Modern Mind: An Intellectual History of the 20th Century (192 page)

matrix math, 260

May 4 movement (China), 178–9

Me generation, 599

media: ‘hot’ and ‘cool’, 547; mass, 754, 766–7; new forms of, 210–12, 218–19, 285, 547–8

Medicare (USA), 533

medicine
see
AIDS; antibiotics; antidepressants; autism; beta-blockers; blood transfusion; cancer research; cloning; contraception; cosmetic surgery; genetics; glands; hormones; immunosuppressants; leukaemia; Medicare; progesterone; psychoanalysis; psychology; restriction enzymes; Salvarsen; syphilis; therapy-religions; tranquillisers; transplants (organ); tuberculosis; venereal diseases; viruses; vitamins

‘medium is the message, the’, 546–7

mental abilities
see
Intelligence Quotient

mental illness, 491–2, 501, 626–8

Mentalités
(historical), 558, 560

meritocracy, 448–9, 698–9

messenger substances
see
hormones

metanarratives
see
postmodernism

metaphysics, 36–7, 76–7

‘Middle America’, 520–2

middlebrow: and media, 210–12, 219–20

mind: nature and function of, 492–3, 500–1

modernism: condemned by Catholic Church, 68–9; defined, 52–3; impact of, 71–2; and science, 5

molecular biology, 683–98

monetarism, 650

moon landings, 566–8

morphomatics, 749

mother tongue, 690

motivational research, 445–6

motor cars: ownership, 214

Movement poets and novelists, 464–5

music: chance in, 624; evolution of, 757; indeterminacy in, 513; and modernism, 52–9; in Vienna, 37;
see also
electronic music; pop music; serial music

myth, 461–2

narcissism, 599–601, 620

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), 112

National Intellegence Tests (USA)
see
Intelligence Quotient

National Socialism (Nazism): beginnings, 173; Hitler leads, 240; and Olympic Games (1936), 329; persecution and flight of intellectuals and scientists, 181, 302–7, 309, 350–1; persecution of Jews, 67, 243, 302, 309, 327, 352–7, 394, 435, 606; philosophical background, 234, 309; race theories, 294–7, 310–12, 315; religious opposition to, 314–15; repression of art and artists, 211–13, 300–2; rise of, 273, 294–6, 300, 304; and Stalinism, 436; and Western disarmament, 176

nationalism, 71

Nazism
see
National Socialism negation, 503

Négritude
, 460

Neo-Confucian synthesis, 71

neptunium, 397

neutron stars, 572–3

neutrons, 262, 393, 509;
see also
particle physics

New Class, 443

New Deal (USA), 341–2, 646

New Growth Theory, 649

New Journalism, 598–9

New Learning (New Culture)

Movement, 178–9

New Left, 537, 595

New Policies (China), 70

‘Niagara movement’, 111

nihilism
see
therapeutic nihilism

Noema,
32

Noesis
, 32

Nomenklatura
(Soviet Russia), 318

noncommunicative geometry, 745

Novembergruppe,
222, 231

nuclear energy, 365, 394, 396;
see also

atomic bomb

nucleic acid: and amplification, 617

nucleosynthesis, 508

nucleus (atomic), 93;
see also
particle physics

nylon, 343–4

oceanography, 553–4

Oedipus complex, 13–14

oestrogen, 428

oil price crisis (1973–4), 583, 589, 647–8, 655, 680

Old Growth Theory, 649

opinion polls, 432

other-directed societies, 433, 442, 446, 650

ozone layer, 586

palaeontology, 370–2, 484–7, 586–7, 612–14, 675, 686–90

Pan-Germanism, 241, 243

papal encyclicals
see
Index of Names, People and Places under Popes John XXIII; Pius X and Pius XII

parallel universes (cosmology), 742, 755

parallel worlds (psychology), 203

paramedics, 647

particle physics, 20–1, 90–2, 134, 256–64. 393–5, 508–9, 569–70, 744–5

particulate inheritance, 115

penicillin, 367–8

pessimism, 38, 39

pesticides, 582–3

Ph.D. (degree), 74

phenomenology, 31

philosophy: continental and analytic, 75, 766; and forms of knowledge, 668–71, 676–9; and objectivity/subjectivity divide, 673–4; and problem-solving, 492–3; and science, 235–6

photography, 167–8

physics
see
particle physics; quantum

physics; theoretical physics

pill, the (contraceptive), 429

Planck length, 740

Planck’s constant, 22

planned society, 376, 378–9, 382, 388, 646–8;
see also
welfare state

plasmids, 615

plastic, 96–8, 343–4, 635

plutonium, 397

pollution
see
ecology

polyesters, 343–4

pop art, 510–12, 515

pop music, 456–7, 477

pornography, 529

Port Huron Statement (1962), 595

Post-Impressionism, 58, 127

postindustrial society, 592–3

postmodernism, 7, 679–81, 706, 715, 729, 734, 753, 769

poststructuralism, 634–5

potassium-argon method (dating), 487

poverty, 286–9, 383–5, 441, 520–1, 646, 651, 653–4, 698

pragmatism, 75–7, 89, 90, 679

prehistoric art, 369–70

‘preparation 606’
see
Salvarsen

primal therapy, 598–9

privatisation (of utilities and businesses), 648

progesterone, 428

progress: decline in belief in, 245–6, 254, 453, 603, 631, 670, 673; end of, 7, 754–5

