Decoding the IRA (58 page)

194
CS to MA, 15 April 1925, in MTUCDA P69/37 (221–3).

195
Tarpey,
The Role of Joseph McGarrity
, p. 221.

196
An Timthire to [no name], 18 May 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (34).

197
Unsigned to An Timthire, 25 November 1923 [1926], in MTUCDA P69/183 (171).

198
Unsigned to Jones, 7 December 1926, in MTUCDA P69/183 (163–4); though this letter is unsigned there is considerable evidence that it was written by Andy Cooney rather than Moss Twomey. Firstly, Twomey was still imprisoned. Secondly, the
writer states that he had ‘just' met the Soviet agent ‘James' in London and Cooney had met with ‘James' less than two weeks earlier – see: unsigned to ‘A Chara Dhil', 25 November 1926, in MTUCDA P69/47 (52). Third, the author refers to his ‘leaving' the US, and Cooney had returned to Ireland in the autumn of 1926, whereas Twomey hadn't recently been in the US, if ever.

199
An Timthire to [no name], 21 December 1926, in MTUCDA P69/183 (159–60); most likely from Connie Neenan rather than ‘Mr Jones'; Neenan accepted the position of An Timthire on 2 December.

200
JB to Mr Browne, 21 October 1926, in MTUCDA P69/183 (183); chairman to An Timthire, 3 June 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (3–4).

201
Unsigned to Jones, 7 December 1926, in MTUCDA P69/183 (163–4).

202
MD to Mr Brown, 15 January 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (132–3).

203
Unsigned to Mr Jones, 14 December 1926, in MTUCDA P69/183 (161–2); An Timthire to [no name], 10 May 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (29–30).

204
An Timthire to [no name], 1 February 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (129–31).

205
Chairman to [no name], 2 March 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (88–9).

206
Instead of ‘except' the actual decryption is ‘expect' which I have taken to be an error by the document's author; unsigned to Mr Jones, 18 March 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (82–3).

207
Chairman to An Timthire, 29 April 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (58–9); chairman to An Timthire, 8 April, in MTUCDA P69/183 (74–5).

208
Chairman to An Timthire, 11 May 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (41–3).

209
An Timthire to [no name], 10 May 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (29–30); O'Connor's title is given as both ‘Miss' and ‘Mrs'.

210
An Timthire to Mr Smith, 20 April 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (48–51).

211
Chairman to An Timthire, 11 May 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (41–3).

212
An Timthire to [no name], 18 May 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (34).

213
Chairman to An Timthire, 3 June 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (3–4).

214
Tarpey,
The Role of Joseph McGarrity
, p. 243.

215
Ibid
., p. 246.

216
Chairman of Army Council to An Timthire, 8 April 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (74–75).

217
Unsigned to Mr Browne, 26 December 1926, in MTUCDA P69/183 (156); unsigned to Jones, 7 December 1926, in MTUCDA P69/183 (163–4).

218
An Timthire to [no name], 21 December 1926, in MTUCDA P69/183 (159–60).

219
An Timthire quoted in a document captured from the IRA courier, Patrick Garland, and published in the Irish papers;
Irish Times
, 1 May 1926.

220
Chairman of Army Council to An Timthire, 8 April 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (74–5).

221
Unsigned to George [Gilmore], 2 May 1927, in MTUCDA P69/48 (75).

222
MD to Mr Brown, 15 January 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (132–3).

223
Ambrose, J.,
Dan Breen and the IRA
(Mercier Press, Cork, 2007).

224
Miss Annie O'Mahoney's address was given as: 431 W. 24th Street, New York; An Timthire to [no name], 28 February 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (98–99).
Irish Times
, 1 May 1926.

225
An Phoblacht
, 10 December 1926;
The Advocate
, 23 April 1927.

226
CS to military attache, 15 April 1925, in MTUCDA P69/37 (221–3).

227
Tarpey,
The Role of Joseph McGarrity
, p. 213.

228
Hanley,
The IRA: 1926–1936
, p. 164.

229
Chairman to An Timthire, 2 March 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (88–9).

230
An Timthire to [no name], 1 February 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (129–31).

231
MD to Mr Brown, 15 January 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (132–3).

232
Chairman to An Timthire, 3 February 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (123–5).

233
An Timthire to [no name], 1 February 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (129–31).

234
An Timthire to [no name], 18 March 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (80).

235
Chairman to An Timthire, 24 February 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (106–7); chairman to An Timthire, 20 May 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (32).

