Read A People's History of the United States Online

Authors: Howard Zinn

A People's History of the United States (109 page)

  • Connery, William P., 384–85, 395
  • Conot, Robert, 459
  • Constitution, 9, 10, 46, 90–91, 98–101
    passim
    , 633, 676
    • adoption of, 70, 86, 91, 96, 98–99
    • Bill of Rights, 99
    • 1st Amendment 100
    • 13th Amendment, 192, 198, 204
    • 14th Amendment, 198, 204, 260–61, 449, 526
    • 15th Amendment, 198, 449
    • 16th Amendment, 349
    • 17th Amendment, 349
    • 19th Amendment, 384
    • 22nd Amendment, 675
  • constitutions, state, 83, 110, 291
  • Continental Congress, 71, 81
  • contras, 585–87, 613
  • Conwell, Russell, 262
  • Cooke, Marvel, 404
  • Coolidge, Calvin, 387
  • Cooper, Richard, 590
  • Copeland, John, 186
  • Corbin, Margaret, 110
  • Cornbury, Lord, 48
  • Cornell, Ezra, 262
  • corporate executives, income of, 581
  • corporations, multinational, 568–69
  • Cortés, Hernando, 11–12, 14, 17, 18
  • Cott, Nancy, 111, 114, 115, 117
  • Cotton, John, 108
  • cotton, 89, 125, 129, 171, 219, 274, 283, 284, 285, 301, 301, 408, 459
  • Coulter, E. Merton, 237
  • Council for a Nuclear Weapons Freeze, 603
  • Cox, Archibald, 549
  • “Coxey's Army,” 260, 294
  • Crafts, Thomas, 75
  • Crane Stephen, 237
  • Cranston, Alan, 546
  • Crawford, James, 454–55
  • Creek Indians, 54, 55, 126, 127–28, 129, 132, 134–35, 141–43
  • Creel, George, 364, 365, 369
  • Crevecoeur, Hector St. Jean, 53–54
  • crime, 637, 665
  • Crockett, Davy, 136
  • Croly, Herbert, 350–51
  • Cuba: Castro, Fidel, 439–41, 554, 634
    • Spain and, 3, 5–7, 301, 302, 303
    • Spanish-American war and independence of, 309–13, 318, 408, 439
    • U.S. and, 297, 299, 302–03, 439, 647, 657
  • Cullen, Countee, 444
  • Curti, Merle, 383
  • Czechoslovakia, 429, 592
  • Daly, Marcus, 289
  • Darrow, Clarence, 365
  • D'Aubuisson Roberto, 590
  • Davidson, Basil, 27
  • Davis, Angela, 542
  • Davis, Benjamin 448
  • Davis, Hugh, 30
  • Dawley, Alan, 232–33
  • Day, Luke, 92, 93
  • death penalty, 574, 645
  • Debs, Eugene, 278, 279, 281, 330, 339–41, 347–48, 367–68
  • Declaration of Independence, 70–75
    passim
    , 558, 665, 674, 682
  • Degler, Carl, 85
  • Deloria, Vine, Jr., 525–26, 527
  • Denison, George, 539
  • Depew, Chauncey, 273
  • Diem, Ngo Dinh, 472, 473, 474–75
  • Dix, Dorothea, 121
  • Dole, Robert, 643
  • Dole, Sanford B., 299
  • Dole family, 300
  • Dominican Republic, 408, 592
  • Donnelly, Ignatius, 288–89
  • Dorr, Thomas, 214–16
  • Dorr's Rebellion, 215–16
  • Dos Passos, John, 374, 391
  • Douglas, William O., 435
  • Douglass, Frederick, 157–58, 180–81, 182–83, 184, 185, 187, 188, 189, 209
  • Dreiser, Theodore, 322, 383
  • Dresden, bombing of, 421
  • Drew, Charles, 415
  • Drew, Elizabeth, 595
  • Drinan, Robert, 553
  • Du Bois, W. E. B., 23, 175, 185–86, 192, 193, 210, 328–29, 348–49, 363, 448, 686
  • Dukakis, Michael, 583, 611
  • Duke, James, 254, 262
  • Dunbar, Paul Laurence, 445
