Male Sex Work and Society (73 page)

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Tags: #Psychology/Human Sexuality, #Social Science/Gay Studies, #SOC012000, #PSY016000

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Endnotes
 
1
      This chapter is based on five months of ethnographic research, which included 46 semi-structured interviews with physicians, social workers, health department staff, and male sex workers. Additionally, observations were conducted in charity clinics, sex worker projects, and health departments in two cities (Berlin and Frankfurt am Main). This is combined with an analysis of written reports from organizations providing assistance to male sex workers in eight major cities: Berlin, Hamburg, Frankfurt am Main, Cologne, Stuttgart, Munich, Dortmund, and Essen. A version of this chapter appeared in the journal
Social Science & Medicine, 84
(2013), 94-101.
2
      All translations from German in the text are by the author.
In Ireland, as in most Western liberal democracies, the regulatory gaze on sex work is biased in that political, policy, and moral concerns tend to focus on the experiences of female sex workers. Very little is known about the male sex worker population, especially in a heteronormative culture like Ireland’s—North and South—where the church, Catholic and Protestant, has played a fundamental role in shaping societal and political attitudes toward sex and sexuality. This chapter breaks new ground with its empirical analysis of male sex work in Ireland, which draws from anonymized profile data of both male and female sex workers who operate across Ireland. Data obtained from one of Ireland’s largest web-based escort sites provide insight into the scale and composition of male sex workers in terms of the age, nationality, sexual orientation, and sexual preferences of approximately 500 male sex workers and almost 5,000 female sex workers. These data reveal that the geography of male sex workers is by no means an urban phenomenon: a significant proportion of male sex workers provide services to people in rural Ireland. The male sex worker population is contrasted with the female sex worker population, also using anonymized data from the same escort agency, in order to examine the similarities and differences between the two broad segments of the sex worker market. In terms of the regulation of sex work in Ireland, male sex work is rendered virtually invisible within political and policy discourses. This is reflected in recent government reviews and political debate about sex work in both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, where the criminalization of sex work and the purchase of sex services are favored
.
 
This chapter is concerned with the geography and regulation of male sex work in Northern Ireland (NI) and the Republic of Ireland (ROI; see map). More specifically, our focus is on male sex workers (MSWs) who either live and work or “tour” (i.e., travel from other parts of the UK, European Union, and elsewhere) in various cities, towns, and counties throughout Ireland and advertise their services on the Internet. As we outline later, the majority of male, female, transsexual, and transvestite sex workers who advertise on commercial escort websites present themselves as coming from Europe and South America. There is a paucity of academic analyses of sex work in Ireland in general and even less is known about male sex workers, especially those who offer sexual services online rather than on the streets or in gay bars or clubs. There is, however, an emerging international literature on online male sex work. As Uy et al. (2004) have noted:

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