236
Chairman to An Timthire, 3 June 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (6).

237
Hanley, ‘Irish Republicans in interwar New York', p. 3.

238
Coleman, M., ‘The Irish Hospitals Sweepstake in the United States of America, 1930–39',
HIS
, Vol. xxxv, No. 138 (November 2006), pp. 220–37.

239
Twomey to Neenan, 3 March 1933, in MTUCDA P69/185 (78–9).

240
FBI file on IRA, no date, referred to the bombing dated 28 May 1939, file number 61–555.

241
Tarpey,
The Role of Joseph McGarrity
, p. 339.

242
Ibid
., pp. 330–40

C
HAPTER
8: T
HE
S
OVIET
U
NION
AND
C
HINA

1
I use the terms ‘Russia' and ‘Soviet' interchangeably, as the Soviet Union was in reality the Russian Empire in another guise. The independence of the constituent republics of the USSR was largely fictitious and control was centralised in Moscow.

2
Leonard, R.,
Secret Soldiers of the Revolution: Soviet Military Intelligence 1918–1931
(Greenwood Press, Westport, Connecticut, 1999), pp. 171–2.

3
Ibid
., pp. 86–7.

4
O'Connor, E.,
Reds and the Green: Ireland, Russia and the Communist Internationals
1919–43
(UCD Press, Dublin, 2004), pp. 6–7.

5
In 1941 the RU was renamed the more familiar GRU; Leonard,
Secret Soldiers of the
Revolution
, p. 17.

6
Leonard,
Secret Soldiers of the Revolution
, pp. XII–XIII.

7
Ibid
., pp. 57, 71.

8
Tucker, J.,
War of Nerves: Chemical Warfare from World War 1 to Al-Quaeda
(Pantheon Books, New York, 2006), p. 20.

9
Conversation in 2007 with Jeffrey Smart, Chief Historian, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland.

10
O'Connor,
Reds and the Green
, p. 15.

11
Ibid
., pp. 2–3.

12
Ibid
., p. 89.

13
Ibid
., pp. 93, 127; MacEoin, U.,
The IRA in the Twilight Years, 1923–1948
(Argenta Publications, Dublin, 1997), pp. 116–17.

14
An Phoblacht
, 22 January 1926; O'Connor,
Reds and the Green
, pp. 128, 170.

15
O'Connor,
Reds and the Green
, pp. 165, 187–8.

16
Ibid
., pp. 45, 47.

17
Ibid
., p. 1.

18
Ibid
., p. 74.

19
CS to military attaché, 15 April 1925, in MTUCDA P69/37 (221–3).

20
O'Connor,
Reds and the Green
, p. 112.

21
I am very grateful to Emmet O'Connor for sending me a copy of Krivitsky's M.I.5 file; CAB 126/250 from the National Archives, Kew.

22
S to MD, 30 September 1925, in MTUCDA P69/208 (7).

23
Unsigned to Jones, December 1926, in MTUCDA P69/183 (163–4).

24
Unsigned to Mr Jones, 18 March 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (82–3).

25
I am very grateful to Emmet O'Connor for sending me a copy of Krivitsky's M.I.5 file; CAB 126/250 from the National Archives, Kew.

26
S to MD, 30 September 1925, in MTUCDA P69/208 (7).

27
O'Connor,
Reds and the Green
, p. 113.

28
Chairman to Jones, 3 February 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (116–18); chairman to An Timthire, 11 May 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (41–3).

29
Unsigned to Jones, 7 December 1926, in MTUCDA P69/183 (163–4).

30
Jones to Mr Browne, 28 Feb. 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (102-104).

31
S to MD, 30 September 1925, in MTUCDA P69/208 (7).

32
An Timthire to [no name] 11 March 1926, in MTUCDA P69/183 (84–5).

33
Jones to Mr Browne, 28 February 1927 in P69/183 (102–4).

34
HS to CS, 14 May 1924 [1925], in MTUCDA P69/48 (23); notes on Beardmore engines in
Wikipedia
, ‘Avro Aldershot and Blackburn Cubaroo', 19 January 2008.

