Scherzer, Norman,
243

Schlatter, Richard,
30
,
62

Schor, Juliet,
280

Schumacher, E. F.,
100
,
104

Science,
155

Scientific American,
81
–82,
199

“The Second Enclosure Movement and the Construction of the Public Domain” (Boyle),
181
–182

sensors, use of,
11
–13,
73
–74,
143
,
219
,
230

Shareable,
238

SharedEarth,
239

sharing economy/good(s).
see
social capital and the sharing economy

Siemens,
14
–15

Simmel, Georg,
259

Skoll Foundation,
265
–266

smart cities,
12

smart grid(s),
142
–144,
149
,
205
–206,
294

Smart Power Infrastructure Demonstration for Energy Reliability and Security (SPIDERS),
295
“smart” and “sustainable” society.
see
The Internet of Things (IoT)

Smith, Adam,
3
,
11
,
33
,
40
–41,
61
,
107
,
159
,
306
–307

Smith, Alan,
123

Smith, Zach “Hoken,”
94

social

Commons.
see
Collaborative Commons

entrepreneurs,
19
,
21
,
99
,
101
,
103
,
119
,
144
–147,
238
,
262
–269,
298
,
309

trust,
234

web, four phases of,
234

social capital and the sharing economy,
223
–269

and advertising, the end of traditional,
247
–252

and automobile sharing,
225
–231

and bike sharing,
227

and a biosphere lifestyle,
297
–303

and clothing/accessories sharing,
236

crowdfunding capital,
19
,
146
,
256
–257,
269

democratizing currency,
259
–262

and garden sharing,
239
–240

and healthcare,
240
–247

humanizing entrepreneurship,
263
–266

and letting go of ownership,
231
–234

and lodging sharing,
234
–235

and music sharing,
232

rethinking work,
266
–269

shift from exchange value to sharable value,
20

and the sustainable cornucopia,
273
–296

and toy sharing,
235

and the transformation from ownership to access,
225
–254

Social Darwinism,
63
–64

social entrepreneurship,
262
–266

Social Psychological and Personality Science,
282

solar power,
81
–86,
90
,
95
,
98
,
139
–140,
145
–148,
215
,
227
,
253
,
256
–257,
294
–295

Solow, Robert,
71

Spencer, Herbert,
63
–64

Spotify,
145

Stallman, Richard M.,
174
–176,
179
,
182
,
185

Standard Oil Company,
48
–49,
51

The Structure of Scientific Revolutions
(Kuhn),
9

suburbanization, caused by auto/rail industry,
53
–54,
210

Summers, Lawrence,
7
–9

surplus value,
41
,
62

survival of the fittest,
63
–64,
286

sustainability,
147
,
213
,
217
,
236
–237,
249
,
274
–275,
282
,
309

swadeshi,
Ghandhi’s idea of,
105
–106

Swanson, Richard,
82
,
145

Tawney, R. H.,
61

technological employment/unemployment,
7
,
122
,
266
–269

telegraph(s), impact of,
22
,
46
,
50
,
51
,
71
,
194

Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA),
206
–210

textile industry,
31
,
39
–40,
124
–125,
212

thermodynamic efficiencies,
10
–15,
70
–73,
78
,
91
,
143
–144,
186

the third Industrial Revolution.
see
Collaborative Commons

The Third Industrial Revolution
(Rifkin),
11

3D printing,
89
–108

and automobiles,
98
–99

and bioprinting body parts/organs,
246
–247

and construction of buildings,
96
–97

and customization,
91

democratizing the replicator,
93
–99

differs from conventional manufacturing,
90
–92

efficiency and productivity of,
90

and feedstock,
48
,
89
,
95
–98,
101
–102

and furniture,
96

and lunar buildings,
97

and a makers infrastructure,
99
–104

marketing of,
91

and micro infofacturing,
89
–92

and a neo-Gandhian world,
104
–108

and the Solar-Sinter,
95
–96

and Xerox,
95

ThredUP,
236
,
258

Thrun, Sebastian,
114
–115

Time,
253

time bank(s),
261

The Times of London,
44

Tie Society,
236

TIR Consulting Group,
15
,
191

Torvalds, Linus,
175

Toyota,
54
,
99
,
230

“The Tragedy of the Commons” (Hardin),
155
–158

transborder park(s),
183

Treaty to Share the Genetic Commons,
167
–168

TrustCloud,
258

Twitter

becoming an online monopoly,
204
–205

and algorithm manipulation,
203

changes the concept of privacy,
76

as communication,
151
,
234
,
248
,
302

exploiting the Commons for commercial ends,
199
–200,
310

and freedom,
226

as a podium for activism,
189

referenced in news and entertainment reporting,
201
–202

revenue and market share,
201

and the WikiLeaks scandal,
203

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