Authors: Rosemary Sullivan
11
. Ibid.
12
. Ironically, the source of this anecdote is the FBI. “Anecdote about Svetlana and Synyavsky at Gorky Inst. In bio of Sinyavsky by Alfreda Aucouturier,” FBI file 105-163639-A.
13
. Meryle Secrest Interview with Svetlana Alliluyeva, audio recordng, group 1, tape 13. HIA.
14
. Sheila Fitzpatrick,
A Spy in the Archives: A Memoir of Cold War Russia
(London: I. B. Tauris, 2013), 39–40.
15
. Galina Belaya, “Ia rodom iz shestidesiatykh” [“I Am from the Sixties”],
Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie
70 (June 2004): 216.
16
. Alliluyeva,
Only One Year
, 166.
17
. Boris Runin,
“Moie okruzhenie
,
” Zapiski sluchaino utselevshego
[“My Milieu,” Notes by the One Who Accidentally Survived] (Moscow: Vozvrashchenie, 2010), 224–25. See also Miklós Kun,
Stalin: An Unknown Portrait
(Budapest: CEU Press, 2003), 417.
18
. Gribanov, “And Memory as Snow Keeps Drifting,” 161.
19
. Alliluyev,
Chronicle of One Family
, 68–69.
20
. Richardson,
Long Shadow
, 259.
21
. Mikoyan,
Memoirs of Military Test-Flying
, 146.
22
. Gribanov, “And Memory as Snow Keeps Drifting,” 157.
23
. Author’s interview with Stepan Mikoyan, Moscow, May 24, 2013.
24
. Gribanov, “And Memory as Snow Keeps Drifting,” 157–58.
25
. Vladislav Zubok,
Zhivago’s Children: The Last Russian Intelligentsia
(Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University, 2009), 327.
26
. Gribanov, “And Memory as Snow Keeps Drifting,” 159.
27
. Ibid., 160.
28
. Ibid., 161.
29
. Ibid., 158.
30
. David Samoilov,
Podennye zapisi
(Daily Notes), 2 vols. (Moscow: Vremia, 2002), vol. 1, 300, entry for Nov. 17, 1960.
31
. Ibid., vol. 2, p. 30, entry for Mar. 24, 1967.
CHAPTER 13: POST-THAW
1
. Ronald Hingley,
Pasternak: A Biography
(New York: Knopf, 1983), 237, 241.
2
. Alliluyeva,
Only One Year
, 293.
3
. Ibid., 295.
4
. Author’s interview with Alexander Ushakov, Moscow, June 4, 2013.
5
. Maria Rozanova, “Vdova znamenitogo pisatelia i dissidenta Sinyavskogo Mariia Rozanova: ‘Alliluyeva mne skazala, “Masha, vy uveli Andreiia u zheny, a seichas ia uvozhu ego ot vas” ‘ “ (“The Widow of the Famous Writer and Dissident Andrei Sinyavsky, Maria Rozanova: ‘Alliluyeva told me, “Masha, you took Andrei from his wife. Now I take him away from you.” ‘ “),
Bul’var Gordona
, no. 40 (232) (Oct. 6, 2009): 12–14. This story became common currency at the Gorky Institute. Interview with Alexander Ushakov, Moscow, June 4, 2013.
6
. Interview with Chrese Evans, Portland, OR, Feb. 27, 2013.
7
. Letter to Malcolm Muggeridge, Mar. 9, 1970, Muggeridge Papers, Special Collections, Wheaton College, Illinois WCSC.
8
. Alliluyeva,
Twenty Letters
, 219–21.
9
. Ibid., 80. See also Kun,
Stalin: An Unknown Portrait
, 416–17.
10
. Meryle Secrest interview with Svetlana Alliluyeva, audio recording, group 1, tape 14, HIA.
11
. Biagi,
Svetlana: The Inside Story
, 122.
12
. Though Svetlana never referred to this marriage, her cousin Leonid remembers that it took place in a church in 1962. Interview with Leonid Alliluyev, Moscow, May 17, 2013. Boris Gribanov remembered Svetlana introducing him to her new husband at the funeral of Ashkhen Lazarevna Mikoyan, on November 5, 1962. Gribanov, “And Memory as Snow Keeps Drifting,” 161. A divorce announcement eventually appeared in
Vechernaya Moskva.
