Fifties (137 page)

Read Fifties Online

Authors: David Halberstam

Section on James Dean:

479
IN A BOOK THAT WAS IN NO SMALL PART:
Schickel,
Brando,
p. 1.

479
DEAN “WAS SO ADORING:
Kazan,
A Life,
p. 538.

479
ON OCCASION DEAN SIGNED:
Dalton,
James Dean, The Mutant King,
p. 159

479
DEAN WAS, WROTE STEVEN VINEBERG:
Vineberg, p. 187.

480
DICK SCHICKEL NOTED THE ADVANTAGES:
Schickel, p. 11.

481
DEAN ANSWERED THAT IT CAME:
Dalton, p. 248.

481
HIS TALENT, ESPECIALLY HIS ABILITY:
Dalton, p. 92.

482
“THEY’RE LIKE FIGHTERS:
Dalton, p. 153.

482
“HE WAS SHOWING OFF:
Kazan, p. 534.

482
“THERE WAS NO POINT IN TRYING:
Dalton, p. 162.

482
THEN, PLAYING ALONG WITH:
Dalton, p. 154.

482
THE TECHNICIANS WORKING ON THE SET:
Kazan, p. 535.

483
THAT DELIGHTED KAZAN:
Kazan, p. 535.

483
“MUST I ALWAYS BE MISERABLE:
Dalton, p. 159.

483
THAT PLEASED KAZAN:
Kazan, p. 537.

483
“HE’D SHOW ME THE GODDAMN:
Dalton, p. 194.

484
ON THE SET OF
GIANT:
Dalton, p. 238.

484
DEAN IS, ONCE AGAIN:
Dalton, p. 238.

484
IN TRUTH HE WAS NOT FOND:
Kazan, pp. 538–39.

485
SUDDENLY
ALIENATION
WAS A WORD:
Schickel, p. 6

CHAPTER THIRTY-TWO

486
BY ROUGH ESTIMATES,
49.3
MILLION:
Cray,
Chrome Colossus
p. 362.

487
ZORA ARKUS-DUNTOV, A TOP GM DESIGNER:
interview with David. E. Davis.

488
INSTEAD HE TURNED TO HIS AIDE:
interview with Al Rothenberg.

489
AS THEY WERE HEADING BACK:
interview with Tony de Lorenzo.

490
HEADING THE CORPORATION AFTER HEADING:
interview with Tom Adams.

490
IN ADDITION THE STYLING OF THE CAR:
Cray, p. 363.

493
COLE’S MOTTO, A FRIEND NOTED:
Lamm,
Chevrolet 1955,
p. 6.

493
HE SCOURED THE COMPANY:
Lamm, p. 10.

493
ALMOST EVERYTHING ABOUT THE
1955
:
Lamm, p. 6.

493
IT WAS, CLARE MACKICHAN:
Lamm, p. 30

493
“HELL, I WOULDN’T WANT TO MAKE:
Lamm, p. 29.

494
“IT SURE AS HELL IS:
interview with David Cole.

494
“HE WANTED THE AVERAGE GUY:
Lamm, p. 39.

494
OR AS HARLEY EARL SAID TO HARLOW:
Lamm, p. 29.

494
THAT WAS WHAT THE PUBLIC WANTED:
interview with Al Rothenberg.

CHAPTER THIRTY-THREE

495
IN THE HOME IT WAS TO BE:
Hine,
Populux,
p. 15.

495
POPPY CANNON, A FOOD WRITER:
Hine, p. 24. The material on Betty Furness comes from an author interview with her.

500
[WE] DISCOVERED, SAID ROSSER:
Diamond and Bates,
The Spot,
p. 40.

500
THE SPEED WITH WHICH TELEVISION’S:
Fox,
The Mirror Makers,
p. 210.

500
“SHOW THE PRODUCT,” SAID BEN:
Fox, p. 211.

500
MANY ADVERTISERS DID THAT:
Fox, p. 211.

500
IT WAS, ROSSER REEVES SAID:
Diamond and Bates, p. 40.

500
THE ADVERTISING FIRMS THAT ADAPTED:
Fox, pp. 175, 210.

501
“WHY DON’T YOU BE ONE OF THOSE:
Fox, p. 208.

501
“ADVERTISING,” HE WROTE, “NOW COMPARES:
Potter,
People of Plenty,
p. 167.

501
STUDIES COMPARING THE HEALTH:
Fox, p. 209.

501
“I SOLD MY INTEREST:
Mayer,
Madison Avenue, USA,
p. 11.

502
BUT IN THE NEW AGE OF TELEVISION:
interview with David McCall.

502
A KIND OF MISGUIDED ETHIC:
interviews with Don Frey, Tom Adams, and Campbell Ewald.

503
“OUR SOD-BUSTING DELIVERY:
Fox, pp. 222–23, 225.

