Heinrich Himmler : A Life (173 page)

81
. Czech,
Kalendarium
.

82
. Gottwaldt and Schulle,
‘Judendeportationen’
, 230 ff.

83
. Pohl,
Lublin
, 27.

84
. On the deportations from the individual districts see the lists in Arad,
Belzec
,383 ff.

85
. On this and on what follows see Pohl,
Lublin
, 27 f.

86
. BAB, NS 19/2655, 29 July 1941; Himmler’s letter of thanks of 13 August 1941 is also to be found here.

87
. On 28 July 1942 Himmler wrote to the head of the SS Main Office, Gottlob Berger: ‘The occupied eastern territories will become free of Jews. The Führer has laid on my shoulders the task of carrying out this very weighty order. It is a responsibility no one can relieve me of’ (IfZ, NO 626).

88
.
Dienstkalender
; Höss,
Kommandant
, 57 f. and 176 ff.

89
. Christopher R. Browning, ‘A Final Hitler Decision for the Final Solution? The RiegnerTelegram Reconsidered’,
Holocaust and Genocide Studies
, 10 (1996), 3–10; Walter Laqueur and Richard Breitman,
Der Mann, der das Schweigen brach. Wie die Welt vom Holocaust erfuhr
(Frankfurt a. M., 1986); Höss,
Kommandant
, 78.

90
. BAB, NS 19/1757, published in Longerich (ed.),
Ermordung
, 201. See also Pohl,
Lublin
, 28.

91
. See the survey by Jace Andrzej Mlynarczyk, ‘Treblinka—ein Todeslager der “Aktion Reinhard”’, in Bogdan Musial (ed.),
‘Aktion Reinhardt’. Der Völkermord an den Juden im Generalgouvernement 1941–1944
(Osnabrück, 2004), 257–81. On the construction see in addition Arad,
Belzec
, 37 ff.

92
. Pohl,
Ostgalizien
, 215, and
Lublin
, 57 ff.; Sandkühler,
‘Endlösung’
, 81 ff.

93
. BAB, NS 19/1765, note by the chief of staff in the office of the SSPF Cracow, 27 July 1942, published in Longerich (ed.),
Ermordung
, 202 ff. Mention is made here of a ‘new order’ from Krüger. On Himmler’s order of 18 May 1942 see above p.567.

94
. BAB, NS 19/2462.

1
. BAB, R 49/889, Himmler’s order of 4 June 1941.

2
. On the details see Stefan Karner, ‘Die Aussiedlungen der Slowenen in der Untersteiermark. Ein Beispiel nationalsozialistischer Volkstumspolitik’,
Österreich in Geschichte und Literatur
, 22 (1978), 154–74.

3
. A collection of the relevant orders can be found in
Der Menscheneinsatz. Grundsätze, Anordnungen und Richtlinien
, ed. Hauptabteilung I des Stabshauptamtes des Reichkommissars für die Festigung deutschen Volkstums, I. Nachtrag (Berlin, 1941), 44 ff.

4
. On the plans since 1939 see above pp. 441 ff.

5
.
Dienstkalender
; accompanying letter from Meyer to the July version of the general plan (which has not been preserved), 15 July 1941, published in Czes
ó
aw Madajczyk (ed.),
Vom Generalplan Ost zum Generalsiedlungsplan
(Munich, etc., 1994); see Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 362.

6
. Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 363 f. The RHSA plan has not survived but there is a detailed assessment of it from the Reich Ministry for the East: IfZ, NG 2325, printed in Helmut Heiber, ‘Generalplan Ost’,
Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte
, 6 (1958), 281–325, at 297 ff.

7
. BAB, R 49/157a, General Plan East, legal, economic, and territorial foundations for the construction of the east, June 1942, and also R 49/985, short version of 28 May 1942, both printed in Madajczyk (ed.),
Generalplan Ost
, doc. no. 21 und no. 23; see also Heinemann,
‘Rasse’,
368 ff.

8
. IfZ, NO 2255, Himmler to Greifelt, 12 June 1942; see Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 370.

9
. The documents and Greifelt’s accompanying letter of 23 December 1942 are published in Madajczyk (ed.),
Generalplan Ost
, doc. no. 70 und no.71. In the space of the twenty years Himmler envisaged as necessary for Germanization it was anticipated that 8 million people would be used as a ‘pool of settlers’.

10
. Letter of 12 January 1943, published in Madajczyk (ed.),
Generalplan Ost
, doc. no.72.

11
. Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 370.

12
. BAB, NS 19/4009; see Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 371.

13
. June–July issue, also published in Madajczyk (ed.),
Generalplan Ost
, doc. no.21.

14
. BAB, R 43 II/1411; see the introduction to the
Dienstkalender
, 81 f. (with incorrect signature).

15
. Further detail on the ‘racial inventory’, which was disguised as an examination for tuberculosis, is contained in Heydrich’s final report of 18 May 1942, published in
Deutsche Politik im ‘Protektorat’
, 264 ff., quotation p.272. On racial examination in the Protectorate see Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 158 ff.

16
. The person in question was Ferdinand Fischer; see Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 151.

17
. BAB, R 2/11402, Lammers to the Reich authorities, 14 November 1941. In fact Himmler made HSSPF Frank his appointee in the Protectorate but simultaneously gave instructions for Heydrich to deputize for him; see Brandes,
Tschechen
, 345.