  • Dunmore, Lord, 82
  • Dylan, Bob, 537, 538
  • Earth Summit (1992), 577
  • Easley, Ralph, 352, 353
  • Eastern Europe, 591–92
  • East Germany, 591
  • Eastman, Crystal, 343
  • Eastman, Max, 370–71
  • East Timor, 567, 595, 655–56
  • Eaton, John, 133, 139
  • ecological crisis, 576
  • Edelman, Marian Wright, 571, 610
  • Edelman, Peter, 649
  • Edison, Thomas, 254
  • education, 9, 21, 111, 118, 556, 574, 651
    • blacks, 89, 198, 199, 202, 208, 450, 466, 467
    • colleges, 219, 262, 263
    • public schools and high schools, 263–64
    • women, 110, 115, 118, 123, 509
  • Ehrlichman, John, 543, 544
  • Eisenhower, Dwight, 391, 435, 439, 440, 473, 474, 475, 560, 583, 643, 661
  • Elders, Jocelyn, 645
  • election of 2000, 675–77
  • Elkins, Stanley, 33–34
  • Ellsberg, Daniel, 470, 487–88, 543, 544
  • El Mozote massacre, 591
  • El Salvador, 572, 589–91, 606–07, 608, 648
  • Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 146–47, 156, 186, 221
  • Engel, George, 271
  • Engerman, Stanley, 173
  • environmental movement, 575
  • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 576, 613
  • Ethiopia: Italian invasion, 409, 410, 421
  • Ettor, Joseph, 331, 335, 336, 337
  • Evans, George Henry, 222
  • Evans, Rowland, 498
  • Everett, Edward, 146, 219
  • Evers, Medgar, 538
  • Fair Employment Practices Commission, 415
  • Fairfax, Lord, 84
  • “fairness doctrine,” 564
  • Farmer, James, 464
  • Farmers Alliance, 283–94
    passim
  • farming, 84, 197, 206
    • Depression (1930s), 392, 397
    • farmers' movements (19th century), 264, 282–95
    • grain, 253, 261, 283, 286, 287, 301
    • mechanization of, 219, 253, 283
    • Shays' Rebellion, 91–95, 98
    • tenants and rebellions (Colonial era and 18th century), 47, 62–65, 84, 85–86, 91–95, 211, 212–14
    • see also
      cotton; land; slavery; tobacco
  • farm workers, 614, 615
  • Faulkner, Harold, 350
  • Faulkner, William, 283–84
  • Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 433, 434, 462, 463–64, 489, 490, 534, 544, 554–55, 556, 645–46
  • Federalist Papers,
    96–97
  • Federal Reserve System, 651
  • Feingold, Henry, 415
  • feminist movements: 19th century, 117, 119–24
    passim
    , 184–85, 202
    • early 20th century, 342–46, 349
    • 1960s and 1970s, 504–14
    • 1980s and 1990s, 616
  • Fine, Sidney, 400
  • Firestone, Shulamith, 511, 513
  • Firestone company, 399
  • Fischer, Adolph, 271
  • Fiske, John, 82
  • Fite, Emerson, 233
  • Fitzgerald, F. Scott, 383
  • Flagler, H. M., 207
  • Fletcher, Benjamin, 48
  • Flexner, Eleanor, 115, 122, 384
  • Florida: acquisition of, 129, 685
    • election of 2000 and, 676–77
    • Seminole Indians, 127, 128, 129, 141, 143–46
  • Flynn, Elizabeth Gurley, 334, 336, 344, 347, 436
  • Fogel, Robert, 173
  • Foner, Eric, 80
  • Foner, Philip, 159, 223, 244, 303–04, 308, 309–10, 317, 328, 372, 431
  • Food Not Bombs, 617
  • Ford, Ford Madox, 374
  • Ford, Gerald, 544, 545, 546–47, 549, 550, 551, 552, 556