503
HIS CHILDREN BARELY SAW:
Fox, p. 224.

504
OF THE ORIGINAL ADS:
interview with David McCall.

504
THE ADS BEGAN TO TALK ABOUT:
Packard,
The Hidden Persuaders,
p. 21.

504
THERE WAS A NEW WESTERN SONG:
Packard, p. 21.

505
“CAPITALISM IS DEAD:
Packard, p. 21.

505
WINTHROP ALDRICH, THEN THE HEAD:
interview with David McCall.

505
ERNEST DICHTER, ONE OF THE FIRST:
Packard, p. 57.

506
THIS WAS, HE BELIEVED:
Packard, p. 58.

CHAPTER THIRTY-FOUR

The main sources for this chapter are author interviews with friends of Ricky Nelson, Joel Selvin’s
Ricky Nelson: Idol for a Generation, The World According to Beaver
by Irving Applebaum, and
Ladies of the Evening: Woman Characters in Prime Time
by Diana Meehan.

CHAPTER THIRTY-FIVE

521
“WITHOUT TALKING ABOUT IT MUCH:
Wilson,
The Man in the Gray Flannel Suit,
p. 3.

521
“FEW PEOPLE CONSIDERED GREENTREE:
Wilson, p. 109.

522
WHEN THE NEIGHBORS GATHERED:
Wilson, p. 109.

522
TRY FOR
$15,000,
ONE OF HIS:
Wilson, p. 4.

522
THEN SHE SIGHS:
Wilson, p. 6.

522
“WHEN YOU COME RIGHT DOWN:
Wilson, p. 7.

522
HE COULD ALSO HAVE WRITTEN:
Wilson, p. 8. The biographical material on Sloan Wilson is based on material from an interview with Wilson by the author.

526
“I HAVE NEVER KNOWN,” HE:
Press,
C. Wright Mills,
p. 13.

526
MILLS’S WORK WAS IMPORTANT:
interview with Stanley Katz.

527
WHEN IT WAS HIS TURN TO RESPOND:
Tilman,
C. Wright Mills,
p. 8.

528
ALIENATION CAME NATURALLY TO HIM:
Press, p. 13.

528
HIS PARENTS FORCED HIM TO SING:
Horowitz,
C. Wright Mills,
p. 6.

528
HE ONCE TOLD KURT WOLFF:
Horowitz, p. 84.

528
AFTER AN UNHAPPY START:
Wakefield,
New York in the Fifties,
p. 256.

529
CLARENCE AYRES, A PROFESSOR:
Tilman, p. 6.

529
IN THIS LETTER WRITTEN:
Tilman, p. 7.

529
IN MADISON, HE SEEMED TO MAKE:
Horowitz, p. 47.

529
MILLS, HE SAID, WAS “AN EXCELLENT:
Horowitz, p. 72.

530
IN MADISON HE MARRIED:
Horowitz, p. 6.

530
HE TOLD MILLS TO “STICK:
Horowitz, p. 58.

530
HE WAS TAKING POLITICS:
Horowitz, p. 62.

530
HIS ATTITUDE AS IRVING:
Horowitz, p. 66.

531
“ORGANIZE THE WORKERS:
Press, p. 50.

531
THE LIBERALISM OF THE SOCIETY:
Horowitz, p. 70.

531
“I WROTE MY WAY OUT OF THERE:
Wakefield, p. 35.

531
“MILLS,” WROTE HOROWITZ, “WAS CAUGHT:
Horowitz, p. 83.

531
HE WOULD LATER SAY OF
WHITE COLLAR:
Wakefield, p. 35.

531
“WE WERE BOTH CONGENITAL:
Horowitz, p. 77.

532
THEY BOTH HAD, HE NOTED:
Horowitz, p. 77.

532
HE WAS, THOUGHT WAKEFIELD:
Wakefield, p. 33.

533
AS HOROWITZ NOTED, IT HIT ON:
Horowitz, p. 244.

533
RIESEMAN THOUGHT THERE WAS:
interview with Rieseman.

533
THERE MIGHT BE, HOFSTADER:
Horowitz, p. 251.

534
BELL’S CRITICISM STUNG:
Tilman, p. 203.

534
AMERICA, HE THOUGHT, WAS:
Tilman, p. 12.

535
HE CONTINUED TO SMOKE AND DRINK:
Horowitz, p. 6.

535
“MILLS,” AS IRVING HOROWITZ:
Horowitz, p. 283.

