Male Sex Work and Society (35 page)

Read Male Sex Work and Society Online

Authors: Unknown

Tags: #Psychology/Human Sexuality, #Social Science/Gay Studies, #SOC012000, #PSY016000

Jamel, J. (2011). An investigation of the incidence of client-perpetrated sexual violence against male sex workers.
International Journal of Sexual Health, 23
, 63-78.
Jersild, J. (1956).
Boy prostitution
. Copenhagen: G. E. C. Gad.
Joseph, L. J., & Black, P. (2012). Who’s the man? Fragile masculinities, consumer masculinities, and the profiles of sex work clients.
Men and Masculinities, 15
, 486-506.
Kaye, K. (2004). Male prostitution in the twentieth century.
Journal of Homosexuality, 46
, 1-77.
Kinsey, A. C., Pomeroy, W. B., & Martin, C. E. (1948).
Sexual behavior in the human male
. Philadelphia: Saunders.
Koken, J. A., Bimbi, D. S., Parsons, J. T., & Halkitis, P. N. (2004). The experience of stigma in the lives of male internet escorts.
Journal of Psychology & Human Sexuality, 16
, 13-32.
Koken, J. A., Parsons, J. T., Severino, J., & Bimbi, D. S. (2005). Exploring commercial sex encounters in an urban community sample of gay and bisexual men.
Journal of Psychology & Human Sexuality, 17
, 197-213.
Laird, L. (2011, August 4). Jobs for the boys.
Gentlemen’s Quarterly UK
. Retrieved from
http://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/comment/articles/2011-08/04/gq-living-male-es-corts-agency-becoming-an-escort
Lee, E., Mao, L., McKenzie, T., Batrouney, C., West, M., Prestage, G. et al. (2012).
Gay community period survey: Melbourne 2012
. Sydney: University of New South Wales.
Liguori, L., & Aggleton, P. (1999). Aspects of male sex work in Mexico City. In P. Aggleton (Ed.),
Men who sex: International perspectives on male prostitution and HIV/AIDS
(pp. 103-126). London: UCL Press.
Logan, T. (2010). Personal characteristics, sexual behaviours and male sex work: A quantitative approach.
American Sociological Review, 75
, 679-704.
Mariño, R., Minichiello, V., & Disogra, C. (2004). A profile of clients of male sex workers in Córdoba, Argentina.
International Journal of STD & AIDS, 15
, 266-272.
Marlowe, J. (1997). It’s different for boys. In J. Nagle (Ed.),
Whores and other feminists
(pp. 141-144). New York: Routledge.
Milrod, C., & Weitzer, R. (2012). The intimacy prism: Emotion management among the clients of escorts.
Men and Masculinities, 15
, 447-467.
Minichiello, V., Harvey, P., & Marino, R. (2008). Sexual intentions of male sex workers: An international study of escorts who advertise on the web. In G. Letherby, K. Williams, P. Birch, & M. Cain (Eds.),
Sex as crime?
London: Willan.
Minichiello, V., Mariño, R., Browne, J., Jamieson, M., Peterson, K., Reuter, B. et al. (1999). A profile of the clients of male sex workers in three Australian cities.
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 23
, 511-518.
Minichiello, V., Mariño, R., Browne, J., Jamieson, M., Peterson, K., Reuter, B. et al. (2000). Commercial sex between men: A prospective diary based study.
The Journal of Sex Research, 37
, 151-160.
Monto, M. A., & Garcia, S. (2001). Recidivism among the customers of female street prostitutes: Do intervention programs help?
Western Criminology Review, 3
.
Monto, M. A., & Hotaling, N. (2001). Predictors of rape myth acceptance among male clients of female street prostitutes.
Violence Against Women, 7
, 275-293.
Monto, M. A., & McRee, N. (2005). A comparison of the male customers of female street prostitutes with national samples of men.
International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 49
, 505-529.
Parsons, J. T., Koken, J. A., & Bimbi, D. S. (2007). Looking beyond HIV: Eliciting individual and community needs of male internet escorts.
Journal of Homosexuality, 53
, 219-240.
Pitts, M. K., Smith, A. M. A., Grierson, J., O’Brien, M., & Misson, S. (2004). Who pays for sex and why? An analysis of social and motivational factors associated with male clients of sex workers.
Archives of Sexual Behavior, 33
, 353-358.
Proulx, N., Caron, S. L., & Logue, M. E. (2006). Older women/younger men: A look at the implications of age difference in marriage.
Journal of Couple & Relationship Therapy, 5
, 43-64.
Pruitt, M. V., & Krull, A. C. (2010). Escort advertisements and male patronage of prostitutes.
Deviant Behavior, 32
, 38-63.
Ridge, D. T. (2004). “It was an incredible thrill”: The social meanings and dynamics of younger gay men’s experiences of barebacking in Melbourne.
Sexualities, 7
, 259-279.
Rissel, C. E., Richters, J., Grulich, A. E., de Visser, R. O., & Smith, A. M. A. (2003). Sex in Australia: Experiences of commercial sex in a representative sample of adults.
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 27
, 191-197.
Salamon, E. D. (1989). The homosexual escort agency: Deviance disavowal.
British Journal of Sociology, 40
, 1-21.
Sanders, T. (2008). Male sexual scripts.
Sociology, 42
, 400-417.
Scott, J. (2003). A prostitute’s progress: Male prostitution in scientific discourse.
Social Semiotics, 13
, 179-201.
Scott, J., Minichiello, V., Mariño, R., Harvey, G. P., Jamieson, M., & Browne, J. (2005). Understanding the new context of the male sex work industry.
Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 20
, 320-342.
Serughetti, G. (2013). Prostitution and clients’ responsibility.
Men and Masculinities, 16
, 35-48.
Shively, M., Jalbert, S. K., Kling, R., Rhodes, W., Finn, P., Flygare, C. et al. (2008). Final report on the evaluation of the First Offender Prostitution Program.