Prohibition (USA), 215

propaganda: political, 328

Protestantism, 46–7, 602

protons, 257, 261–3, 509;
see also

particle physics

psychedelic revolution, 597

psychiatry: misused in Russia, 540–1;
see also
anti-depressants, tranquilisers; radical pyschiatry; schizophrenia

psychoanalysis: and association tests, 139; connection with Marxism, 225, 437, 752; criticisms and reevaluations of, 493–5, 498, 664–6, 758–60, 766–7; and direct analysis, 663–4; effect of Great War on, 150–2; effect on literary works, 135–7, 196, 202, 758; Freud-Jung division in, 135, 139–42, 274; international spread of, 138; interpretation of civilisation and society, 273–5; Nazi view of, 306–7; and neuroses, 275–6; and personal emancipation, 633; resurgence in France, 625–8, 752; in Strauss’s operas, 55; Trilling supports, 452; in USA, 505–6; in Vienna, 13–15

psychology: inferior to fiction as teacher, 755; and phenomenology, 31–2;
see also
counter-culture; therapy-religions; schizophrenia

pulsars, 572–3

punctuated equilibrium, 696

Puritanism, 47

quantum chromodynamics (QCD), 743

quantum physics, 23, 37, 61, 93–5, 257–60, 755; and string theory, 744–5

quantum electro-dynamics (QED), 508

quarks, 509, 569, 573, 667, 743

quasars, 572–3

R & B music
see
rhythm and blues

race theory: in Africa, 526–7; and assumption of white superiority, 40–4, 277; and culture levels, 451; and ‘degeneration’, 38, 43; and evolution, 578; in Germany, 240–3, 294–6, 310–12, 315, 395; growth of, 71; and human migration, 752; immigration control in Britain, 536; and intelligence, 206; and teaching of Third World cultures, 730–1; and US ethnic minorities and immigrants, 108–12, 116–18, 124, 148–50, 198, 206, 217, 282–4, 390–1, 522–3, 526, 528, 654–5; Weininger’s, 33;
see also
anti-Semitism; US minorities, racial

radar, 365–6

radiation, cosmic, 569–72

radical psychiatry, 502

radio, 210–11, 218–20

radioactivity, 91, 134, 262–3, 393

radiocarbon dating, 487, 563, 565

rebirthing, 598

recessive traits (genetics), 19

red giants, 573

redshift, 265–6

refugees: from Nazi Germany, 181, 302–9, 350–7, 505

reinforced concrete, 82

relativity: and Eddington’s astronomical experiments, 183–5; general theory of, 133, 181, 264; Mach and, 37; special theory of, 61, 93–6, 132; and string theory, 744

relict radiation, 570

religion: and alternative life-styles, 598–602; and challenge of science, 289–91, 765; and church-going, 603–4; and community, 314; and magical practices, 602–3; non-Western, 761–3;
see also
Christianity; Jews; and individual theologians in Index of Names, People and Places

REM sleep, 494

reportage, 285

repression, 13

restriction enzymes, 614–15

rhythm and blues (R & B) music, 457, 477

rocket propulsion, 365, 482–3, 736;
see also
space travel

rock‘n’roll music, 457–8

sacrifice (religious), 249

Salvarsen (‘preparation 606’), 106, 113, 367

satellites (orbital), 481–4;
Echo,
569

schizophrenia, 502–3, 541

science: and cross-over culture, 769; as ‘culture’, 467–70; intuition and tradition in, 471–2; link to science, 754–5;
see also
individual sciences and fields of study scientism, 66

seafloor spreading, 553

Secession, 59, 64; Viennese, 35

self-organisation, 746

self-religions, 598–9

semicircular canals (inner ear), 36

semiconductors, 477

semiology, 635–6

semiotics (semiosis), 347

serial music (serialism), 230, 414, 513, 624

sex: education, 214; in literature, 429–30; origins of, 685, 695; religious attitudes to, 604; theories and studies of, 33–4, 278–80, 423–7, 529;
see also
pornography

sharashki
(Soviet camps), 316, 482, 542

shell shock, 151

Silva Mind Control, 598

singularity
see
‘Big Bang’ theory

‘Situs’, 593

skyscrapers, 80–2, 89, 223

smoking (tobacco), 582, 658, 661

Social Darwinism
see
Darwinism, Social