  • Ford, Henry, 324, 387
  • Ford Motor Company, 387, 401
  • foreign aid, 426–27, 429, 438
  • Foreman, Grant, 147–48
  • Forsberg, Randall, 603
  • Fortune, Thomas, 208–09
  • Foster, William Z., 381
  • France, 2, 9, 87, 80, 438
    • Indochina, 412, 429, 469–71, 472
    • Seven Years' War, 53, 59, 60, 61, 87
    • slavery, 28
    • World War I, 359–60, 361
    • World War II, 409, 412, 417, 424
  • Franklin, Benjamin, 44, 80, 85, 91, 107
  • Franklin, George, 560
  • Franklin, John Hope, 172
  • Frelinghuysen, Theodore, 138
  • Fremont, John C., 189
  • French and Indian War (Seven Years' War), 53, 59, 60, 61, 77, 87
  • Frick, Henry Clay, 260, 276, 277
  • Friedan, Betty, 505, 506
  • Friend, Isaac, 45
  • Fuentes, Carlos, 607
  • Fugitive Slave Act, 181, 186, 188
  • Fuller, Margaret, 120
  • Fussell, Paul, 361
  • Gage, Nicholas, 572
  • Gage, Thomas, 65
  • Galbraith, John, 386
  • Garland, Hamlin, 282–83
  • Garner, Deborah Sampson, 110
  • Garner, Lloyd, 413, 414
  • Garrison, William Lloyd, 122, 187, 190
  • The Liberator,
    157, 182, 184
  • Garvey, Marcus, 382
  • Gary, Elbert, 350
  • Gatewood, William, 318, 319
  • Gaylin, Willard, 516
  • gay movements, 616–17, 645
  • General Motors, 400
  • Genovese, Eugene, 175, 176, 177, 194
  • George, Henry, 264, 272, 273
  • Georgia, 82, 83
    • Indians, 52, 126, 127, 128, 133, 134–35, 136, 137, 139, 140–41, 146
  • German immigrants, 43, 46, 49, 160, 226, 265, 279
    • socialism, 244, 249, 268, 270, 340
  • Germany, 409
    • Spanish Civil War, 409, 421
    • World War I, 359–60, 361–62
    • World War II, 17, 407, 410, 411, 412–13, 415, 421, 424
  • Germany, East, 429
  • Gerry, Elbridge, 91
  • Gettleman, Marvin, 214
  • Giddings, Joshua, 154
  • Gilman, Charlotte Perkins, 342
  • Ginsburg, Ruth, 645
  • Giraud, Henri, 412
  • global warming, 577
  • Gold, Harry, 433–34
  • gold, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 11, 12, 18, 134, 139
  • Golden, John, 352
  • Goldman, Emma, 272, 277–78, 321, 345, 372, 375, 503
  • Gompers, Samuel, 306, 308, 328, 352, 365, 380, 381
  • Gonzalez, Henry, 587
  • Goodman, Andrew, 456
  • Goodwyn, Lawrence, 284–85, 286, 288, 289, 290–91, 292, 293
  • Goodyear company, 400
  • Gould, Jay, 254, 255, 258
  • Gorbachev, Mikhail, 591
  • Gore, Albert, 675–77
  • Grady, Henry, 207
  • Graham, Billy, 538
  • Grant, Ulysses, 199, 204, 242
  • Grantham, Thomas, 41
  • Great Britain, 2, 9, 10, 12, 42, 183, 425, 426, 470
    • King George's War, 52
    • parliamentary government setup, 73, 74
    • private property, 16, 27, 42
    • Queen Anne's War, 52
    • Seven Years' War, 53, 59, 60, 61, 87
    • slavery, 28, 29
    • War of 1812, 127
    • World War I, 359–60, 361, 362
    • World War II, 17, 407, 410, 411, 413, 414, 417, 421, 424
    • see also
      American colonies; Revolutionary War
  • Greece, 425–27, 429, 551
  • Greek immigrants, 265
  • Greeley, Horace, 159, 190–91
  • Green, James, 340