United States of America Justice Department
221894. Retrieved from
https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdf-files1/nij/grants/221894.pdf
Smith, D., & Seal, D. (2008). Motivational influences of the safer sex behavior of agency-based male sex workers.
Archives of Sexual Behavior, 37
, 845-853.
Soothill, K., & Sanders, T. (2005). The geographical mobility, preferences and pleasures of prolific punters: A demonstration study of the activities of prostitutes’ clients.
Sociological Research Online, 10
. Retrieved from
http://www.socresonline.org.uk/10/1/soothill.html
Vanwesenbeeck, I. (2013). Prostitution push and pull: Male and female perspectives.
Journal of Sex Research, 50
, 11-6. doi: 10.1080/00224499.2012.696285
Vanwesenbeeck, I., de Graaf, R., Van Zessen, G., & Straver, C. J. (1993). Protection styles of prostitute clients: Intentions, behavior and considerations in relation to AIDS.
Journal of Sex Education Therapy, 19
, 79-92.
Ward, H., Mercer, C. H., Wellings, K., Fenton, K., Erens, B., Copas, A. et al. (2005). Who pays for sex? An analysis of the increasing prevalence of female commercial sex contacts among men in Britain.
Sexually Transmitted Infections, 81
, 467-471.
Watson, R., & Vidal, M. (2011). “Do you see other men who do this?” Reflections upon working with men who visit commercial sex workers in a National Health Service sexual health clinic.
Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 26
(1), 61-71.
Weeks, J. (1985). Inverts, perverts and Mary-Annes: Male prostitution and the regulation of homosexuality in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In S. J. Licata & R. P. Peterson (Eds.),
The gay past: A collection of historical essays
(pp. 113-134). New York: Harrington Park Press.
Weeks, J. (1992).
Against nature: Essays on history, sexuality and identity
. London: Rivers Oram.
Weitzer, R. (2000).
Sex for sale: Prostitution, pornography, and the sex industry
. New York: Routledge.
Weitzer, R. (2005). New directions in research on prostitution.
Crime, Law & Social Change, 43
, 211-235.
Weitzer, R. (2009). Sociology of sex work.
Annual Review of Sociology, 35
, 213-234.
West, D. J., & de Villiers, B. (1993).
Male prostitution
. New York: Harrington Park Press.
White, R. R. (2012, July 18). Pay it as it lays: In the
50 Shades
era, male escort services are on the rise.
New York Observer
. Retrieved from
http://observer.com/2012/07/pay-it-as-it-lays-in-the-50-shades-era-male-escort-services-are-on-the-rise/?show=all
Wilcox, A., & Christmann, K. (2008). “Getting paid for sex is my kick”: A qualitative study of male sex workers. In G. Letherby, K. Williams, P. Birch, & M. Cain (Eds.),
Sex as crime?
London: Willan.
Wotherspoon, G. (1991).
City of the plain: History of a gay subculture
. Sydney: Hale and Iremonger.
Xantidis, L., & McCabe, M. P. (2000). Personality characteristics of male clients of female commercial sex workers in Australia.
Archives of Sexual Behavior, 29
, 165-176.
As Thomas Crofts shows in this chapter, the regulation of male sex work has been closely bound up with changing conceptions of gender and sexuality. In this respect, male sex work is not dissimilar to female sex work. However, the reasons for regulating male sex work and the targets of regulation have been quite distinct. As we show in
chapter 6
(“Clients of Male Sex Workers”), the client often has been associated with intergenerational sex between youth and older men, and homosexuality. However, there has been a recent shift in the regulation of sex work, resulting in its decriminalization in some jurisdictions. This weakening of controls and policing coincides with more liberal attitudes toward same-sex relations. Whereas there has been considerable debate over the regulation of female sex work, such debates are largely absent with regard to male sex work. Does this mean that power and control are less important in our understanding of male sex work? While there is a strong indication that many male sex workers enjoy what they do and that a career in male sex work should not be considered much different from other careers, there is also evidence that some male sex workers are vulnerable to exploitation and that there is great social diversity in the industry in terms of status and reward
.
The decriminalization of sex work has placed more demands on sex workers. As the male sex industry is decriminalized and regulated by occupational controls such as income tax reporting, we have seen not only the professionalization of services provided by sex workers but also states dictating protocols and expectations for service delivery. At an informal level, there are high expectations that sex workers will provide quality services and interact with the public in a professional manner. At a formal level, decriminalization may in time require sex workers to be certified to meet health and workplace safety requirements. Technology also has made male sex work at once more visible and more open to informal and formal controls—for example, a sex worker who offers poor services can be shut down in a matter of a few hours through bad reviews. In this way, the market itself plays a greater role in regulating opportunities for male sex workers
.

Other books

The Harbour Girl by Val Wood
James Acton 01 - The Protocol by J. Robert Kennedy
Happy Kid! by Gail Gauthier
A History of Strategy by van Creveld, Martin
Captive Travelers by Candace Smith
The Slime Volcano by H. Badger