CHAPTER THIRTY-SIX

539
SHE TOLD HIM TO GO RIGHT:
Garrow,
Bearing the Cross,
p. 12.

540
BUT IF SHE HAD NOT PLANNED:
Garrow, p. 12.

541
ONCE VIRGINIA DURR HAD TURNED:
Yeakey,
The Montgomery, Alabama Bus Boycotts, 1955–1956,
p. 275.

541
AS THE BUS DRIVER CONTINUED TO SHOUT:
Oates:
Let the Trumpet Sound: The Life of Martin Luther King, Jr.,
p. 8.

541
DID THEY BEAT YOU:
Yeakey, p. 255.

542
OH, THE WHITE FOLKS WILL KILL YOU:
Durr,
Memoir, Vol. II,
(Nov. 24, 1976); and Yeakey, p. 275.

542
IF YOU THINK YOU CAN GET:
Yeakey, p. 275.

543
WELL, I’LL TELL YOU ONE:
Raines,
My Soul is Rested,
p. 44.

543
EVEN GOD CAN’T FREE PEOPLE WHO:
Abernathy,
And the Walls Came Tumbling Down,
p. 17.

544
ATTEMPTS ON THE PART OF BLACK:
Yeakey, p. 97.

544
THERE IS GOING TO BE A SECOND DAY:
The Montgomery Advertiser,
July 10, 1954, pp. 1A–5A; and Yeakey, p. 90.

545
SHE INSISTED SHE WAS COLORED:
from transcript of
City vs. Claudette Colvin
in the circuit court of Juvenile Court and Court of Domestic Relations, Montgomery County, Alabama (March 18, 1955); and Yeakey, p. 235.

547
NOW, LET US SAY THAT WE:
King, “Speech at Holt Church”; cited in Yeakey, p. 668.

547
FIVE YEARS BEFORE THE BUS BOYCOTT:
Yeakey, p. 17.

549
I’LL KILL YOU, KILL YOU:
King, Sr.,
Daddy King,
p. 47.

549
A MAN’S ANGER GETS THE BEST OF HIM:
King, Sr., p. 47.

549
NOW, KING, YOU KNOW GOD DOESN’T LOVE:
King, Sr., p. 14.

549
WHY, REVEREND KING, YOU MUST BE FIXIN’:
King, Sr., p. 22.

550
YOU’RE JUST NOT COLLEGE MATERIAL:
King, Sr., p. 75.

550
APPARENTLY, YOU CAN START CLASSES:
King, Sr., p. 77.

551
HE WAS THE MOST PECULIAR CHILD:
Oates, p. 8.

553
THE SHACKLES OF FUNDAMENTALISM WERE:
Oates, p. 19.

553
YOU WILL NOT BE MARRYING ANY ORDINARY:
Oates, p. 45.

553
AT FIRST BAPTIST, THEY DON’T MIND THE PREACHER TALKING:
Abernathy, pp. 118–119.

553
KEEP MARTIN LUTHER KING IN THE BACKGROUND:
Oates, p. 48.

554
JOHNSON WAS AMUSED WHEN, IN THE MIDDLE:
Author interview with W. Thomas Johnson.

554
I DON’T WANT TO LOOK LIKE AN UNDERTAKER:
“Attack on the Conscience,”
Time
February 18, 1957, p. 19.

554
T
HEY PREACHED THE GOSPEL:
Abernathy, p. 114.

555
COMES THE FIRST RAINY DAY:
Oates, p. 75.

555
THE NEGROES ARE LAUGHING:
Yeakey, p. 487.

555
SHOOTIN’ MARBLES, FOR EXAMPLE:
Yeakey, p. 397.

557
AN ALMOST PERFECT CROSS BETWEEN:
Author interview with Karl Fleming.

557
HE SPOKE MORE AND MORE SCATHINGLY:
Author interviews with Robert Ingram, Ray Jenkins, Wallace Westfeldt, Karl Fleming, Wayne Greenhaw, Claude Sitton, Tom Johnson, and Harry Ashmore.

557
WE LOVE OUR CITY HERE:
Greenhaw,
Alabama on My Mind,
p. 60.

557
THE KINDEST THING THAT COULD BE SAID:
Author interviews.

559
AND YOU NEVER KNOW WHAT COLOR:
Author interview with Wallace Westfeldt.

560
I WOULDN’T TRADE MY SOUTHERN BIRTHRIGHT:
Time,
February 18, 1957, p. 19.

560
I HAVE THE FEELING:
Oates, p. 95.

560
MARTIN LUTHER, STAND UP FOR:
Oates, pp. 88–89.

560
VISION IN THE KITCHEN:
Branch,
Parting the Waters,
p. 202.

561
THEY GON’ TO KILL MY BOY:
Oates, p. 93.

561
I HAVE BEGUN THE STRUGGLE:
Oates, p. 93.

562
GET ME MY CHICKEN GUN:
Author interviews with Wayne Greenhaw and Ray Jenkins.

CHAPTER THIRTY-SEVEN

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