35
CS to acting adjt Cork 1, 3 May 1926, in MTUCDA P69/44 (87–8).

36
CS to HS, 28 October 1926, in MTUCDA P69/41 (31).

37
HS to CS, 1 November 1926, in MTUCDA P69/41 (30).

38
To CS from HS, 7 February 1927, in MTUCDA P69/48 (310); HS to CS, 17 February 1927, in MTUCDA P69/48 (293–4).

39
CS to HS, 14 October 1923 [1926], in MTUCDA P69/47 (76); HS to CS 17 October 1926, in MTUCDA P69/41 (32).

40
KV 2/591 National Archives, Kew.

41
HS to CS, 20 April 1927, in MTUCDA P69/48 (61).

42
MD to HS, 28 May 1927, in MTUCDA P69/48 (17).

43
HS to CS, 24 May 1924 [1927], in MTUCDA P69/48 (18).

44
KV 2/591 National Archives, Kew.

45
MD to HS, 25 April 1927, in MTUCDA P69/48 (59).

46
HS to CS, 27 April 1927, in MTUCDA P69/48 (57).

47
M to CS, 3 April 1926, in MTUCDA P69/44 (219).

48
CS to OC. Britain, 8 April 1926, in MTUCDA P69/44 (218).

49
Chairman to An Timthire, 3 June 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (3–4).

50
Chairman to Mr Jones, 11 May 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (53).

51
Chairman to An Timthire, 3 June 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (3–4).

52
JB to Brown, 26 November 1926, in MTUCDA P69/183 (168–9).

53
Chairman to Jones, 3 February 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (116–18).

54
James to ‘Dear Friend', 12 August 1926, in MTUCDA P69/181 (16–17).

55
Ambrose to CS and DI, 9 October 1926, in MTUCDA P69/41 (264).

56
Leonard,
Secret Soldiers of the Revolution
, p. 113.

57
OC. Britain to CS, 27 April 1926, in MTUCDA P69/44 (78).

58
To the Director from James, 28 July 1926, in MTUCDA P69/181 (19); to ‘Dear Friend' from James, 12 August 1926, in MTUCDA P69/181 (16–17).

59
HS to CS or Chairman, 17 November 1926, in MTUCDA P69/41 (27).

60
HS to CS or Chairman, 17 November 1926, in MTUCDA P69/41 (27).

61
CS to HS, 8 December 1926, in MTUCDA P69/47 (10–11); unsigned to Mr Jones, 7 December 1926, in MTUCDA P69/183 (163–4); unsigned to ‘A Chara Dhil', 25 November 1926, in MTUCDA P69/47 (52).

62
CS to HS, 8 December 1926, in MTUCDA P69/47 (10–11).

63
Unsigned to Mr Browne, 26 December 1926, in MTUCDA P69/183 (156).

64
HS to CS or CAC, 9 December 1926, in MTUCDA P69/47 (24).

65
Chairman to Mr Jones, 3 Feb 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (116–18).

66
O'Connor,
Reds and the Green
, p. 122–123.

67
To Mr Jones from Chairman, 3 February 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (116–18).

68
Unsigned to Mr Jones, 18 March 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (82–3).

69
O'Connor,
Reds and the Green
, p. 129.

70
Ibid
., p. 142.

71
Unsigned to Mr Jones, 18 March 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (82–3).

72
Chairman to Mr Jones, An Timthire 14 April 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (61–2).

73
HS to CS, 25 March 1924 [1927], in MTUCDA P69/48 (188).

74
Chairman to Mr Jones, An Timthire 14 April 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (61–2).

75
Chairman to An Timthire, 6 May 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (56).

76
HS to CS, 27 April 1924 [1927].

77
Chairman to Mr Jones, An Timthire 14 April 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (61–2).

78
Chairman to George, 25 April 1927, in MTUCDA P69/48 (60).

79
HS to CS, 6 May 1927, in MTUCDA P69/48 (27).

80
Chairman to An Timthire, 11 May 1927, in MTUCDA P69/183 (41–3).

81
MD to HS, 19 May 1927, in MTUCDA P69/48 (19).

82
HS to CS, 27 May 1927, in MTUCDA P69/48 (16).

83
Chairman to An Timthire, 3 June 1927 P69/183 (3–4).

84
Unsigned to HS, 31 May 1924 [1927], in MTUCDA P69/48 (13); HS to CS, 26 May 1927, in MTUCDA P69/48 (11 and 14); George wrote that he needed £40 to £50 after he made the purchases for ‘James'.

85
Leonard,
Secret Soldiers of the Revolution
, pp. 74–7.
New York Times
, 13 May 1927.

86
HS to CS, 16 Mayy 1924 [1927], in MTUCDA P69/48 (22).

87
MD to HS, 18 May 1927, in MTUCDA P69/48 (21).

88
HS to MD, 20 June 1924 [1927], in MTUCDA P69/48 (2).

89
HS to ‘Dear Sir', 27 September 1924 [1927], in MTUCDA P69/150 (26).