18
. Materials relating to the general settlement plan and sent by Griefelt to Himmler on 23 December 1942 are published in Madajczyk (ed.),
Generalplan Ost
, doc. no. 70 and no.71.

19
. Address of 4 February 1942, published in
Deutsche Politik im ‘Protektorat’
, 221 ff., here 229.

20
. Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 377.

21
.
Dienstkalender
, 20 July 1941; BAB, BDC, SS-O Globocnik, Himmler’s note of 21 July 1941.

22
. In the so-called SS Team House in Lublin, later renamed the research office for housing in the east, he had at his disposal a planning office for the restructuring of the district and beyond that of the General Government in line with population policy. He had obtained authorization from Himmler to establish this setup in October 1940 in Cracow (Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 382 f.); Michael G. Esch, ‘Das SS-Mannschaftshaus in Lublin und die Forschungsstelle für Ostunterkünfte’, in Götz Aly (ed.),
Modelle für ein deutsches Europa. Ökonomie und Herrschaft im Großwirtschaftsraum
(Berlin, 1992), 206 f.

23
. USHMM, RG 15.027M, Reel 1, file 4, speech at a leaders’ conference in Lublin.

24
. Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 384 f.

25
. Ibid. 386 ff.

26
. Ibid. 398 ff.

27
. Ibid. 402.

28
.
Dienstkalender
; Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 400 ff. Information on the visit is in BAB, R 69/601, examiner Bender, EWZ-Kommission XV Zamosc, to Dongus, the head of the external office for Race and Settlement in Litzmannstadt, 20 July 1942.

29
. BAB, NS 19/1757.

30
. On the Zamosc project see the survey in Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 403 ff., the detailed account by Bruno Wasser,
Himmlers Raumplanung im Osten. Der Generalplan Ost in Polen 1940–1944
Basle, etc., 1993), esp. 133 ff., and also the document collection (including numerous German sources) by Czes
ó
aw Madajczyk,
Zamojszczyzna—Sonderlaboratorium SS. Zbiór dokumentów polskich i niemieckich z okresu okupacji hitlerowskiej
, 2 vols. (Warsaw, 1977); see also IfZ, NO 2562, general instruction no. 17C from the RFSS as Settlement Commissar concerning the settlement of an initial settlement area in the General Government, signed by Himmler, 12 November 1940.

31
. Schulte,
Zwangsarbeit
, 262 ff.

32
. Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 420 f.

33
. Ibid. 422 f. On their deployment and activities see BAB, NS 2/116, head of RuSHA, letter of 4 October and 6 November 1941.

34
. BAB, NS 19/1704 (also IfZ, NO 2703), note on the file by Berger on a meeting in the Führer headquarters on ethnic Germans; according to the
Dienstkalender
, 527, this meeting took place on 10 August 1942 or a few days later.

35
. BAB, NS 19/2837, Himmler to Koch; published in Madajczyk (ed.),
General-plan Ost
, no. 47; see also Wendy Lower,
Nazi Empire-Building and the Holocaust in Ukraine
(Chapel Hill, NC, 2005), 174.

36
. Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 448 ff.

37
. BAB, R 70 SU 35, final report of the Crimean Kommando, 31 May 1944;see Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 464 ff.

38
. Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 453 ff; Lower,
Empire-Building
, 162 ff.

39
.
Dienstkalender
, 20 October and 27 October–1 November 1942.

40
. Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 461 ff.

41
. BAB, R 49/3537, 12 September 1941; Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 312 f. Up to this point Berkelmann had been Bürckel’s deputy with respect to the latter’s responsibility for settlement matters.

42
. Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 314 ff.

43
.
Dienstkalender
, 512.

44
. BAB, NS 19/2747, Greifelt to Himmler and Himmler’s reply of 7 September 1942, also printed in Madajczyk (ed.),
Generalplan Ost
, 485 ff.

45
. BAB, NS 19/2747, transcript of a meeting between Himmler and Bürckel, signed by Himmler and undated. Brandt sent this set of minutes on 4 September to the RSHA, the Staff Main Office of the RKF, and other offices, indicating that that the agreement had been reached several days before. That was likely to have been 31 August, when Himmler met Bürckel in Wiesbaden (
Dienstkalender
).

46
. BAB, R 49/2615, note by Stier of 3 May 1943; see Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 317 ff. and 328 f.

47
. Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 319.

48
. Ludwig Nestler (ed.),
Die faschistische Okkupationspolitik in Frankreich (1940–1944)
(Berlin, 1990), no. 103 (cites the former ZStA Potsdam, film no. 10,951).

49
. Letter of 18 June 1942, published in Nestler (ed.),
Okkupationspolitik
, no.117.

50
. What is meant is the French underclass, identifiable by their use of dialect.

51
. Doc. R-114, note of 7 August 1942, in
IMT
, vol. 38, pp. 330 ff.; cf. Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 321. Contrary to Wagner’s opinion, the conference attendees took the view that the ‘displacement’ of the ‘patois’ population should be postponed to the end of the war.

52
.
Dienstkalender
; Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 322.

53
. Doc. R-114, note on the file by Hinrich of 29 August 1942, in
IMT
, vol. 38, pp. 334 ff.

54
. Heinemann,
‘Rasse’
, 322 ff.