“Svanidze, Ivan Aleksandrovich [Dobrolyubov Street 35, apartment 11] filed for divorce against Alliluyeva, Svetlana Josifovna [Serafimovich Street 2, Apartment 179]. The case will be considered by the Timiryazev District People’s Court.” See Kun,
Stalin: An Unknown Portrait
, 417.
13
. His sentence was commuted in 1965 after international protests, and he was permitted to emigrate from the country.
14
. Lily Golden,
My Long Journey Home
(Chicago: Third World Press, 2002), 149.
15
. Yelena Khanga, with Susan Jacoby,
Soul to Soul: The Story of a Black Russian American Family 1865–1992
(New York: Norton, 1992), 49.
16
. Golden,
Long Journey Home
, 149.
17
. Ibid., 149–50.
18
. Khanga,
Soul to Soul
, 138.
19
. Golden,
Long Journey Home
, 150.
20
. Khanga,
Soul to Soul
, 138.
21
. Golden,
Long Journey Home
, 151.
22
. Alliluyeva,
Only One Year
, 238.
23
. Ibid., 101.
24
. “Myths,”
Live with Mikhail Zelensky
(television), comments of Olga Rifkina.
25
. Meryle Secrest interview with Svetlana Alliluyeva, audio recording, group 1, tape 12. HIA.
26
. Alliluyeva,
Twenty Letters
, 92–94.
27
. Ibid., 235.
28
. Ibid., 119–20.
CHAPTER 14: THE GENTLE BRAHMAN
1
. Terry Morris, “Svetlana: A Love Story,”
McCall’s
, July 1967, 143.
2
. Alliluyeva,
Only One Year
, 21.
3
. Comment by Frances Sedgwik, a Canadian foreign exchange student at the International School who ended up in the Kuntsevo hospital in 1963 at the same time as Svetlana. Author’s interview with Frances Sedgwik, Toronto, Nov. 13, 2013.
4
. Alliluyeva,
Only One Year
, 27.
5
. Ibid., 31.
6
. Biagi,
Svetlana: The Inside Story
, 110.
7
. Morris, “Svetlana: A Love Story,” 143.
8
. Alliluyev,
Chronicle of One Family
, 69.
9
. Alliluyeva,
Only One Year
, 180.
10
. Ibid., 37.
11
. Mikoyan,
Memoirs of Military Test-Flying
, 146.
12
. Alliluyeva,
Only One Year
, 41–42.
13
. Vladimir V. Kara-Murza, writer and producer,
They Chose Freedom: Dissident Movement from 1950s to 1991
, documentary film, 2013, comments of Alexander Yesenin-Volpin.
14
. Max Hayward, ed.,
On Trial: The Soviet State Versus “Abram Tertz” and “Nikolai Arzhak”
(New York: Harper & Row, 1966), 41–42. Though his supporters thought he would be given amnesty, Sinyavsky served almost his full sentence and was released in 1971; he was allowed to immigrate to Paris in 1973.
15
. Alliluyeva,
Only One Year
, 39–40.
16
. Author’s interview with Alexander Ushakov, Moscow, June 4, 2013.
17
. Alliluyeva,
Only One Year
, 177–78. Galina Belaya, in her article “I Am from the Sixties” (
Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie
, 70), confirms that staff members at the Gorky Institute were forced to sign an open letter denouncing Sinyavsky. She claims to have refused to sign the letter.
18
. Martin Ebon,
Svetlana: The Incredible Story of Stalin’s Daughter
(New York: Signet, 1967), 138.
19
. The United Arab Republic was a short-lived merger between Syria and Egypt that lasted from 1958 to 1961, though Egypt continued to be officially known as the “United Arab Republic” until 1971.
20
. Alliluyeva,
Only One Year
, 43.
21
. Ibid., 48.
22
. Meryle Secrest interview with Svetlana Alliluyeva, audio recording, group 2, tape 17, HIA.
23
. Mikoyan,
Memoirs of Military Test-Flying
, 147.