  • Greene, Jack, 59
  • Greene, Nathanael, 83
  • Greenglass, David, 433
  • Greenspan, Alan, 651
  • Greider, William, 580, 581
  • Grenada, 588–89, 685
  • Grenville, Richard, 12
  • Grimké, Angelina, 120, 121
  • Grimké, Sarah, 120–21
  • Grover, William, 575–76
  • Groves, Leslie, 423
  • Guam, 312, 408
  • Guatemala, 439, 586, 648
  • Guinier, Lani, 645
  • Gulf War, 594–600, 618–25, 652, 653–54
  • Gutman, Herbert, 173, 178, 229
  • Gwertzman, Bernard, 588–89
  • Haig, Alexander, 546, 605
  • Haig, Douglas, 360–61
  • Haiti, 303, 408
  • Haldeman, Robert, 543
  • Hall, Bolton, 307, 308
  • Haligren, Mauritz, 389–90
  • Hamby, Alonzo, 428
  • Hamer, Fannie Lou, 505
  • Hamilton, Alexander, 77, 95–96, 97, 98, 101, 219, 417
  • Hamilton, Richard F., 492
  • Hammond, James, 174
  • Hampton, Fred, 463, 555
  • Hancock, John, 85
  • Haney, Evan, 531
  • Hanna, Mar, 351
  • Harburg, Yip, 390–91
  • Harding, Warren, 368, 384
  • Harlan, Jobe, 204, 205
  • Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins, 202
  • Harriman, Averell, 414
  • Harriman, E. H., 351
  • Harris, Joel Chandler, 208
  • Harris, Patricia, 566
  • Harrison, Benjamin, 259, 260
  • Harrison, William Henry, 126, 132
  • Harte, Bret, 265
  • Havel, Vaclav, 592
  • Hawaii, interest in and annexation of, 297, 299, 300, 302, 306, 312, 408
  • Hay, John, 309
  • Hayes, Rutherford, 205, 246, 258
  • Hays, Samuel, 353
  • Haymarket affair, 272, 321
  • Haywood, Big Bill, 330, 335, 336, 337–38, 340, 341, 373
  • Headley, Joel Tyler, 236
  • health and safety, 111, 117, 118–19, 662, 663
    • in business and industry, 230, 239, 241, 242, 246, 254, 255, 256, 278, 325, 326, 327, 338–39, 346
    • disease and epidemics, 40, 218, 221, 240
    • Indians, 16, 87
    • insurance and compensation, 349, 352–53, 651, 664
    • and nuclear development, 441
    • railroads, 245–46, 255, 256, 278
  • health care coverage, 611, 612
  • health degradation, 638
  • Hearst, William Randolph, 294, 390
  • Heller, Joseph, 418
  • Helms, Richard, 548
  • Hemingway, Ernest, 374
  • Henretta, James, 57
  • Henry, Patrick, 68–69, 126
  • Herndon, Angelo, 447
  • Hersh, Seymour, 479, 573
  • Hertsgaard, Mark, 591, 594
  • Hiatt, Howard, 603
  • Hill, Anita, 574
  • Hill, Christopher, 74
  • Hill, James J., 351
  • Hill, Joe, 334–35
  • Hiroshima, bombing of, 9, 17, 422
  • Hispaniola, 3, 4, 7, 32, 685
  • Hitchcock, Ethan Allen, 149, 150, 151, 166
  • Hitler, Adolf 407, 409, 410, 415
  • Ho Chi Minh, 469, 470, 472
  • Hoerder, Dirk, 66, 67
  • Hoffman, Abbie, 613
  • Hoffman, Ronald, 82, 83
  • Hofstadter, Richard, 57, 187, 189, 192, 351, 361, 362, 563
  • Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 366, 368
  • Homestead strike, 276–77, 294, 321
  • Honduras, 585
  • Hoover, Herbert, 387, 392, 563
  • Hopi Indians, 19, 529–30
  • Hopkins, Harry, 414
  • Horwitz, Morton, 239, 239–40
  • House of Representatives, election of, 96

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