24
. Svetlana Alliluyeva letter to Suresh Singh, reprinted in Morris, “Svetlana: A Love Story,” 74.
25
. Alliluyeva,
Only One Year
, 54.
26
. Biagi,
Svetlana: The Inside Story
, 114.
27
. Ibid., 114.
CHAPTER 15: ON THE BANKS OF THE GANGES
1
. Morris, “Svetlana: A Love Story,” 143.
2
. Ebon,
Svetlana: The Incredible Story
, 12; Hudson,
Svetlana Alliluyeva: Flight to Freedom
, 78; and Alliluyeva,
Only One Year
, 62.
3
. Alliluyeva,
Only One Year
, 72.
4
. Ibid., 81.
5
. Morris, “Svetlana: A Love Story,” 143.
6
. Alliluyeva,
Only One Year
, 99.
7
. Chester Bowles,
Ambassador’s Report
(New York: Harper & Bros., 1954), 74.
8
. Alliluyeva,
Only One Year
, 111.
9
. Ibid., 119.
10
. Ibid.
11
. Ibid., 140.
12
. Morris, “Svetlana: A Love Story,” 146; and Alliluyeva,
Only One Year
, 189.
13
. Morris, “Svetlana: A Love Story,” 146.
14
. Marilyn Silverstone, “The Suburbanization of Svetlana,”
Look
, Sept. 9, 1969, 56.
15
. Alliluyeva,
Only One Year
, 191.
CHAPTER 16: ITALIAN COMIC OPERA
1
. Telegram from Secretary of State Rusk to L. Thompson, American ambassador to the Soviet Union, Secret, Flash, Mar. 6, 1967, LBJL, NSF, Intelligence, Svetlana Alliluyeva, NLJ/RAC 12-91.
2
. LBJL, Recordings and Transcripts, tape F67.08, side B, PNO 3.
3
. Telegram from L. Thompson to Rusk, Mar. 7, 1967, LBJL, NSF, Intelligence, Svetlana Alliluyeva, NLJ/RAC 03-113.
4
. CIA DB, NARA, Congressional Record, March 15, 1967, S3867–68.
5
. CIA DB, NARA, AMB file, Foreign Report, Jan. 5, 1967, CIA-RDP70B00338R00030009013-1.
6
. Peter Earnest, International Spy Museum, Washington, DC, podcast, Peter Earnest in Conversation with Oleg Kalugin and Robert Rayle on Defection of Svetlana Alliluyeva, Dec. 4, 2006, www.spymuseum.org/exhibition-experiences/agent-storm/listen-to-the-audio/episode/the-litvinenko-murder-and-other-riddles-from-moscow.
7
. Rayle, “Unpublished Autobiographical Essay,” PC, Rayle.
8
. Earnest, International Spy Museum podcast.
9
. W. Rostow to President, Friday, Mar. 10, 1967, 8:45 AM, LBJL, NSF, Intelligence, Svetlana Alliluyeva, NLJ/RAC 03-115 E.O. 12958, Sec. 3.5.
10
. Rayle, “Unpublished Autobiographical Essay,” PC, Rayle.
11
. Herewith Verbatim Copy: Letter from Svetlana Alliluyeva to Children, Mar. 9, 1967, LBJL, NSF, Intelligence, Svetlana Alliluyeva, NLJ/ RAC 03-113.
12
. Rayle, “Unpublished Autobiographical Essay,” PC, Rayle.
13
. Alliluyeva,
Faraway Music
, 144.
14
. Secret: From New Delhi, Mar. 15, 17, 1967, NARA: E.O. 13292, Sec. 3.5. NLJ 03-145.
15
. Alliluyeva,
Faraway Music
, 146.
16
. Rayle, “Unpublished Autobiographical Essay,” PC, Rayle.
17
. Alliluyeva,
Faraway Music
, 147.
18
. Secret: From New Delhi, Mar. 15, 17, 1967, NARA: E.O. 13292, Sec. 3.5. NLJ 03-145.
19
. “Stalin’s Daughter Said to Quit Soviet Union and May Have Approached US Aides,”
New York Times
, Mar. 10, 1967.